Humpback whale, e tsejoang hape e le humpback le minke ea matsoho a malelele, ke phoofolo e anyesang ea metsing e tsoang lelapeng la marope a metsu a mokolokotoane. Ona ke ona feela mofuta oa mofuta oa mofuta, empa ka nako e ts'oanang o atile ebile o tsebahala. Whale e bitsoa joalo, hobane pheletso ea eona ea dorsal e tšoana ka sebopeho, mme ka nako ea ho sesa e sesa mokokotlo oa eona ka matla.

Ponahalo ea leruarua

Tse tona tsa Humpback li nyane hanyane ho feta tsehali. 'Mele oa mosali o fihla ho bolelele ba limithara tse 14,' me e tona e 13 metres. Motho e moholo feela o na le boima ba lithane tse 35. Ho na le batho bao boima ba bona bo fetang bo boholo.

Gorbach ke phoofolo e kholo, e boima ba lithane tse fetang 40.

Boima bo boima bo tlalehiloeng ke lithane tse 48. 'Mele oa wpback whale o boreleli ebile o matla, karolo e ka pele e boreleli ho feta mokokotlo. Hlooho e kholo, e nka 25% ea bolelele ba 'mele. Ho na le lifahleho tse emeng ka mpeng le 'metso. Li fumaneha hole hole le tse ling. Palo ea bona ke likotoana tse 20. Ho humpback, fin ea dorsal e nyane, e haufi le mohatla. Mohatla o moholo le o matla o na le mehele e meng e mebe. Mealo e ts'oanang le mapheo a malelele a pectoral. Manong ana le manong ka bobeli ho na le makhopho a letlalo.

Ketso e makatsang e etsoang ke whale ea humpback.

Molomong oa molomo oa phoofolo ena e anyesang ke lejoe le letšo le letšo, le nang le lipolanete tse makholo a 'maloa. Li theoha ka letsatsi le holimo 'me li ka ba bolelele ba limithara. Maphethelong a poleiti a entsoe ka pente. Nakong ea ho fepa, phoofolo e ahlamisa molomo ebe e metsa plankton. Kamora moo, leruarua le sutumelletsa metsi ka hanong le leleme la lona, ​​'me le latela lereho le latela lehare. Ebe morusu o loma lijo ka leleme la hae.

Mmele oa wpback whale o na le 'mala o fapaneng. Mmele o kaholimo o lefifi, o batla o le motšo, tlase o lefifi ka matheba a maholo a masoeu. Ka linako tse ling mpa e ka ba tšoeu ka botlalo. Karolo e kaholimo ea mekhaba e ntšo, karolo e ka tlase e tšoeu, le ha ka linako tse ling batho ba nang le makhopho a monophonic a bosoeu kapa a bosoeu ba fumanoa. Ka tlase ho mohatla le eona e khabisitsoe ka libaka tse tšoeu. Motho ka mong o na le 'mala oa hae o ikhethang, sebaka le boholo ba matheba.

Boitšoaro ba Humpback le Nutle

Boholo ba bophelo ba leruarua la humpback le etsahala metsing a lebopong, eseng hole ho feta 100 km ho tloha lebopong. Ho sesa leoatleng le bulehileng feela nakong ea ho falla. Humpbacks e sesa ka lebelo la 10-15 km / h, lebelo le phahameng haholo leo a ka le ntlafatsang le fihla ho 30 km / h. Ha e ntse e batla le ho ja lijo, e qoelisoa ka metsing nako e ka etsang metsotso e 15, ka tekanyo e kholo e ka lula moo metsotso e 30. Botebo bo tebileng ka ho fetisisa boo moalo oa "humpback whale" o siling ke limithara tse 300. Ha e phefumoloha, e ntša metsi ka seliba, eo bophahamo ba eona e leng limithara tse tharo. Sehlopha se ka ba mabifi 'me ka linako tse ling se hlasela likepe tse nyane. Ho tsoa ka metsing nako e fetang 2/3 ea 'mele.

Phoofolo e anyesang e rata ho sesa le ho sesa ka metsing, hangata e tšoloha le ho tlola ka metsing. Hape o etsa joalo ho tlosa likokoanyana tse metsing tse fumanehang letlalong la hae. Motheo oa lijo ke li-cephalopods le li-crustaceans. E ea jeoa le litlhapi. Leruarua le sesa ho ea sekolong sa litlhapi, se hlasela metsi ka mohatla, se jang nama e ntle, ebe se lula se otlolohile, se ahlamisa molomo 'me se phahama, ka hona se metsa phofu.

Ho hlahisa le ho phela nako e telele

Ho ima ho basali ho etsahala mariha, ao karolong e ka boroa ea lefatše a oelang ka Phuptjane-Phato. Leha e le tšehali li ka emola ka September le November, empa sena ha se etsahala hangata. Nako ea kemaro ke likhoeli tse 11. Ho tsoaloa konyana e le 'ngoe, eo boima ba eona e ka bang toni e le' ngoe, 'me bolelele ba' mele e ka ba limithara tse 'ne. Tse tšehali li fepa malinyane ka lebese likhoeli tse 10. Qetellong ea ho fepa lebese, malinyane a katse a se a le boima ba lithane tse 8 mme kutu e na le limilimithara tse 9. Peō e ba le e tšehali ka likhoeli tse 18, ebe konyana e ea mo siea ebe e tšehali e boetse ea emola. Boimana ho humpback ea basali e na le khafetsa ea lilemo tse peli. Liphoofolo tsena tse anyesang li ba le lilemo tse 5 tsa ho kopanela liphate. Maruarua a Humpback a phela lilemo tse 40-45.

Lira tsa whale ea humpback

Phoofolo ena e khōlōhali ha e na lira, ke marang-rang a bolaeang 'me batho ke mekhelo,' me motho o kotsi haholo ho feta sebatana sa leoatle. Lilemong tse makholo tse peli tse fetileng, batho ba ile ba bolaea liphoofolo tsena haholo. Hona joale leruarua la humpback le thathamisitsoe ho International Red Book mme le sirelelitsoe ke molao. Kajeno palo ea baahi ba eona e ka ba likete tse 20.

Haeba u fumana phoso, ka kopo khetha sekhechana sa mongolo ebe o tobetsa Ctrl + Kena.

Boholo

Humpback ke leruarua le leholo. 'Mele oa eona o bolelele ba limithara tse 14.5 ho tse tšehali, limithara tse 13.5 ho tse tona, bolelele bo phahameng ba leruarua la humpback ke limithara tse 17-18.

Boima bo tloaelehileng ke boima ba lithane tse 30. Leruarua la humpback le tšoauoa ke bophahamo bo boholo ba mafura a ikhethileng hara maqhubu a likhoele le sebaka sa bobeli letšoao lena har'a maruarua kaofela.

Litšobotsi

'Mele oa leruarua la humpback le khutsufalitsoe, le leholo, le atoloha ka pele, le lithaele le likonteraka tse ka morao. Hlooho e boreleli, e chitja qetellong. Mohlahare o ka tlase o itsoella pele. Mpa ke boroko. Throat le mpa ke li-grooves tse telele. Masiba a pectoral a malelele. Chelete e ka morao e tlaase, bophahamo ba 30-30 cm ke bolelele bo ts'oanang le hump. Chelete ea caudal e kholo.

Mmala

Mmala oa mokokotlo le mahlakore a humpback o bosootho, bohlooho bo lefifi, ka linako tse ling bo sootho, bo lefifi ho feta litho tse ling tsa lelapa. Sefuba le mpa li ka ba tse ntšo, tse tšoeu kapa tse nang le letheba. Masiba a pectoral a sootho ka holimo, ka tlase a tšoeu kapa a bopehile. Lobe ea caudal le eona e ntšo ka holimo, 'me e tšoeu, e lefifi kapa e tlase moteng. Leruarua le leng le le leng la humpback le tšoauoa ka 'mala oa lona,

Se jang

Lijo tsa whale ea humpback li kenyelletsa li-crustaceans tse ka tlase le tsa pelagic, litlhapi tse tsamaisang litlhapi (herring, mackerel, gerbil, sardine, anchovies, capelin, pollock, haddock, saffron cod, pollock, cod, polar cod, hangata hangata e le cephalopods le mollusks ea maoto a mapheo. Ka lebaka lena, maruarua a lula metsing a lebopong le ka setsing sa leoatle, moo ho fumanoang phofu e tšoanang. Hoo e ka bang 500-600 kg ea lijo e kenngoa ka mpeng ea humpback. Ho nona ho etsahala nakong ea ho fepa, 'me nakong ea ho falla le mariha, maruarua a humpback a bolaoa ke tlala' me a lula polokelong e nonneng ea mafura a kenang, a lahleheloa ke 25-30% ea boima ba 'ona.

Moo maruarua a humpback a lula teng

Gorbach ke leruarua la bokahohle le lulang metsing ohle a leoatle ho tloha libakeng tse chesang tse mongobo ho ea fihla libakeng tse phahameng ka leboea, ntle le sebakeng sa Arctic le Antarctic, empa ka kakaretso baahi ha ba na sebaka. Maruarua a Humpback ha a lule Leoatleng la Arctic. Bakeng sa bophelo, a khetha metsi a lebopong le a setebele; a kena libakeng tse tebileng tsa leoatle feela ka ho tsamaea.

Monna le mosali: liphapang tse ka sehloohong

Tekanyo ea botona le botšehali ho maruarua a humpback ke boholo ba banna le basali. Tse tšehali li kholoanyane hanyane, ka bolelele ba limithara tse 1-2 le boima ba lithane tse 'maloa ho feta tse tona. Ntle le boholo, sebaka sa urogenital sea fapana ka sebopeho: ba batona ha ba na hemispherical protrusion (bophara ba 15 cm) ntlheng ea lekhala la urogenital.

Ho beha boitšoaro

Li-Humpbacks li lula haufi le lebōpo, ka seoelo li ea leoatleng le bulehileng ha li falla. Ho khona ho sesa lik'hilomithara tse makholo ka likete ka mola o otlolohileng. Libaka tsa mariha le tsa ho fepa li ka lula li fetoha ebile li fetoha.

Karolelano lebelo la humpback whale 8-15 km / h Boholo bo ka fihlella 27 km / h.

Humpback whale jumping

Mofuta ona o mafolofolo haholo ebile o rata batho, o rata ho tsoa ka metsing hantle, e leng se khahlang batho ka linako tsohle. E ka kena ka metsing ka linako tse fapaneng 'me ka nako e ts'oanang e phahamisa mohatla oa eona. Hangata o qoela hlabula ka metsotso e 5, mariha - bakeng sa metsotso e 10-15, esita le halofo ea hora. Sena se bakoa ke taba ea hore mariha humpback e phomola tlasa metsi, mme lehlabula - holim'a eona. Seliba sa humpback whale se boholo ba 2-5 m, bolelele ba 4-5 s.

Leruarua la humpback ha le thehe lihlopha tse sa feleng. O batlana le lijo ka bonngoe le ka har'a mehlape e menyenyane e bopehileng hantle ka lihora tse 'maloa. Lihlopheng tse joalo, maruarua a lula a le mabifi ho feta, ka hona a a etsa bakeng sa motsamao, ha ba batona ba lebela basali ka malinyane.

Likhechana

Bolelele ba 'mele bo ka ba 4,5 m, boima - 700-2000 kg. Ho fepa ka lebese ho nka nako e telele ho isa ho likhoeli tse 10-11, ha lesea le sebelisa lebese la 40,045 la lebese ka letsatsi. Ka 'm'ae, whale e nyane e phela lilemo tse 1-2. E tona ha e tsotelle ngoana.

Kholo e nyane e fihlella kholo ea thobalano ka lilemo tse 5-6. Basali ba tsoala nako e le 'ngoe ka nako e le' ngoe ho isa ho 2-2,5. Nako e tloaelehileng ea bophelo ea humpbacks ke lilemo tse 40-50.

Lira tsa tlhaho tsa wpback whale

Bokaholimo ba 'mele oa humpback, likokoana-hloko tse ngata li phela, ho feta mefuta e tšoanang. Tsena ke li-Copepods, li-Copepod, Linta ea Whale, Li -wallwisss. Li-endoparasites, trematode, nematode, cestode le ho hlaka li atile.

Ha e le lira tsa tlhaho, ha li tloaelane le maruarua a humpback. Ka linako tse ling li hlaseloa ke maruarua le lishaka tse bolaeang.

Humpback, hammoho le maruarua a mang a maholo, e ne e le taba ea mololi, ka hona, ho fihlela bohareng ba lekholo la bo20 la lilemo, palo ea batho e fokotsehile ka 90%. Mofuta ona o ne o hlaseleha habonolo ka lebaka la ho rata ho phela haufi le lebopo. Ho tloha bohareng ba bo-19 ho fihlela bohareng ba lekholo la bo20 la lilemo, ho ile ha chekoa mepopotlo e fetang 180,000 Leoatleng la Lefatše. Thibelo e felletseng ea tlhahiso ea leruarua la humpback e ile ea hlahisoa ka 1966 ke International Whaling Commission. Hona joale ho tšoasa litlhapi ho lekantsoe ke maruoa a 'maloa ka selemo. Kamora hore lithibelo li hlahisoe, butle-butle baahi ba ile ba qala ho hlaphoheloa, 'me mefuta ea limela kajeno e khetholloa e le batho ba tlokotsing mme e seng joalo ka ha e sokeloa.

Ho se utloane ka likepe, tšilafalo ea lerata la leoatle, matlooa a ho tšoasa litlhapi moo liphororo li kenang teng li baka likotsi tsa maruarua.

Lintlha tse khahlisang:

• Re-repertoire ea lentsoe ea humpback whales e tsebahala, e phethang karolo ea bohlokoa ho etseng tsoala. Tse tšehali tsa Humpback li khona ho etsa melumo e fapaneng, empa ke tse tona feela tse bina nako e telele le ka melodi. Pina ea humpback ke letoto le itseng la melumo e feto-fetohang hangata ho 40-5000 Hz, e lulang metsotso e 6-35, 'me e phetoa hangata. Tse tona li bina ka mafolofolo haeba ho na le tse tšehali tse nang le malinyane haufi le tsona. Ba ka bina e le 'ngoe ka nako e le' ngoe. Ho ea ka "pina ena ea" choral "ho ka khonahala ho latela litsela tsa maruarua.
• Mofuta oa wpback whale ke mefuta e tsejoang ka ho fetisisa le e tsebahalang ho feta ea maruarua kaofela. Libakeng tsohle tse lebopong la polanete moo liphoofotsoana li fumanoang teng, e ba ntho e ratehang ho bahahlauli ba ratang ho shebella kamoo maruarua a qhomang metsing, ho tsoa liliba le ho mamela lipina tsa bona.