Altai Mountain Ram
Sehlopha sa mahlale

• AmvisLinnaeus, 1758
• Ovis horali Boddaert, 1785
• Ovis argali altaica Severtsov, 1873
• Ovis dauricia argali Severtsov, 1873
• Ovis argali mongolica Severtsov, 1873
• Ovis ammon przevalski Nasonov, 1923

Linku tsa thaba tsa Altai , kapa Altai pheleu , kapa horali , kapa Tien Shan pheleu , kapa Altai argali [ mohloli ha oa hlalosoa matsatsi a 1116 ], kapa Altai argali (lat. Ovis ammon) - phoofolo e anyesang e nang le boea bo tsoang lelapeng la bovine, subspecies ea Araliali Amvis ).

Ponahalo

Altai lithaba pheleu - moemeli kholo ka ho fetisisa tsa genus tsa lipheleu ( Ovis ) hape, e na le linaka tse boima ho feta tsohle. boima ba 'mele ea bona ho ba batona batho ba baholo ka fihla ho fihlela ho lik'hilograma tse 35.

Bophahamo ha a pona - 70-125 cm, bolelele ba 'mele - 1,2-2 m, bolelele ba mohatla 13-14 cm, boima ba' mele - 70-180 kg. Nako ea bophelo ke lilemo tse 12-18.

Baemeli ba subspecies e na maoto le matsoho le Squat 'mele, tse tšesaane, empa matla. Qetellong ea setloholo se bobebe haholo ho feta 'mala oa hlooho le mokokotlo oa phoofolo.

Tlhaloso ea ponahalo

Arkhara lithaba le linku tse ling tse khōlō ka ho fetisisa har'a mefuta eohle ea genus ena. Ka har'a sehlopha sa mahlale, lebitso la mefuta e utloahala joaloka Ovis Amone. Karolo ea bobeli e tsoa lebitsong la molimo oa Baegepeta Ammone, eo ho ea ka tšōmo ea lefats'e le ka bochabela a fetohileng pheleu. O ne a atisa ho tšoantšoa le linaka telele curled.

Tsena ke liphoofolo tse ntle tse nang le tšireletso e ikhohomosang, 'mele o mosesane le maoto a malelele. Ka lebaka la linaka tse khahlehang, lihlooho tsa tsona li akhetse morao. Mona ke tse khōlō ponahalo ea entsprechen le tlhaloso:

• Bolelele ba 'mele ho banna ke 1,7-2 m, ho basali - 1,2-1,5 m.
• Bophahamo ba pheleu ke lisenthimithara tse 5,125, linku tse 95-112 cm.
• Boima ba batona ke 110-170 lik'hilograma (maemong a ikhethang - ka 200 lik'hilograma), ka tšehali boima ke 60-100 lik'hilograma.
• Bokaholimo ba lehata ho banna ke 25-35 cm, ho basali - 23-30 cm.
• Hlooho e kholo, e kholo, e na le sefahleho se otlolohileng kapa se sothehileng hanyane, ho basali hlooho e kholo le ho feta.
• The thiba molomo o ile a bolela (ka tšehali - narrowed), le baki e tšoeu 'me khanya linkong.
• Litsebe li sebetsa haholo, 'me li na le likhahla lilaneng.
• Linaka tsa e tona li telele, li sothehile ka lesale kapa mehala, likotopo lia khumama, bolelele ba tsona bo ka fihla ho 2 m, boima ba tsona hammoho le lehata li ka fihla ho 40-50 kg, mme ba etsa 13% ea boima ba 'mele kaofela.
• Ka tse tšehali, manaka tse nyenyane, ho tloha cm, 5 ho cm, 60, hanyenyane sothoe morao le sekele e bōpehileng joaloka, joaloka lipōli, ka linako tse ling likonyana hornless li fumanoa.
• Molala o mokhuts'oane, o moholo.
• Sefuba se pharaletse ebile se tsoetse pele hantle, ka mokhoa o ts'oarellang oa cm 120-135.
• 'Mele oa ka boholo ka kakaretso mele oa shebahala tshesane le hanyenyane shortened.
• Masapo a metacarpal le metatarsal maotong a Araliamo ha a bolelele; leha e le poli ea thaba kapa nku e lehloa e se na sebopeho se joalo, sena se lumella Arkhar hore a mathe ka potlako thoteng ebe o hloa moepa o thellang.
• Makhoaba a ka pele a na le bolelele ba 4-4,5 cm, ka bolelele ba 2-4 mm ka bokhuts'oane.
• Ho na le 2 hooves eketsehileng ka morao maoto a ka.
• Mohatla o otlolohile, ho fihlela bolelele ba 18 cm.

'Mala oa bosoasoi ba Arkharov o tsoa ho lehlabathe le putsoa (le ka bang le tšoeu) ho ea ka sootho-sootho, mariha boea bo fifala. A letheba tšoeu e khetholloa ka sebakeng lumbar tsa lipheleu le, ka mpeng, holim hare tsa forearms le lirope, le thiba molomo a 'mala o tšoanang. Mofuteng oa e tona, seaparo se selelele, se mebala ka molumo o bobebe. Linku tsa thaba le poli li batla li tšoana, empa Arkhar ha a na litelu, linaka tsa hae li sothehile haholo. Ka le linku tsa ka, ho fapana le lipōli, ho na le ha ho litsoelesa nkhang hamonate e fana ka e itseng monko oa le boea.

Sebaka sa bolulo

Linku tse lithabeng tsa Argali kapa Arkhar tse fapaneng li lula libakeng tse ling tsa Asia Bohareng le Bohareng, naheng ea Mongolia, Kazakhstan ka bochabela le bophirima ho Siberia. Akarelletsoa Bo-mefuta e fapaneng ya le Tien Shan Range, Palmyra, Sayan. Ho na le li-horali lithoteng tsa Nepal, Himalaya, Tibet le libakeng tse ling tsa Dagestan.Ha joale e akaretsa sebaka se ka bang 10,000 km², e ne e le kholo haholo ebile e koahetse hoo e batlang e le sebaka sohle sa Asia.

Mehlape e lula bophahamong ba 1300-1600 m, e rata lihlaba le matsoapong a bonolo. Le ha liphoofolo li ka bonoa hangata mafikeng, haholo moo liphoofolo tse ruuoang lapeng li ntseng li li tlatlapa libakeng tse nonneng. Batho ka bomong ba rata libaka tse bulehileng, ba fallela liphuleng tsa mariha le mathoasong a selemo, 'me lehlabula ba hloella lithabeng, moeling oa makhulo le lithaba tse sa feleng. Ho falla ho otlolohileng ha ho hlahisoe hantle, ho etsoa ka bongata ba 30-40 km².

Mountain Sheep Habitat

Otar Archar e na le batho ba 30-100, mehlape e meholohali hona joale e lula Mongolia. Nakong ea lipakeng tsa gonas, tse tona le tse tšehali tse nang le malinyane li lutse ka thoko. Linku li na le mehlape e meholo, lipheleu li li hula ka mabifi. Tse tona li lula lihlopheng tsa bachelor tsa sepheo sa 6-10.

Linku tsa Alpine li ja hoo e ka bang limela tsohle tse ka fumanoang matsoapong a lithaba tse fokolang. Lehlabula, liphoofolo li nyolohela sebakeng sa makhulo a lithaba, moo li fumanang joang bo botala bo nang le fiber e ngata. Mariha, haeba lehloa le feta 10 cm, li theohela liphuleng. Ho tloha tlasa lehloa, linku li hlahisa joang bo omileng ba selemong se fetileng, moss, lichens. Sebata se seholo se hloka lijo tse ngata tsa semela, ka letsatsi leo li jang lijo tse ka bang 18kg. Ka lebaka la khaello ea lijo mariha, batho ba bangata ba fokolang baa shoa.

Li-Argars li lula li sisinyeha, li tloha makhulong ho ea lekhulong ho ea batla lijo tse betere. Li tsamaeang haholo, li matha ka tsela e phethahetseng lithabeng tse nang le mafika. Li khona ho tlōla gorges ho fihlela ho 5 m ka bophara ebe li hloa mafika. Matha thota ka lebelo la 50-60 km / h.

Liphoofolo li lihlong, ha li tlosoa ka molumo o monyane haholo ebe lia baleha. Lira tsa tlhaho tsa Arkhars ke liphiri, lynxes, wolverines le lengau lehloa. Ha li ame bongata ba batho haholo, kaha ba senya liphoofolo tse fokolang feela. Boholo bo boholo ho Arkhars bo etsoa ke batho.

Ho tsala

Nako ea ho holisa linku tsa thaba ea Arkhar e qala ka Mphalane kapa November. Ka nako ena, lipheleu le likonyana li theha lihlopha tse tloaelehileng. Melao ea polyandry le polygyny e sebetsa ho tsona; basali le banna ba bangata ba nka karolo ho tlohelleng hang. Linku li fihlela bokhachane kamora lilemo tse 2-3, linku li le lilemo tse 4-5 feela, tse tona li nka karolo ho tsa pele ka mor'a lilemo tse 5. Pele ho tlholeho, lipheleu li hlophisa ntoa e le hore tse tšehali li khethe tse matla.

Boimana ba mosali bo nka matsatsi a 150-160, e leng matsatsi a 40-50 a malelele ho feta a nku e ruuoang. Likonyana li tsoaloa nakong ea selemo ha palo ea lijo e eketseha. Pele a beleha, e tšehali e tlosoa sebakeng se sephiring. Ts'ebetso e nka metsotso e 20-30, konyana e sa tsoa tsoaloa e boima ba 3-4 kg.

Boholo ba li -aliali li tsoala konyana e le 'ngoe, mafahla a hlaha ka seoelo. Konyana e nyane e batla e eme hanghang mehatong ea eona mme e kenngoa nipple. Nku e phela ka thoko le konyana ea eona nako e ka etsang beke, ebe e kenella mohlape.

Mountain Lamb Arkhar

Likonyana mohlapeng li khomarela, li bapala hangata har'a tsona. Ho tloha bekeng ea bobeli, linaka tsa tsona li qala ho hola, 'me ho tloha ka khoeli eo liphoofolo tse ruuoang lapeng li se li jele mofoka. Li fepa lebese likhoeli tse 4-5, ka nako e ts'oanang mosali a hlokomela bana ba hae. Ho tloha likhoeli tse 5, likonyana li ikemetse ka botlalo. Maemo a tebileng a ho phela a lumella feela 50-55% ea liphoofolo tse nyane hore li phele, ka lebaka lena, palo ea batho ba Arkhar e ke ke ea hola ka potlako. Nako eohle ea bophelo ba lipheleu tsa Argali tse hlaha naheng e hlaha lilemo tse 10-13, empa batho ba bangata ha ba phele lilemo tse 6. Ka li-zoo mofuta ona o ka phela lilemo tse 18.

Subspecies Arkharov

Likarolo kapa mefuta ea li-giali tsa linku tsa thaba li lula libakeng tse fapaneng. Li fapana ka boholo, 'mala oa seaparo, likarolo tse ling tsa ho ema le boitšoaro. Ho latela sehlopha sa sejoale-joale, ho na le mefuta e ka bang 9:

• Altai thaba ea linku Arkhar. Metsi a a fumanehang Mongolia, ho kenyeletsa le Lehoatata la Gobi, Tuva, ka bochabela ho Kazakhstan, ka boroa-bophirima ho Altai le Siberia, le libakeng tse ling tsa Asia Bochabela le Asia Bohareng.E nkoa e le kholo ka ho fetisisa lefatšeng.
• Kazakh thaba Arkhar. O lutse lithabeng tsa Kazakhstan, haufi le Letša la Balkhash, sebakeng sa Kalba sa Altai, libaka tsa Monrak, Saur, Tarbagatai. E nkoa e le e 'ngoe ea matšoao a naha ena. Boea ba linku bo sootho ka 'mala o bosootho bo botala, bo bolelele ba linaka li ka ba cm cm tse 120,' me li katiloe ka lesakaneng.
• Pheleu ea Tibetan. Subspecies ena e kholo e bitsoa joalo hobane e lula Tibet, le Himalayas e India le Nepal. E na le kobo e sootho ka 'mala o moputsoa, ​​e na le manaka a loebehlanang,' me e batla e tšoana le hlooho.
• Tien Shan Arkhar. Ke ka lekhetlo la pele ho hlalosoang ka 1873 'me e abetsoe libaka tse ikemetseng. Li lula Ntoaneng ea Tien Shan, lithabeng tsa Chu-Ili, libakeng tse ling tsa Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, China.
• Pamir subspecies, kapa pheleu Marco Polo. Sebaka seo a lulang ho sona ke Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan, Afghanistan le libaka tse ling tsa Chaena. Ena ke ponahalo e ntle ea linaka tse nang le tint e khubelu ea boea mahlakoreng le ka morao. E hlalositsoe ka lekhetlo la pele ke mohahlauli ea tummeng oa Motaliana, ea ileng a reha lebitso la eona.
• Liphoofolo tsa mofuta oa Gobi kapa mofuta oa subspecies. E lula naheng ea Mongolia, Gobi Desert, ka tlase ho 45 ° leboea, le liprofinse tse ling tsa China tse sebakeng se le seng. E fapana ka boholo bo nyane ho feta ba Arkhars ba bang.
• Likhatiso tsa Karatau. Mehlape ea linku tsena e ne e fumaneha liphuleng pakeng tsa Syr Darya le Amu Darya, ka boroa ho Kazakhstan, sebakeng se lithaba sa lehoatata la Kyzylkum. Hona joale li ka fumanoa feela lithabeng tsa Nuratau tsa Uzbekistan kapa sebakeng sa Aktau (bophirima ba Kazakhstan).
• North China horali. Li-subspecies li lula matsoapong a Tibet. E khetholloa ka linaka tse ntle, e hahiloeng ke sesele, boea bo bobebe ba moriti o moputsoa o moputsoa.
• Linku tsa thaba tsa Kyzylkum. Metsi a lehoatateng la Kyzylkum, Kazakhstan. Ho latela data ea morao-rao, palo ea eona ha e felle batho ba 100, ka hona mefuta e ka nkoa e le haufi le ho fela.

Ha se mefuta eohle ea theknoloji ea mehleng ea kajeno ea zoological le classified e buang ka Arkhars. Mohlala, linku tsa Kyzylkum joale li se li langoe e le mefuta e arohaneng. Beng ka hlooho ea Arkhar ke Mouflon le Ureal, ba lulang libakeng tse batlang li tšoana, empa sebaka sa bona se pharaletse.

Tlhaloso ea linku tsa thaba

Bolelele ba nku e kholo ea thaba ho tloha ho 120 ho isa ho 200 cm, bophahamo ha bo pona ke 90-120 cm, boima bo tloha ho 65 ho isa ho 180 lik'hilograma. Li-subspecies tse fapaneng li fapana ka boholo le 'mala. Kahoo, moemeli e moholo ka ho fetisisa ke Pamir argali. 'Mala oa liphoofolo o fapana ho tloha ho' mala o bobebe oa lehlabathe ho ea putsoa ka bohlooho. Mmele o tlase o lula o bobebe. Mahlakoreng ke mebala ea 'mala o sootho, o arola' mele o holimo le tlase. Mosesane le mohatla li bobebe. Tse tona ea linku tsa thaba li khetholloa ke ho ba le selikalikoe sa boea bo bobebe molaleng le boea bo bolelele ho nape. Ho hlatsoa ho etsahala makhetlo a 'maloa ka selemo, kobo ea mariha e telele ebile e bobebe ho feta kobo ea lehlabula. Likhahla li telele ebile li mosesaane.

Tse tona le tse tšehali tsa nku ea thaba li na le linaka tse telele. Ho banna, boholo ba bona bo khahla haholoanyane, ho tloha ho 180 ho isa ho 190 cm, ba sothehile ka spirals, ka malebela a shebile hanyane le hanyane.

Likarolo tsa phepo ea linku tsa thaba

Linku tse lithabeng tse hlaha ke setlama, mofuta oa lijo tseo e leng mefuta e fapaneng ea limela tse tlokomang. Li-argali li na le karoloana e itseng bakeng sa lijalo tsa poone. Lits'ebeletso tsohle tsa phepo e nepahetseng ka kakaretso ha li na boiketlo; li ka ja sedge le hodgepodge.

Phoofolo e ka etsa ntle le ho nwa metsi nako e telele mme e khotsofale ke mongobo o tsoang limela. Haeba ho hlokahala, o ka noella metsi a letsoai.

Mefuta ea linku le linku

Ho tsejoa mefuta e fokolang haholo le mefuta ea liphoofolo tsena. Ho na le mefuta e mengata ea lapeng e etselitsoeng nama kapa boea. Kapa mohlomong ka bobeli. Bakeng sa sena, mohlala, ho sebelisoa nama ea boea le boea. Hape, ho fumana boea ba linku tse ngata ho molemo ho tsoalisa linku tse telele. Khetho e ntle ke mofuta oa linku tse telele oa Russia.

Hape tse tsejoang ke mefuta e kang:

1. Soviet merino.E holisoa ka tekanyo e kholo ho fumana boea ba merino bo bonolo.
2. Karakul ea mofuta oa linku. E ka hlahisoa ke mofuta o kopaneng oa linku. Lihoete li entsoe ka boea ba mofuta o kopanetsoeng, 'me matlalo a sebelisoa bakeng sa tlhahiso ea liaparo tsa boea ba astrakhan.
3. Border Leister - e loketse nama le boea ka bobeli.
4. Dagestan mofuta oa linku - o sebelisoang tataisong ea nama le boea.
5. Mofuta oa Altai - o holile nama le boea.

Mefuta ena e khethiloe e le linku tse ruuoang lapeng, empa mefuta e mengata ea hlaha ea lelapa lena la liphoofolo le eona ea tsebahala. Mohlala, Mouflon, pheleu ea Lehloa, ke thaba, pheleu e maoto a maoto a mararo, Arkhar, Urial le ba bang ba bangata.

Phapang lipakeng tsa linku le linku

Tlhokomeliso, FEELA FEELA!

Sheba Litaba tsa Paballo

Linku tse lithabeng tse hlaha Arkhar le libaka tsohle tse teng ho eona li fokola haholo ka palo, tse ling li sokeloa ka ho timela ka ho felletseng, ke ka hona li thathamisitsoeng ho Buka e Khubelu ea linaha tse ngata, ho kenyeletsoa Russia, Kazakhstan, Mongolia, China. Ha se feela liphoofolo tse tsomang, empa le ho rekisa matlalo, manaka le likarolo tse ling tsa setopo ha ho thibetsoe. Ho sa tsotelehe mehato eohle ea ts'ireletso, palo ea liphoofolo e lula e fokotseha. Baahi ba Dagestan, boemo bo thata ba ma-Arkhars a tsoang lehoatateng la Kyzylkum, a batla a nyamela.

Manaka a maholo a maholohali a lefats'e - senokoane se ka sehloohong sa litsomi tsa litsomi. Theko ea bona ho batsho e ka fihla lidolara tse likete tse 10 tsa Amerika. Ho sa tsotelehe hore na ba boholong ba loana le ho rekisoa ha linaka ka tsela e seng molaong hakae, khoebo ea sephiri e tebile haholo. Ho thunya ho etsoa esita le libakeng tse sirelelitsoeng ka thata, haholo-holo Russia, Kazakhstan, Mongolia le linaheng tsa Asia Bohareng. Ntle le moo, setho sena se atisa ho sebelisoa litlhare tsa China, tse behang bophelo ba hau mefuteng ea mofuta oa Tibetan le Palmyra.

Ntle le moo, mehlape e sokeloa ke bophelo ba motho. Likotsi tse ka sehloohong ke:

• e fula mohlape oa linku tse ruuoang,
• kaho ea meaho le lithibelo tse fapaneng litseleng tsa ho falla,
• kaho ea literene le litsela tse kholo libakeng tsa bolulo,
• meepo.

Tsoelo-pele e matla ea temo, ha e ntse e boloka makhulo a liphoofolo a lokolohileng, e ile ea nyenyefatsa baahi ba Mongolia. Ho nyamela ha horali ho Siberia ea Bochabela ho amana le nts'etsopele ea lisebelisoa tsa liminerale sebakeng sena. Liphoofolo tsa China li na le bothata ba kholo ea kholo ea baahi, li beha litsela esita le libakeng tse hole, ho hlaha ha libaka tse ncha.

Linku tsa thaba lia hasana

Linku tse lithabeng li tloaelehile lithabeng le lithabeng tsa Asia Bohareng le Bohareng, moo li phahamelang holimo ho tloha ho limithara tse 1000 ho isa ho tse 6000 ka holim'a bophahamo ba leoatle. Li fumanoa Himalaya, Pamirs le Tibet, Altai le Mongolia. Pejana, sebaka seo se ne se pharaletse ebile se kenyeletsa bophirima le bochabela ba Siberia, hammoho le boroa-bophirima ho Yakutia.

Libaka tse ikhethang li fapana bakeng sa lits'ebeletso tse fapaneng:

• subspecies Ovis Amone o lula sebakeng sa Gobi le Mongolia Altai, ka bochabela ho Kazakhstan, ka boroa-bochabela ho Altai, ka boroa-bophirima ho Tuva le Mongolia,
• li-subspecies Ovis ammon collium li atile Kazakhstan le Altai,
• subspecies Ovis ammon hodgsonii - moahi oa Tibet, Himalaya, Nepal, India,
• subspecies Ovis ammon karelini e bonoa Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan le China,
• subspecies Ovis ammon rolii o lula Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan, China, Afghanistan,
• subspecies Ovis ammon jubata o lula Tibet,
• subspecies Ovis ammon severtzóvi e fumaneha ka bophirima ho Kazakhstan le Uzbekistan.

Linku tsa lithaba li rata libaka tse bulehileng, matsoapo a lithaba le libaka tse nang le majoe a piedmont, makhulo a matala a lithaba tse nang le makhasi a nang le makhasi. Karolo e khethollang ea subspecies tsohle ke ho falla ha linako tse itseng ka nako e itseng. Hlabula, lipheleu tsa thaba li ea sebakeng se lithaba, li na le limela tse ngata tse nang le joang, 'me mariha li theohela makhulong a lehloa lehloa.

4 Mokhoa oa bophelo

Linku tse hlaha li phela bophelo ba ho lula fatše, empa nako le nako li qobelloa ho lelera. Mariha ba theohela botebong ba lithaba, lehlabula ba hloella holimo. Bakeng sa nako ea lehlabula li hlophisitsoe ka mehlape ea liphoofolo tse 10-30.Ha boemo ba leholimo bo bata bo qala, ba bokana ka malapa a mangata, ka linako tse ling ba fihla ho likete tse sekete. Ona ke phapang e 'ngoe ho lipōli, eo ho eona lihlopha tse joalo li sa bonoeng. Tse tona li rata ho lula ka thoko le tse tšehali ka malinyane. Linku tse kholo ka ho fetisisa hangata li lula li arotsoe.

Malapa a joalo a tšoana hantle le ho lula 'moho. Litho tsohle li lula 'moho, empa ha li bontše thahasello e ngata ho baahisani ba tsona. Empa ho falimeha ho lula ho le teng. Matšoao a fokolang a ho tšoenyeha ho a le mong a sebetsa e le lets'oao la alamo le ho tšosa mohlape oohle. Ho tloaelehile hore lipheleu li ntše ho lutla, li tlaase ka lentsoe le thata ho feta tsa linku. Haeba tsa morao li nkuoa e le libopuoa tse hlokang kelello, joale linku tsa thaba li bohlale haholo ebile li bohlale. Ha ba le kotsing e nyane, ba tsamaea litseleng tse sa fihlelleng sera se ka bang teng. Lithabeng ha li nyolohe joaloka lipōli, empa ha li qhane. Tsebetseng nqa e le ngoe e ile ea oela ho hloa sebaka se bolelele ba limithara tse peli le bolelele ba 3,5,5 mollomong o sephara.

Liphoofolo ke limela. Ho sa tsotelehe mofuta oa liphoofolo, li ikamahanya le maemo a bophelo mme ha li na mokhoa oa ho fepa. Haeba khetho e teng, ba khetha:

• lijo-thollo, sedge, koena, joang ba masiba,
• lichens le moss
• monokotsoai le makhasi
• letlobo la lihlahla le lifate tse fapaneng (oak, Hornbeam, maple, pistachios).

Mohloa, makala a rosehip le lijo-thollo tse omeletseng li halikiloe ka tlas'a lehloa. Letsatsi le leng le le leng ba ea mokoting o nosetsang, hangata sebakeng se lehoatata. Se ke oa tsotella ho ja letsoai la rock, ho nyeka ka lick ea letsoai. Khetha makhulo a nang le matangoana a haufi. Ka mariha, bokella mafura a subcutaneous. Linku tsa malapeng li fepa furu e tsoakiloeng ka joang. Ho feta moo, ba fepuoa ka habore kapa harese ea fatše.

Li-subspecies tse tloaelehileng tsa linku tsa thaba

Mefuta ea pheleu ea thaba e kenyelletsa libaka tse latelang tse khethollang libaka le boholo:

• Anatolian mouflons (Ovis ammon anatolisa),

• Linku tsa thaba tsa Bukhara (Ovis Amon Bosharensis),

• Kazakhstan Argali (Ovis Ammon Collium),

• Gansu argali (Ovis ammon dalailamae),
• Linku tsa thaba tsa Tibetan (Ovis ammon hodgsonii),

• Linku tsa thaba tsa China leboea (Ovis Ammone Jubata),
• Linen Shan Mountain (Ovis ammon karelini)

• Argali Kozlova (Ovis Amphoe Kozlovi),

• Linku tsa thaba tsa Karatau (Ovis Amon nigrimontana),
• Linku tsa thaba tsa cypriot (Ovis Amon Orhion),

• linku tsa thaba Marco Polo (Ovis ammon rolii),

• Linku tsa thaba tsa Kyzylkum (Оvis аmmоn sevеrtzоvi),

• Li-mouflons tsa Urmian (Ovis Amon Urmiana).

Tsela ea bophelo

Nakong ea mocheso, liphoofolo li bokana ka lihlopha tse nyane (liphoofolo tse 30 motho ka mong), tse tšehali ka malinyane li phela ka thoko. Ha mariha a qala, li-bovid li kopantsoe mehlolong ea lihlooho tse ka bang sekete. Liphoofolo li lula li beha polokeho ea tsona. Ha ho hlaha tšokelo, setho se seng le se seng sa mohlape se ntša molaetsa oa alamo oo sechaba sohle se ohelang ho sona. Liphoofolo ha li tlohele boholo ba tsona, empa li falla pakeng tsa 'mele ea metsi le makhulo kapa ka har'a lithaba, li nyoloha moo lehlabula,' me li theohela metheong ka maoto mariha.

Pheleu e hlaha e makatsang ha e ikhethise lijo. Lijo li kenyelletsa likarolo tse latelang:

1. Liforomo: Bluegrass, joang ba masiba, joang ba koro, seretse se chesang, jj.
2. Ntsu e nyane ea lifate, lihlahla.
3. Monokotšoai, li-mushroom. Ho feta moo, liboko tse nang le lipeo tse ho tsona, li fa mmele liprotheine.
4. Lehong le shoeleng le ntšitsoeng ka tlas'a lehloa, metso ea limela, mosses, lichens.

Mefuta ea li-geckosKe mefuta e mebe ea limelaAlabaev Meea e ka Leboea e ka Leboea e falletse setsing sa khoebo sa Noe se Moscow.

Pheleu e hlaha e kena molemong oa ho tsoala e le lilemo tse 2-3. Peiso e qala mafelong a selemo, le libakeng tse ka leboea - ho isa qetellong ea hoetla. Bakeng sa tokelo ea ho koaela basali, ho loanoa pakeng tsa ba batona. Liphoofolo ha li na maqhama a lelapa: molemi o tlohela linku kamora ho emolisa, 'me o ea batla molekane e mong. Nku e na le konyana (kapa tse peli kapa tse tharo) ka likhoeli tse 5. Tsoalo e etsahala sebakeng se sephiring moo 'm'a le ngoana a lulang matsatsi a 3-4 pele a khutlela mohlapeng.Liphoofolo tse nyane li ja lebese bakeng sa likhoeli tse 3-4, leha li ja limela ho tloha ho khoeli. Likonyana li ikemela ha li ba le likhoeli tse tšeletseng.

Boitšoaro ba linku tsa thaba

Linku tse lithabeng li phela bophelo ba ho lula feela boinong. Mariha le lehlabula lia falla. Lehlabuleng, liphoofolo li theha lihlopha tse nyane tsa batho ba ka bang mashome a mararo, 'me mariha lihlopha tsena lia kopana' me li kenyeletsa lihlooho tse ka bang makholo.

Mohlape oa lipheleu tsa thaba ekaba tse tšehali tse holang hanyane, kapa lihlopha tsa bachelor. Hangata ba batona ba baholo ba fula ka thoko ho motho e mong le e mong. Linku li lula li mamellana ebile li le botsoalle ka har'a mohlape, leha li sa potlake ho thusana, empa haeba nku e le 'ngoe e lla, sehlopha sohle sea bokellana. Letšoao le kotsi ho batho ba baholo lea puta, ho ba banyenyane - hoa tsoa mali.

Linku tse lithabeng tse hlaha ke phoofolo e hlokolosi le ho potlaka haholo, e tsebang ho hlokomela tikoloho kamehla. Ha a le kotsing, o ipata libakeng tse ho leng thata ho fihla ho tsona. Ka bokhoni ba ho hloa mafika, pheleu ea thaba e tšoantšoa le poli ea thaba. Bolelele bo ka bang bolelele ba limithara tse peli, bolelele ke limithara tse 5.

Linku tsa thaba li sebetsa ka ho fetisisa hoseng, li phomola mots'eare, li fula hoseng le mantsiboea.

Nako eo bophelo ba mofuta ona bo leng ho eona e ka ba lilemo tse 10 ho isa ho tse 12.

Lira tsa tlhaho tsa pheleu ea thaba

Lira tse ka sehloohong tsa pheleu ea thaba ke liphiri. Lintho tsena tse jang tse ling li baka tšenyo ea bongata ba lihlapi tse ngata haholo, hobane linku tsa thaba li lula li bataletse ebile li bulehile hantle.

Ntle le moo, lira tsa tlhaho tse kang mangau a lehloa, lengau, coyotes, cheetahs, ntsu le ntsu ea khauta e ama hampe lipalo tsa Araba. Hape, liphoofolo tsena li tsongoa ka mafolofolo ke batho. Ho tlosoa ha mofuta ona ho amana le tlhahiso ea nama, matlalo le manaka a theko e boima.

Lintlha tse khahlisang mabapi le linku tsa thaba

• Linku tsa thaba ke baemeli ba baholo ba linku tse hlaha. Lebitso la Latin Latin "Amone" le khutlela lebitsong la molimo Amon. Ho latela litšōmo, ka lebaka la ho tšaba Typhon haholo, linaleli li ile tsa fetoha liphoofolo tse fapaneng, mme Amon a fetoha pheleu. Ho latela neano ea khale, molimo enoa o ne a bile a tšoantšoa le monna ea nang le linaka tse kholo le tse petelitsoeng.
• Ke ka lebaka la linaka batho ba neng ba tsoma lipheleu tsa thaba ho tloha mehleng ea khale. Pele, ka lingaka tsa setso tsa China, lipitsa tse fapaneng li ne li lokiselitsoe ho bona. Joale theko ea linaka tsa mofuta ona e fihla ho mashome a likete a lidolara.
• Linku tse lithabeng tse tsoang makhulong li lula li na le liphoofolo tse ngata, ka mor'a moo masimo a sa tšoanelehe ho fepa liphoofolo tsena. Baahi ba anngoe hampe ke phetoho ea maemo a leholimo, mariha a matla haholo ebile a lehloa. Empa ka kakaretso, maemo a liphoofolo a thata ho a latela ka lebaka la tsela ea tsona ea lithabeng.
• Linku tsa thaba li thathamisitsoe ho Red Book of Russia, ho li tsoma ho thibetsoe. Liphoofolo tsena li bonolo ho li tsamaisa, ha li le botlamuoeng li bolokiloe lipentšaneng tse nang le terata e phahameng le e matla, le likamoreng tse nang le likotlolo le linoelo. Ho khutlisetsa mefuta e mengata ea liphoofolo tse kotsing ea ho fela, li kenngoa libakeng tsa polokelo ea liphoofolo.

Tšimoloho ea pono le litlhaloso

Setšoantšo: Linku tsa thaba

Ka Selatine, Ovis ammon ke phoofolo e anyesang e nang le boea bo 'mala o mokoto eo e leng karolo ea lelapa la bovine. Lebitso "Araliali" ke lentsoe la Semongolia le bolelang "linku tse hlaha." Lebitso la Latin bakeng sa mefuta ea ammon ke lebitso la molimo Amon. Ho latela tšōmo ea Ovid, linaleli tsa leholimo tsa Olympus ka lebaka la ho tšaba Typhon o tsoetsoe hape ka liphoofolo tse fapaneng. Amon o ile a nka sebopeho sa pheleu.

Hajoale ho fanoa ka litlhaloso tse 9:

• Linku tsa thaba tsa Altai,
• Kazakhstan,
• Tibetan,
• Shan Shan,
• Pamir,
• Gobi
• Karatau,
• North China,
• Linku tsa thaba tsa Kyzylkum.

Litsebi tse ling li thathamisitse mouflon e le Ovis Amon Musimon, empa tlhahlobo ea DNA ha e netefatse sena. Likonyana tse 'maloa tsa linku tsa thaba li ile tsa lekoa ka liphatsa tsa lefutso tsa lefutso la lefutso,' me seo sa etsa hore ho fumanoe lipatlisiso tse ncha, 'me li-subspecies tse ling li ile tsa hlophisoa hore e be li-subspecies tse le' ngoe.Lilemong tse makholo a mabeli tse fetileng, palo ea mefuta eohle ea linku tsa thaba e fokotsehile.

Pheleu ea thaba e lula kae?

Setšoantšo: Linku tsa lithabeng tsa Russia

Arkhars e lula libakeng tse tšoanang bophelo bohle. Li fumaneha maralleng le matsoapong a phahametseng ka holimo ho limithara tse 1000. Lehlabuleng, ha lijo li ba teng, liphoofolo li fallela haufi le lithaba.

Linku tsa thaba li fumanoa linaheng tse joalo:

• Mongolia. Li fumanoa naheng eohle e ka bochabela ea Mongolia, libakeng tse nang le matsoapo a lithaba, lithaba, makhopho a nang le mafika a nang le mafika,
• Uzbekistan Mefuta eo pele e ne e ajoa sebakeng se seholo sa naha. Kajeno, mefuta ea liphoofolo tse setseng e phela feela ka lithaba tsa Nuratau, e leng sebaka se sirelelitsoeng ka leboea ho Samarkand. Baahi ba fokolang ba pheella bophirima ba lithaba tsa Aktau le Tamdytau,
• Tajikistan. Linku tsa thaba li teng karolong e ka bochabela, ho tloha moeling le Xinjiang, China ka bophirima, ho ea Langar ka boroa le Letša la Sarez ka leboea.
• Russia. Arkhars pejana e fumanoe libakeng tsa Transbaikal, Kurai, South Chuy, 'me ntle le sena sehlabeng sa Ukok. Haufinyane, li rekotiloe feela lirephabliking tsa Tuva le Altai,
• Pakistan. Ba phela feela serapeng sa naha sa Hunjerab le tikoloho ea sona, ho kenyeletsoa le Hunerab le Mintaka,
• Nepali. Ba lula sebakeng sa Damodar-Kund, moeling oa Tibet. E ka bolokoa sebakeng sa Dolpo,
• Kyrgyzstan Hlahisa karolo e ka bochabela ea naha moeling oa moeli le Chaena, ho tloha Kazakhstan ka leboea ho ea Tajikistan ka boroa, hammoho le likarolo tse ka bochabela tsa Tien Shan tseleng ea moeli oa Uzbek,
• Kazakhstan. E shebiloe leboea ho Letša la Balkash, karolong e ka leboea-bochabela ea naha. Baahi ba banyenyane ba teng lithabeng tsa Kara-Tau,
• India. Li fumaneha thabeng e ka bochabela ea Ladakh, sebakeng se haufi sa Spiti, 'me ka thoko karolong e ka leboea ea Sikkim, haufi le Tibet,
• China. E tsamaisoa lithabeng tse ngata tsa Xinjiang, ho kenyelletsa Altai Shan, Arjin Shan, Kara-Kunlun Shan, Tien Shan, Pamir le libaka tse amanang le tsona.
• Afghanistan. Sebaka se ka bophirima sa Great Pamirs, karolo ea bohlokoa ea Litsela tse Nyane, le tsona li fumaneha Phuleng ea Wahjir.

Sebaka sa Asia Bohareng se seholo ebile se bulehile haholo. Lithaba li aparetsoe ke khoholeho ea likhohola, 'me maralla a maholo a senyane a bolokehile, e fana ka ponahalo e fapaneng ea liphoofolo.

Joale ua tseba hore linku tsa thaba li lula kae. Ha re boneng hore naarali o ja eng.

Pheleu ea thaba e ja eng?

Setšoantšo: Mountain Mountain Ram

Argali ke limela tsa limela ebile li ja limela, litlama le sedge. Tse tšehali le linku tse tona li ja libakeng tse phahameng tse nang le boleng bo bobe ba lijo. Ba lula libakeng tse se nang lifate, empa ba na le lijo tse ngata. Lintlha tsena tsa phepo li fana ka tšireletso khahlanong le libatana. Tse tona tse holileng, tse kholo ho tsoa ho basali le bacha, li fepa libakeng tse tlase ka lijo tsa boleng bo holimo, 'me tse tšehali li lula libakeng tse phahameng moo lijo li leng mafutsana.

Linku tse lithabeng li tloaetse ho phela moo ho ommeng, moea o fokang le moea o matla oa lapeng la tsona le lithaba. Batho ba baholo ba baholo ba ja likhalase tse 16-19 tsa lijo ka letsatsi Limela tse khethiloeng ke pono li fapana ka bolelele le sebaka. Libakeng tse phahameng, hangata li ja joang le sedge. Libakeng tse mahareng tse mahareng, ba fepa khafetsa lihlahleng tsa mesophyte le litlama. Litoropong tse tlase le lithoteng tsa lehoatata, joang le sedge lia hlola, empa tsa mefuta e fapaneng ho feta libakeng tse phahameng.

Naheng ea Kazakhstan, makhasi, makhasi, litholoana, lipalesa li bohlokoa bakeng sa ho fepa linku tsa lithabeng ho pholletsa le selemo, ha li ntse li le ling kaofela, e ba tlatsetso ea lijo e sa tloaelehang. Arkhar e hloka metsi, e seng bothata bakeng sa linku tse lulang libakeng tse phahameng, moo lehloa le qhibilihang khafetsa mme ho na le melapo e meholo ea metsi. Libakeng tse omeletseng, ba ka tsamaea libaka tse telele ho ea batla metsi.Linku tsa thaba le tsona ka boithatelo li sebelisa mobu oa letsoai.

Likarolo tsa sebopeho le mokhoa oa bophelo

Setšoantšo: Asia Mountain Ram

Arkhar ke liphoofolo tsa balisa 'me hangata li fumanoa ka lihlopha tsa liphoofolo tse peli ho isa ho tse 100. Mehlape e arotsoe ke thobalano, ntle le nako ea ho ikatisa. Boholo ba baahi bo bonts'a palo e kholo ea batho ba baholo ba baholo, e nang le karolo e fetang halofo ea baahi, mme ke 20% feela ea banna ba baholo le 20% e 'ngoe ea bacha baarali.

Tse ling tsa linku tsa lithabeng li itsamaela li le ling, empa boholo ba tsona li fumanoa mehlapeng e nyane. Basali ba nang le bana ba phela ka lihlopha tse kholo, hangata ho fihla ho batho ba 92, ntle le mehlape e nang le liphoofolo tse ka bang 200.

Taba e khahlang: Tsena li khutsitse haholo, ha li mabifi ho mefuta e meng, le liphoofolo tsa bophelo. Litho tsa mohlape li tla latellana, 'me hangata li tla batla ho ikopanya le linku tse ling.

Ka linako tse ling, mehlalu ea falla, haholo-holo e tona. Boholo ba ho fallisoa ho amana le ho fokotseha hoa nako mehloli ea lijo, leha ho ata ha likokoanyana tse llang, komello e matla kapa mollo, ho ts'oaroa ha liphoofolo le palo e kholo ea liphoofolo le tsona li ka baka malapa.

Linku tsa thaba, e le molao, li nyoloha ka bongata nakong ea lehlabula. Linaka ke karolo e hlahelletseng ho batona. Nakong ea thipa, ba batona ba thulana le lihlooho tsa e mong, empa ke ka seoelo a lemalang hampe. Le hoja lintoa tse joalo li ka ba bakela hlooho e bohloko!

Sebopeho sa sechaba le ho ikatisa

Setšoantšo: Mohlape oa linku tsa thaba

Ho sesa ho ka etsahala ho tloha ka Mphalane ho fihlela bohareng ba Pherekhong, hangata nako e telele libakeng tse tlase. Ho nyaloa ha sethepu. Ntoa ea banna ba babeli ba holileng tsebong ke taba e tebileng. Liphele li ile tsa thulana ka linaka, 'me maoto a eona a ka pele a moeeng, a sebelisa matla a lekaneng ho otleng e le hore e utluoe e le hole ho isa ho 800 m.

Taba e khahlang: Tse tšehali li fihlella ho kena bohlankaneng ba le lilemo li 2, mme e tona e le lilemo tse 5. Phapang ena ea utloahala, hobane tse tona li tlameha ho hola ho feta tse tšehali pele li tsoala.

Tse tona tse matlafalitsoeng (tse fetang lilemo tse tseletseng), tse kholo ka ho fetisisa mohlapeng, lia hola, 'me tse tona li lelekisoa nako ea basali. Hang ha matla a borena a se a thehiloe, e motona e ea ho mosali 'me e mo phahamela ka matla. Ho nyala ho qala hoo e ka bang libeke tse peli ho isa ho tse tharo kamora ho qala ha thipa. Tse tona li ka lula sehlopheng sa tse tšehali ka likhoeli tse peli kamora ho fela ha nako ea kemiso.

Nako ea kemaro e nka matsatsi a fetang a 165. Ho hlaha ha ngoana ho hlaha ho elella bofelong ba Hlakubele kapa Mots'eanong. Boholo ba subspecies bo tsoala konyana e le 'ngoe, leha mafahla a sa tloaeleha bakeng sa mefuta e meng, hape le linyeoe tsa nako e ts'oanang ea tsoalo e ts'oanang le tse likete tse hlano li tlalehiloe. Ha a hlaha, likonyana li le boima ba li-kilo tse 2,7-4.6. Konyana e sa tsoa tsoaloa le nku e tšehali li lula nakoana ha tsoalo e etsahetse, mme ka le hlahlamang ba tsamaea hammoho.

Ho phahamisa boima ba 'mele ho potlakile haholo,' me ka letsatsi la tsoalo, likonyana li na le boima ba makhetlo a 10 ho feta nakong ea tsoalo. Tse tšehali ka kakaretso li fihlela bongata ba tsona ka lilemo tse peli, empa tse tona li tsoela pele ho hola ka lilemo tse ling tse peli. Meno a mabele a ntsifala ha a le lilemo li ka bang likhoeli tse tharo, ka meno e felletseng ka likhoeli tse tšeletseng. Ka nako eo, likonyana li qala ho fula, empa linku-mme li ntse li tsoela pele ho li fepa lebese. Linku tse ngata tse lithabeng li phela lilemo tse hlano ho isa ho tse 10.

Lira tsa tlhaho tsa linku tsa thaba

Setšoantšo: Konyana pheleu, kapa argali

Leano la polokeho ea linku tsa thaba ke bongata. Tse tona tse baholo li potlakile ebile li potlakile ho feta tse tšehali, 'me ha li utloe tlhoko e khethehileng ea ho qoba lipholao. Ka hona, li khetha libaka tse tlase ho feta tse batloang ke linku tse tšehali le tse nyane tsa thabeng. Ke ka seoelo ba sebelisang linaka tsa bona ho itšireletsa ho libatana. Monyetla o ka sehloohong o sebelisoang ke argali ha o hlasela libatana ke sefofane se potlakileng. Kaha e tšohile, nku e le 'ngoe e ka lula e sa sisinyehe ho fihlela tšoso e fela.Sena se fapane haholo le boits'oaro ba linku tsena mohlapeng ha kotsi e etsa hore li mathe le ho tlola.

Ka lebaka la boholo ba tsona bo boholo, tse tona tsa linku tsa thaba li qhomela hampe 'me hangata ha li sebelise ho tlōla ho pholoha, leha e le tse nyane le liphoofolo tse nyane li sebelisa mokhoa ona. Maoto a malelele a matla a thusa linku tsa thaba ho tsamaea ka mefuta eohle ea sebaka. Li lula libakeng tse sa fihlelletsoeng ke libatana, ka mohlala, li phahame maralleng kapa lifotong tse nang le mapheo a matle tse ntle.

Linonyana li tsoma lipheleu tsa thaba:

Linku tse nyane tsa thabeng li fetoha liphofu tsa linonyana le linonyana tse kholo tse kang ntsu le ntsu ea khauta. Ntle le moo, linku tsa lithabeng li tsongoa ke batho ba bolaeang li-artiodactyl ka mafolofolo bakeng sa ho ntšoa ha linaka tse theko e phahameng, nama le matlalo. Har'a liphoofolo, liphiri li nka sebaka sa pele ho senya linku tsa lithabeng, tse atisang ho sebelisa maemo a mariha a mariha (mohlala, lehloa le tebileng) ho tšoasa linku tsa thaba. Ho qoba ho bolaoa ke liphoofolo, liphoofolo tse mohlapeng li tsamaea hammoho 'me li lula sehlopheng.

Mokhoa oa bophelo

Ho ka khetholloa baahi ba babeli ho palo ea linku tsa thaba tsa Altai. Oa pele ke basali le bacha, oa bobeli ke ba batona. Nakong ea moalo, e qalang ho tloha ka Pherekhong ho fihlela ka Pherekhong, tse tona li qothisana lehlokoa, li otla sera ka linaka mahlakoreng le sefubeng.

Lira tsa tlhaho ke mangau a lehloa le liphiri.

Boemo ba baahi le mefuta ea tsona

Foto: pheleu ea thaba e shebahala joang?

Palo ea batho ka kakaretso le bongata ba mefuta e fokotsehile. Ho fokotseha ha palo ea lipōli tsa thaba ho sokela batho ba bangata ba li jang, joalo ka makhoaba a lehloa, a itšetlehileng haholo ka botsitso ba linku tsena.

Baahi ba lipōli tsa lithabeng ka naha:

• Afghanistan. Linku tse 624 tse lithabeng (87% ea tsona li fumanoe lits'oants'o tse nyane. Palo eo kaofela e hakantsoe hore ke batho ba 1 000. Li-120-210 tsa batho ka bomong li boetse li bonoa karolong e ka bophirima ea Great Pamir,
• China. Ho latela litsebi tse ling, palo eohle ea li-Armali Chaena e tloha ho 23 285 ho isa ho 31,920. Le ha bafuputsi ba bang ba qotsa palo e nyane haholo. Lipalo tsohle li ipapisitse le likhakanyo tsa methapo, 'me ha ho motho ea ka bolelang ho nepahala,
• India. Linku tsa linku ha li na seoelo Sikkim mme ka linako tse ling li ea sebakeng sa Spiti feela. Batho ba 127 ba fumaneha sebakeng sa polokeho le horali e fetang 200 200 ho Ladakh,
• Kazakhstan. Ho hakanngoa hore pakeng tsa 8,000 le 10,000 karolong e ka leboea-bochabela ea naha, 250 lithabeng tsa Kara-Tau, le palo e sa tsejoeng ho Tien Shan,
• Kyrgyzstan. Ho na le batho ba 565 karolong e ka bophirima ea linonyana le linku tse 6,000 tsa lithabeng karolong e ka leboea-bochabela ea Kyrgyzstan. Lithuto tsa mmuso li hakantse palo ea baahi hore e ka ba 15, 900
• Mongolia. Ho latela liphuputso tse entsoeng ke Academy of Science ka 2001, linku tse ka bang 10,000 - 12,000 tse lutseng sebakeng sa Gobi naheng ea Mongolia le 3,000 - 5,000 libakeng tse ling tsa naha,
• Nepali. Baahi ba bonyenyane, ha ho na likhakanyo tse nepahetseng tse boletsoeng,
• Pakistan. Palo ea liphoofolo naheng e ntse e sa tsejoe, empa mohlomong e ka tlase ho batho ba 100,
• Russia. Lithabeng tsa Altai karolong e ka boroa ea Russia, ho na le liphoofolo tse 450-700 tse arolelanoeng ka makhetlo a mangata, ha ho e 'ngoe ea tsona e fetang liphoofolo tse 50. Ho boetse ho na le linku tsa lithaba tse 80-85 ka har'a Altai Reserve, tse 150-160 libakeng tse holimo tsa linoka tsa Sailugem Ridge, le batho ba 40-45 ba matsoapong a Ridge ea Chikhachev Riphaboliking ea Tuva,
• Tajikistan. Ho ea ka likhakanyo, palo eohle ea Tajikistan e ne e le 13,000-14 000. Ho feta moo, letsoalo la batho ka bo-mithara le le leng ke le phahameng ka ho fetisisa haufi le moeli le China,
• Uzbekistan Ho fihlela batho ba 1800 ba pholohile, bao 90% ea bona e fumanoang moqomo oa Karatau.

Altai ram: Tlhaloso

Ho tloha khale, linku tsa Altai tsa thaba li na le mabitso a mangata. E bitsoa linku tsa Altai ka bobeli, le li -aliali, le tsa Altai. Har'a mabitso ohle a phoofolo ena e hlomphuoang ho na le "pheleu ea Tien Shan."

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Joalokaha ho se ho boletsoe, nku ea Altai ke nku e kholo ka ho fetisisa. Kholo ho motho e moholo e ka fihla lisentimitara tse 125, le bolelele ba limithara tse peli. Tsena ke li-herbivores tse matla tse nang le linaka tse lumellanang. Li hahelletsoe ka pheleu ea Altai, e sephara haholo ebile e koaheletsoe ka hohle hore metheo e sekame ka pele. Ka nako e ts'oanang, karolo e kholo ea lenaka ke loop ea lenaka e shebileng ka morao ho phoofolo.

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Linaka li bapala karolo e kholo karolong ea pheleu. Ka thuso ea bona, phoofolo ha e itšireletse khahlanong le lira tsa tlhaho, empa hape e nka karolo lintoeng tse pharalletseng nakong ea tlhahiso.

Joalo ka baemeli bohle ba lelapa la pheleu, pheleu ea thaba ea Altai ke herbivore. Motheo oa lijo tsa hae ke likomkomere tse fapaneng, sedge, buckwheat le litlama tse ling. Mariha, ha ho se na phepelo e nepahetseng ea lijo, liphoofolo li itsamaisa. Ka ho khetheha, ba theoha lithabeng 'me ba fula makhulong. Ho fumana lekhulo le loketseng, linku tsa Altai tsa thaba li ka falla li ea bohōle ba lik'hilomithara tse 50.

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Habitat

Kajeno, ho na le lintlha tse tharo feela lefatšeng moo u ka bonang poli ea thaba ea Altai:

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• Sebakeng sa Chulshman.
• Sebakeng sa lithaba tsa Saylyugem,
• Karolong e pakeng tsa Mongolia le China.

Ha ho bolele hore libaka tseo linku li lulang ho tsona li sirelelitsoe ka hloko ebile ke sebaka sa poloko.

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Sebaka se ratehang sa lipōli tsa thaba ke libaka tse phahameng. Ka nako e ts'oanang, ha ba hloke limela tse ngata - ba tla ba ba lekaneng lihlahla tse nyane tse tsoang lits'oants'o tsa tse pota-potiloeng ke tsona.

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Nakong e chesang, linku tsa lithabeng li ka ja makhetlo a mabeli kapa a mararo, empa ha e le ho nosetsa, se fapaneng le sena ke sena - li tlatsa mehloli ea metsi 'meleng ea bona ka matsatsi a mararo.

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Ts'ireletso ea linku tsa thaba

Setšoantšo: Linku tsa thaba ho tsoa Bukeng e Khubelu

Arkhar e kotsing ea ho tloha libakeng tsohle tsa eona, haholo-holo ka lebaka la tahlehelo ea tikoloho ka lebaka la ho fula le ho tsoma ka bongata. Joaloka pheleu e kholo ka ho fetisisa lefats'eng, ke papali e amohelehang har'a litsomi. Li thunngoa ka lebaka la nama, linaka tse sebelisitsoeng morieng oa setso oa China le matlalo. Bosholu ba mabitso bo ntse bo tsoela pele ho ba bothata bo boholo (mme ho thata ho bo laola). Linku tse lithabeng li ile tsa bolaoa ka leboea-bochabela ho Chaena, Siberia e ka boroa le likarolo tsa Mongolia.

Taba e khahlang: Linku tsa lithabeng li sirelelitsoe hohle ke mekhatlo ea tikoloho mme li teng ho Buka e Lefubelu ea machabeng e le mefuta e tlokotsing. E boetse e behiloe Bukeng e Khubelu ea Russia.

Linku tsa thaba e kenyellelitsoe ho CITES Sehlomathiso II, ntle le subspecies O. a. nigrimontana le O. a. hodgsonii, e kenyellelitsoeng ho Sehlomathiso sa I. Ho boloka mefuta, libaka tsa polokelo ea tlhaho li thehoa moo ho tsoma ho thibetsoeng ka botlalo. Linku tsa thaba li mamella bokhoba hantle ebile li tsoala bana. Ho fetisoa ha maloetse ho tsoa ho liphoofolo tse ruiloeng ke ntho ea bohlokoa e amang bongata ba batho. Litšokelo tsena ha li bonahale li fapana haholo hara lihlopha tse fapaneng, leha libaka tsa bolulo li sa tšoane.

2 Mefuta ea mefuta

Sechabeng sa bo-ramahlale, ha ho na tumellano ea hore na mefuta ea lintho tse phelang le lihlahisoa li joang. Ba bang ba etsa tlhahiso ea ho arola liphoofolo ho latela litšobotsi tsa morphological, tse ling - ho latela liphatsa tsa lefutso. Ho fihla joale, mefuta e 7 ea mantlha e fumanoe, e atileng ka ho fetisisa e hlahisoa ka har'a tafole:

Sheba lebitso	Sebopeho le Tlhaloso	Setšoantšo se bonoang
European mouflon	Phoofolo e boima bo ka bang 50kg le bolelele ba 'mele e bolelele ba 120-125.' mala oa fetoha nako le nako: lehlabula le le bosootho bo bosehla, mariha le betsoa lehlohlo le lengata. Mpa e lula e tšoeu kamehla. Pheleu e na le linaka tse ntlafalitsoeng tse nang le bolelele ba cm 60-65. Boholo ba tsona li na le sebopeho sa selikalikoe. Tse tšehali ha li na linaka. Li lula libakeng tse phahameng tsa Corsica le Sardinia, hammoho le Europe e ka boroa
Mouflon ea Asia	Li na le bolelele ba 'mele tse 50 cm le boima ba li-80 kg. Kholo ea pheleu ha e pona ke lisenthimithara tse 90-92. Linaka li katse e katlasetsoe ka lehlakoreng le leng, e na le motheo o tiileng. Ho tse tšehali, linaka li na le 'mala o kopanetseng, li boreleli ebile ha li sothehe. Seaparo sa boea se sootho, se 'mala o mofubelu kapa o mofubelu oa khauta. Mariha, e nchafatsoa ka moriti o lefifi.Karete e e etelang ea subspecies ke moqomo o motšo phuleng le mohoete oa tarry o nang le moriri o mosoeu. Sebaka sa kabo ea tlhaho ke Transcaucasia, Azerbaijan, Armenia, Turkmenistan, Tajikistan, ho ea fihla Leoatleng la Mediterranean le India
Cypriot Mouflon	Mefuta e meng ea mouflon e haufi le ho fela. Ka 2016, palo e ne e le batho ba likete tse 3. O lula Kupro
Qoso	E fumaneha Asia Bohareng le libakeng tse phahameng tsa Kashmir. Hangata e kopantsoe le mouflons a Asia. Hangata sutu ena e sootho. Ho banna, sebaka sa sefuba le molala o ka tlase li ntšo. Lipheleu li kholo: bolelele - 145-150 cm le kholo ea mitha. Mefuta e meng e boima e fihla ho 90 kg. Liphoofolo tse ntle tse mosa li na le maoto a malelele le a maleletsana. Linaka tse karolong ea 30-31 cm, bolelele ba 80-85 cm. Li lula haholo Asia Bohareng
Argar	Har'a baemeli ho na le linatla tse bolelele ba limithara tse peli le bolelele ba 1,1-1.8 Pamir batho ba boima ba lik'hilograma tse 180. Karolelano ea boima bo phahameng ka ho fetisisa e kopantsoeng ke boima ba 60-65 kg ka bolelele ba 1,3 m le bolelele ba limithara tse 0.9-1. Linaka li na le tšusumetso e kholo ka boholo, ho fihla ho 15% ea boima kaofela. Bolelele ba tsona ka linako tse ling li fihla ho 2 metres. Sehlopha se tšoeu se llela molaleng. Mmala oa mantlha o fapana ho tloha ho brown sootho ho isa ho putsoa sootho. Mefuta e kenyelletsa mefuta e ka bang 9 ea linku tsa thaba
Lehloa la lehloa	Tikolohong ea tlhaho e fumanehang Siberia Bochabela. Sutu eo e busoa ke 'mala o lefifi, o bobebe ka mpeng le ka hare ho maoto. Li khetholloa ke 'mele o matla le oa mesifa. E motona e moholo o boima ba li-kilo tse 150, 'mele o na le bolelele ba limithara tse 1.9. Mehlape e meholo ka ho fetisisa e lula Chukotka le Kamchatka. Mefuta - hlooho e boholo bo bohareng, molala o mokhuts'oane le botenya, litsebe tse makhethe. Maoto a makhuts'oane, a matla. Linaka tse ka bang 1 m li bolelele bo harelaneng ka tsela e khahlisang, 'me lipheletso li ea kantle. Halofo e tšehali ea lenaka e se e le khutšoane hape e tšoana le sekele
Linku tse tsoang	Ba lula libakeng tse phahameng tsa Amerika Leboea. Li kholo ka boholo, li na le hlooho e kopanetsoeng le litsebe tse nyane. Mohatla ha o bonahale. Maoto a na le mesifa, a matla, a makgutshwane. Karolo e khethollang ke linaka tse boreleli tsa twirir e sarolohang ho fihlela ho bolelele ba 1,2 m. Boima ba tsona bo ka bapisoa le boima bohle ba 'mele. 'Me sena se ka ba ka bang 140kg. Tse tšehali li nyane, eseng tse fetang 90 kg. Linaka tsa morao ke tse nyane, tse bopehileng joalo ka sekele. Ha ho futhumetse tlelaemete, ke moo liphoofolo li tsamaeang hantle haholo. Hangata 'mala o sootho ka' mala o bosoeu bo bosehla. Mpa le lirope tse tlase li bobebe ka hare
Linku Tse Ntle Kapa Dalla	Ho fapana le bo-mphato ba bona ba lithabeng, ba na le linaka tse bolelele ba limithara tse ngata. Ba inama butle-butle. Boima ba phoofolo bo fihla ho 145 kg. E arotsoe ka li-subspecies tse peli: e tšoeu le e putsoa ka matheba a tšoeu. Li fumaneha ho pholletsa le Alaska ho ea fihla leboea-bophirima ho United States.
Se-altaic	Moemeli e moholo oa li-subspecies tse fumanehang, o bua ka argali. Argali a lula Altai le Tuva feela. Kantle ho Russia li fumanoa naheng ea Mongolia. Ho fihla joale, liphoofotsoana tse 3 li se ntse li phela moeling oa China, Mongolia le mokolokoto oa Saylyugem. Tsena ke batho ba mosa, ba meneelitsoeng ka mokhoa o lekanang, ba bolelele ba 115-125. Boholo ba banna ke 200 kg, mme basali ba 110 kg. Tona tse tsofetseng li na le linaka tse bolelele ba 150 cm, mme li na le bolelele ba cm 50-55. Li na le kobo e boreleli ea boea, ho tloha botenya bo bosootho ho isa ho sootho. Sebaka sa Belly le mohatla se tšoeu

Mofuta oa nama ea linku

Tšobotsi ea mantlha ea liphoofolo tse joalo ke tlhahiso e kholo ea nama kamora ho hlaba liphoofolo.

Batho ba emelang tataiso ena ba atile haholo 'me ba khona ho nona kapele. Boima ba liphoofolo tse nyane tsa liphoofolo tse ling tsa nama ka likhoeli tse 'ne li ka fihla ho tloha ho 40 ho isa ho 60 kilos. Nku ea linku e ka ba boima ba li-kilos tse 150, le linku tsa tataiso ena ho fihlela ho li-kilos tse 80. Ka tloaelo, liphoofolo tsa mefuta e joalo ha li na boikhethelo ka bobeli ka mokhoa oa furu, le maemong a ts'ehetso ea tsona 'me ha li hloke tlhokomelo e hlokolosi haholo.Ka sehloohong fepa ka rasio oa linku nama e na le furu e tala fumana ka linaheng tse fula, le mariha - ho tloha silage, fepa ka motsoako le lijalo motso. Ho khothaletsa keketseho ea boima ba linku, linku li fuoa mefuta e khethehileng ea ho fepa.

Likotsi tsa liphoofolo tsa tataiso ea mofuta ona oa linku ke maikutlo a liphoofolo tsena ho liphetoho tse batang tsa mocheso, ka lebaka leo, ka nako ea mariha a batang, ba hloka likamore tse koetsoeng le tse ommeng bakeng sa ho li boloka. Ka sehloohong sebelisa monyetla bohlokoa oa linku nama ke nama le litšobotsi tse phahameng phepo e nepahetseng 'me tatso le sieo hoo e ka bang ka ho feletseng lera mafura.

Naheng ea rona, mefuta e latelang ea tlhahiso ea nama ho tsoetseng linku e fumane botumo bo batsi: Dorper, North Caucasus, Texel, Gorky, Tien Shan, Marney march.

Ho lokela ho hlokomeloe mofuta o joalo oa dorper, oo, leha ho na le lipontšo tse ntle tsa tlhahiso, ha o e-so tloaelehe haholo naheng ea rona. Litsebi hlalosa sena e le hantle hore purebred pedigree dorper liphoofolo li romeloa linaheng tse ling 'me ba fihle Russia ho tloha Europe, ka makholo a e bontšoa theko bona tse phahameng, e leng ke ka hare ho li-euro le leng le likete tse halofo ka ho ikatisa ka bomong.

Mehlape ea linku tsa tataiso ea lebese

Lebitso "linku tsa lebese" ha lea nepahala ho hang. Linku tse ling tse lebese ha se ka batloang leholo har'a dimela tsa lebese sebetsa. Lebese la linku e le sesebelisoa se tala se sebelisoa haholo bakeng sa tlhahiso ea chisi. Mabapi le lipontšo tsa boleng, lebese la liphoofolo tsena le tlaasana haholo le tsa likhomo. Ka lebaka leo, e ka ba nepahetseng ho feta ho bitsa ena mefuta e fapaneng ya liphoofolo tse ruuoang smushochno-lebese.

Li-Smoothie li bitsoa matlalo a likonyana a nkiloeng ho malinyane a mararo ho isa ho a mane. Tlhokahalo ea baetsi ba letlalo bakeng sa matlalo ana e phahame haholo. Leha ho le joalo, ho sebediswa ha smushki fana ka karolo feela ea chelete eo. Taba ke hore leha e se na litšila, nku e ntse e tsoela pele ho lactate, e lumellang mong'a eona ho fumana chelete e kenang habeli (ho tloha ka thekiso ea matlalo a likonyana le ho tsoa lebeseng la lebese la linku).

Linku tsa tataiso ea "milky-smushka" e khetholloa ke tlhahiso e phahameng ea lebese.

Karakul bakang oa linku

E mong le e motšehali o fana ka lilithara tse ka bang lekholo tsa lebese. Mathata a bohlokoa a liphoofolo tsena a kenyelletsa libaka tse fokolang bakeng sa ho tsoala ha tsona ka lebaka la hore liphoofolo tsa mofuta ona oa mofuta o ikhethileng li ka mamella feela leholimo le chesang le le omileng.

le linku tse ling ho ikatisa ka tsela ena, ka mohlala, libakeng tsa libaka bohareng ba naha ya rona e itlhomme pele ho ea fokotseha bohlokoa ka tlhahiso bona.

Mefuta e tummeng ea lebese la linku Russia e emeloa ke mefuta e latelang: Sokolskaya, Karakul le Reshetilovskaya.

Lipheleu li lula kae ka tlhaho?

Linku tse hlaha a ke a phele feela linaheng tse sa Lefatše Northern le ahe ho foothill le lithaba le libaka tsa Greece le Turkey, Afrika Leboea le Spain, Crimea le Kazakhstan, Pakistan, Afghanistan, Russia le India. Mefuta e meng ea linku tse khanyang e lula mahoatateng. Mefuta e mengata ea Europe ke e fumanehang Caucasus, Pamir, Tien Shan le Altai. Ho phaella moo, linku tse atile Kamchatka, Transbaikalia le Bochabela Siberia, hammoho le lithabeng tsa Tibet le tsa Himalaya. K'honthinenteng ea Amerika Leboea, sebaka sa tlhaho sa phallo ea tlhaho se hokahane le lebota le tšesaane la lebōpo la Pacific, ho tloha Mexico ho ea Alaska.

Sebaka sa linku tse ruuoang lapeng ke hoo e batlang e le lik'honthinente tsohle, ntle le libaka tse fumanehang tsa Antarctica le libakeng tse chesang tse mongobo tse phahameng. Kajeno, linku le linku li hōlisetsoa dinaheng tsohle tsa Europe le Asia, tsa Amerika, New Zealand le Australia.

Liphoofolo tse lulang maemong a tlhaho li hokahane sebakeng se itseng 'me ha ho mohla li tsoang. Nakong ea selemo, linku tse hlaha li etsa liphetoho tse bang teng ka linako tse itseng tsa selemo, li nyoloha li le holimo ka likhoeli tsa lehlabula ebe li theohela liphuleng nakong ea mariha a mariha.Mohlape oa linku hlabula o akaretsa lipheo tse 30, 'me ha mariha a qala, lichaba tse ling li ka fihlela sepheo se ka bang sekete. Ka tloaelo, pheleu e tšehali e ntseng e hola hanyane e lula e arotsoe le lihlopha tse arohaneng tsa ba batona. Kameho e ikhethang ea boitšoaro bo kopanyang ba mohlape ke ho lula bo laola maemo a potileng. Alamo e amohetsoeng ke setho sa mohlape oa linku ke tataiso bakeng sa ts'ebetso eohle.

Ho linku tse ruuoang lapeng, ho fapana le beng ba naha, mohlape ke oa mofuta o tsoakaneng, 'me mohlape o holisoa ka matla, o hloka hore ho be le setho se le seng sa mohlape haufi. Nku e setseng e le bang e sithabetse haholo.

Likarolo tsa kemiso ea mefuta

Ho khetholla le ho hlophiseha ha liphoofolo tse hlaha tse khethiloeng joaloka lipheleu ho ferekane ebile ha ho na phoso. Mefuta e 'maloa ea linku tse hlaha e tloaelehile ka tlhaho. Ka kakaretso, mafika a kang Mouflon, Arkhar, Ugency le a mang a mangata a bitsoa lithaba, hobane boholo ba tsona li lula libakeng tse lithaba ebile li ikamahanya le maemo hore li tsamaee. Mefuteng e meng ea linku e sephiring, e linaka tse telele ebile e linonyana li tšesaane. Ho aroloa ha mefuta ena ho etsoa ho latela sebopeho sa manaka le sebopeho sa tlhahlobo.

Hlokomela! Ka lebaka la hore ka lebaka la ho thunya ho sa laoleheng, palo ea linku tsa lithaba e ile ea qala ho fokotseha haholo, libakeng tse ngata tsa lefats'e liphoofolo tsena li ile tsa nkuoa tlas'a tšireletso, ka lebaka la tsona mehlape ea tsona e qalileng ho hola. Sena se bonahala haholo tikolohong ea tlhaho.

Mefuta ea linku tse hlaha

Bo-rasaense ba litsebi tsa liphoofolo ba hlokomela liphoofolo ka tsela e fapaneng. Sehlopha sa kakaretso se ntse se le sieo. Ba bang ba arolelana mefuta ho latela kamano ea morphological, mohlala, ho latela sebopeho sa linaka. Ba bang ka palo ea li-chromosome le sebopeho se ikhethileng sa DNA. Leha ho le joalo, ba bangata ba na le maikutlo a hore mouflon ke moqapi oa linku tsohle.

Mouflon

Mouflon ke pheleu e nang le linaka tse loebehlanang. Ke linku tsohle tse ruuoang lapeng tse tsoang ho mofuta ona. Ho na le lipeeletso tsa mantlha tse 'maloa:

1. Mouflon ea Europe. Mmele oa hae o ka fihla ho cm cm, le boima ba 50 kg. 'Mala oa boea o ipapisitse le linako tsa selemo. Bokhubelu bo khanyang - 'mala oa lehlabula, o sootho - "mariha. Linaka tse tona li tsoetse pele haholo, li ka ba bolelele ba cm 65. Ho tse tšehali, ka lehlakoreng le leng, linaka ha li na letho. Mouflon e lula karolong e ka boroa ea Europe, hammoho le lithabeng tsa Sardinia le Corsica.
2. Mouflon ea Asia. Boima ba pheleu ena bo khona ho fihla ho li-kilos tse 80, bolelele ba eona e le 1.5 m, 'me bophahamo ba eona ha e pona ho fihla ho cm 90. Linaka tsa pheleu ea thaba ea Asia ke li-trihedron ebile li sothehile haholo phetohong e le' ngoe. Bophara ba botlaaseng bo ka fihla ho cm cm 29. Ho tse tšehali, linaka li nyane, li batla li bataletse ebile ha li sothehe. 'Mala o oa boea bo botšo - o sootho, mariha o ba lefifi haholoanyane. Litšobotsi tsa sebopeho sa mouflon ena ke lesela le lefifi le tsamaeang ka morao le mohala o motšo o nang le moriri o bobebe. Asia mouflon e atile ka boroa ho Turkmenistan le Tajikistan, Transcaucasia. U ka kopana le eena India, Iran, Armenia, Azerbaijan.
3. Cypriot mouflon. Phele ea hlaha e neng e le haufi le ho bolaoa lekholong la bo20 la lilemo. Ho mo tsoma ka mafolofolo ho ile ha etsa hore mefuta eo e se e batla e felile. Ke batho ba 1200 feela ba ileng ba baloa ka 1997. Empa ka selemo sa 2016, palo ea batho e ne e se e nyolohile ho liphoofolo tse likete tse 3. Sebaka seo mouflon ena e lulang ho sona ke Cyprase.

Mefuta e meng

1. Qoso. Boholo ba pheleu ena e hlaha ha e pona e ka fihla ho 1 m, le bolelele ba 1.45 m, boima bo ka fihla ho 85 kg. Manaka a e tona a ho fihlela ho 1 m ka bolelele, ka motheo oa cm 30.5. Mariha, kobo eona e sootho, 'me nako kaofela ha e sootho. Phapang e kholo ho tloha ho linku tse ling kaofela ke 'mala o moputsoa oa sefuba le molala ka pele. Ho na le mefuta e tšeletseng ea likhetho tsa. Phoofolo ena e lula linaheng tse kang India le Iran, Tajikistan, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan le Afghanistan.
2. Linku tsa Argali kapa tse hlaha. Linku tse kholohali. Bolelele ba 'mele bo ka ba bolelele ba cm cm 200-200, le bolelele bo pona ha bo 95-120, boima - 70-180 kg.Tse tona le tse tona li na le linaka tse kholo tse tšekaletseng; tse tona li na le bolelele bo bolelele ba lisenthimithara tse 190. Ka tlhaho, ho na le mefuta e 'maloa ea phoofolo ena: Tien Shan, Altai, North Chinese, Tibetan, Gobi, Kyzylkum, Amur, Kazakhstan. 'Mala oa seaparo o ipapisitse le li-subspecies. Mebala e tloha ho lehlabathe le lesesaane ho isa ho putsoa. Khoele e sootho e sootho e matha le eona. Lesale le bonolo la boea le khabisa molala oa argali, 'me mane e na le boea bo bolelele. E qeta habeli ka selemo. Phoofolo ena e atile Asia Bohareng le Bohareng. Naheng ea Russia, linku tsa thaba li ka fumanoa karolong e ka boroa ea Siberia. Arkhar e thathamisitsoe ho Red Book of the Russian Federation.
3. Lehloa la lehloa. O na le molala o mokgutshwane le boima bo lekaneng bo lekaneng, bo ka fihlelang ho tse 150 kg. Bolelele ba 'mele bo fihla ho 188 cm, ha e pona ho fihlela lisenthimithara tse 110. Linaka tsa pheleu li phuthoe ka reng ebe e ka ba bolelele ba 1 m ka bolelele. Lits'oants'o tsa linaka li batla li sa bonahale. Ho tse tšehali, linaka li khutšoane ebile li tšesaane ka bophara. Mmala o lefifi, o sootho. E ajoa karolong e ka bochabela ea Siberia.
4. Nku e tlotsitsoeng kapa nku e bordorn. Boima ba 'mele bo tloha ho 75 ho isa ho 145 lik'hilograma,' me bolelele ba eona ke cm 110, 'me bophahamo ba eona bo batla bo le bolelele ba lisenthimithara tse 115. Linaka li katoa ka lehare' me li fihla bolelele ba lisenthimithara tse 110. Linaka tse tona li ka ba boima ho fihlela ho 14 kg. Mmala oa boea bo sootho ka 'mala o mosehla kapa o sootho. E ajoa Amerika Leboea, ho tloha Canada ho ea California.
5. Dalla-maoto kapa pheleu Dalla. Liphoofolo tsa mofuta ona li nyane ka boholo. Bolelele ba 'mele ho fihlela ho 175 cm, boima - 140 kg. Linaka li tšesaane ebile li telele, li ka hola ho fihla ho cm 110 ka bolelele. Habitat ho tloha Alaska ho ea Colombia. Dalla e arotsoe likarolo tse peli tsa subspecies. Ho ipapisitsoe le subspecies, 'mala oa seaparo o soeufetse ho fihlela o sootho botala.

Mefuta ea tataiso ea mafura a linku

Ka tsela e 'ngoe, linku tsena li bitsoa mohatla o mafura. Li ka khetholloa habonolo ho tse ling kaofela ka boholo bo tiileng ba sac sac ea mafura sebakeng sa matsoai. Naha ea liphoofolo le nama ea mafura ke linaha tse nang le likarolo tse rarahaneng tsa boemo ba leholimo, ka mohlala, e re, Tajikistan le Afghanistan. Maemo a leholimo a ommeng le ho ba sieo hoa masimo a tloaetseng ho fula ke lisosa tsa mefuta ena ea linku. Karolo e ka sehloohong ea liphoofolo tse mafura ke boholo ba tsona bo boholo haholo (baemeli ba mofuta ona ke bona ba baholo har'a mefuta eohle ea linku)

Karolo ea bona ea bobeli ea bohlokoa ke ho feto-fetoha ha maemo ha liphoofolo tsena ho mofuta o mong le o mong o batang oa leholimo. Ho joalo, mme tšobotsi ea boraro ke bonolo ba bona ba phepelo

Boemong ba tsona ba mantlha, linku tse nang le mafura a hopotsang likamele. Mohatleng oa mafura oa linku tsena, ntle le mafura, ho na le limatlafatsi tse ngata tse lumellang liphoofolo tsena (joalo ka likamele) ho hloka metsi le lijo matsatsi a mabeli kapa a mararo.

Ntle le moo, li hlaseleha habonolo ke mafu a tšoaetsanoang mme li khona ho fepa makhulo a bulehileng selemo ho pota.

Likotsi tse ka sehloohong tsa liphoofolo tse joalo li kenyelletsa tsoalo ea tsona e tlase. Ho bana ba linku tse nang le mafura a mangata, ho tloaelehile haholo ho ba le konyana e fetang e le 'ngoe. Kotsi e 'ngoe ea linku tsa mohatla o mafura ke boleng bo tlase ba boea ba tsona, bo batlang bo sa rekisoe.

Mefuta e tsebahalang haholo ea nama le tataiso e mafura ea ho alosa linku e kenyeletsa: Jaidar, Edilbaev le Hissar.

Boima ba 'mele ba motho e moholo oa mohatla o tloha ho 110 ho isa ho li-kilos tse 190. Tse tšehali ka lehlakoreng lena la basali, leha li shebahala li le betere ho feta banna, li ntse li fihla ho 75 ho isa ho 90 kg. Boima ba mafura mohatleng oa mafura oa liphoofolo tsena li ka fihla ho 14 kg.

Mefuta ea tataiso ea boea ba linku

Boleng bo ka sehloohong ba liphoofolo tsena ke chai e ntle ea boea ba boleng bo batloang, kaha tlhahiso ea nama ea mofuta ona oa mefuta e mengata ka karolelano ha e bapisoa le tsela eo re seng re e behile. Leha ho le joalo, boima bo tloaelehileng ba linku tse nang le boea ba nama ke li-kilos tse lekholo, kahoo liphoofolo tsa mefuta e joalo e tsoetsoeng li loketse hantle tlhahiso ea konyana.

Boleng ba boea ba liphoofolo tsena bo etsa hore e be thepa e batloang haholo ka mor'a moo, e nkeloang tšebetsong likhoebo tsa indasteri e bobebe. O ea mesebetsing ea lipopae tsa boleng bo holimo, lintho tsa liaparo tsa ka ntle, liatlana le lihlahisoa tse ling. Ho lokela ho hlokomeloe matšoao a matle a tlhahiso ea boea linku ntlheng ena. Ho motho ka mong, o ka fumana li-kilos tse 7 - 20 tsa thepa ea rune.

Leha e na le melemo ea eona e meholo, mefuta ea boea ba nama e na le likotsi tse kholo. Ka lebaka la kobo ea tsona e teteaneng, liphoofolo tsa sebaka sena sa tsoalo hangata li hlaseleha habonolo ha li hlaseloa ke likokoana-hloko tsa letlalo.

Ntle le moo, linku tse boea ba nama li amana hampe le mongobo kapa, ka lehlakoreng le leng, maemo a leholimo a omileng haholo.

Melemo e kenyelletsa 'nete ea hore nakong ea mariha a batang linonyana tsena li khaotsa ho ikutloa, kaha moriri o motenya le o molelele ke tšireletso e ntle khahlanong le mocheso o tlase.

Bofokoli ba tataiso ea boea ba linku ke matla a manala a bona, ka lebaka leo ka moo ka meaho bakeng sa tlhokomelo ea bona ho hlokahalang mapolanka a mapolanka.

Mefuta e tsebahalang ka ho fetisisa le e atileng ka ho fetisisa naheng ea rona ea ho tsoaka nama le boea e kenyeletsa: Altai, Stavropol, Grozny, Askanian le Merino.

Ha ho bonolo ho re linku tsa nama le boea li ke ke tsa ithorisa ka tsoalo e ntle. Ntle le moo, linonyana tse tšehali tsa tataiso ena li fana ka lebese le lenyane, le lekaneng ho fepa konyana e le 'ngoe kapa tse peli.

Tlhahlobo e akaretsang

Linku tsa thaba li na le 'mele o mosesane o matla, ha li shebahale joalo ka nku e fepeloang hantle le e senyehileng. Ena ke phoofolo e ikhohomosang le e tsebahalang. Litšoantšo tse kholo tsa lipheleu tse nang le linaka tse lohiloeng li ile tsa fumanoa litšoantšong le litšoantšong tsa khale tsa Asia. Linku tse lithabeng tse hlaha li lula libakeng tse phahameng tsa Iraq, Iran le lithabeng tsa Caucasus. Qetellong ea lekholo la ho qetela la lilemo, mouflon ea Asia e ne e lula sebakeng sa Armenia, Crimea le linaheng tsa Hloahloeng ea Balkan.

Lebitso la Selatine bakeng sa phoofolo ena ke Ovis orientalis. Tse tona ka tlhaho ke liphoofolo tse nang le lipalesa tse matla, ka hona sehlopheng se le seng sa lipheleu tse hlaha ho na le tatellano e phahameng ea maemo. Baoatla ha ba na maemo ho latela melao e matla. Mohlape o ka ba le batho ba ka bang lekholo, ho feta moo, e tona e e kopanya feela qalong ea nako ea ho tlolelana, ebe e siea beng ka eona. Karolo e tsebahalang ea nako ea ho tlolelana ha liphoofolo: ntoa ea ba batona kapa ea ho sutumetsoa ke linaka.

Phepo e nepahetseng

Asia pheleu e hlaha ka tlhaho e fepa ka mefuta eohle ea joang. Joaloka linku tse ruuoang lapeng, linku tse hlaha li rata mefuta eohle ea lijo-thollo, haholo-holo joang ba koro bo holang sebakeng se lithaba. Mouflons a hlafuna ka mokhoa o natefeloang ke setoto sa St. John, fescue, astragalus hammoho le sainfoin le goddaughter. Litsebi tsa limela li bala mefuta e ka bang 17 ea litlama tse hlaha lijong tsa mouflons tsa Asia.

Likarolo le sebaka sa pheleu ea thaba

Linku tsa thaba li bitsoa sehlopha sa liphoofolo tsa artiodactyl - litho tsa lelapa la bovine, tse amanang ka bonngoe, ka mokhoa o ts'oanang, ho linku tsa lapeng, likhomo tsa musk le lipoli tsa thaba.

E ka khetholloa ho linku tsa ho qetela tsa thaba haholoholo ka linaka tse khahlehang, tse nang le sebopeho se chitja likarolo tsa sefapano, hammoho le sebopeho se seholohali, se sephara, maoto le matsoho a makhutšoanyane le ho hloka litelu.

Linku tse lithabeng tse hlaha, ha li bapisoa le linku tse ruuoang lapeng, e mosesaane hape linaka tsa eona li phahame. E ts'oanang le liphoofolo tsena le lipheleu tse maputsoa le manna, e leng sebopeho se pakeng tsa lipheleu tse tloaelehileng le lipoli tsa thaba.

Linku tsa thaba li khetholloa ka boholo bo mahareng le bo boholo. Ha e le hantle, kholo ka ho fetisisa ea mefuta ea tsona, eo bo-rasaense ba e balang e le supa, e hlophisitsoe ebile e fapane ho ea pele.

Moemeli e monyane haholo oa sehlopha sena ke mouflon. Liphoofolo tsena li na le bolelele ba cm 75, 'me li ba boima ba 25 ho isa ho 46 kg. Moeta-pele har'a mefuta ke Araliali - moemeli e moholo oa sehlopha sena.Baahi ba lithaba tse joalo ka linako tse ling ba boima ba 100, ba batona ho fihlela ho 900 kg, ba fihla bolelele ba limithara tse fetang.

Joalokaha u bona setšoantšong sa linku tsa thaba, boikhohomoso bo se nang meeli le mekhabiso ea liphoofolo tse joalo ke linaka tsa tsona, tse sothehileng ka tsela ea mantlha ka selikalikoe, li pharalletse ka tsela e fapaneng 'me li lebisitsoe ka lehlakoreng le fapaneng.

Mong'a linaka tse kholo le tse boima haholo (tse boima bo ka bang 35 kg) ke linku tsa thaba ea Altai, hape ke moemeli ea kholo ka ho fetisisa oa liphoofolo tse joalo (ka karolelano ea batho ka kakaretso o na le boima ba li-kilo tse ka bang 180).

Leha ho le joalo, ona ke mofuta o sa tloaelehang haholo, oo baahi ba bona e leng batho ba ka bang 700 feela. Ka lebaka la boemo bona ba litaba, ho la Russia baahi bana ba lithaba ba thathamisitsoe ho Buka e Khubelu.

'Mala oa liphoofolo joalo ka' mala oa tsona oa penta, o bohlooho bo bofubelu kapa bo bokhubedu, empa karolo ea maoto, sebaka se ka morao le mpa, maemong a mangata e pente e tšoeu.

Leha ho le joalo, ho na le mekhelo e lekaneng. Mohlala, lipheleu tse nang le maoto a mesesaane li khetholloa ke 'mala o moputsoa o motšo kapa o mosoeu,' me ponahalo e joalo e tšoantšoa le boea bo bosoeu bo bosehla.

Linku tsa lithabeng li lula ka katleho libakeng tsohle tse phahameng tsa Karolo e ka Leboea ea Lefatše, li emeloa haholo Asia, empa li fumaneha lithabeng tse ngata tsa Europe, hammoho le Afrika Leboea, li rata ho lula libakeng tse phahameng haholo, ho fapana le lipoli tsa thaba. E 'ngoe ea mefuta ea liphoofolo tsena: lipheleu tse maoto a malelele le tsona li fumaneha mahoatateng a pheletsong ea lithaba.

Mabapi le boiketlo ba liphoofolo

Lilemong tsa morao tjena, linku li felisitsoe. Palo ea baahi e ntse e fokotseha butle-butle ka mabaka a 'maloa. Taba ea pele, sena ke ho thunya ho sa laoleheng ke batho ba sebelisang masholu, 'me ea bobeli, ho hohola liphoofolo libakeng tsa tsona tsa tlholeho. Sena se bakoa ke taba ea hore likhomo li fula masimong ana, tse jang boholo ba lijo tsa argali, mouflon, jj. Sena se lebisa ntlheng ea hore liphoofolo li tlameha ho batla libaka tse ncha tsa lijo le tsa ho iphelisa. Hangata ka lebaka la sena, karolo ea mohlape e shoa matsohong a litsomi kapa libatana tse kang wolverines, liphiri, mangau a lehloa, jj.

Bakeng sa polokeho ea baahi, libaka tsa polokelo ea tlhaho li buloa moo ho thibetsoeng ho tsoma liphoofolo. 'Me kaha linku tsa lithabeng li ikutloa li le boholo ba botlamuoeng, moo li tsoalang, sena se u lumella ho eketsa palo ea mofuta. Nyeoe e tsebahalang haholo ea ho tsoma linku tsa lithabeng ka molao e bile ka 2009. Eaba sefofane sa helikopthara se oela Altai, ka holim'a sona moo ho neng ho na le liofisiri tse phahameng le bo-rakhoebo ba tsomang liphoofolo tsena. Nyeoe e ile ea phatlalatsoa hanghang, empa lekhotla le ile la hana tletlebo. Joalokaha ho hlokometsoe hanyane, ho thata ho bua ka lipalo, kaha phoofolo e hlaha ebile e phela moo ho se nang motho.

Tlhaloso ea Ram, semelo, foto. Pheleu e shebahala joang?

Boholo ba pheleu bo tloha ho 1,4 ho isa ho 1,8 metres. Ho latela mefuta ea tsona, boima ba nku bo fapana ho isa ho 25 ho isa ho tse 200, le bolelele bo pona - ho tloha 65 ho isa ho cm cm.

Tšobotsi e khethollang e hlahang mofuteng oa pheleu ke linaka tse kholo tse arohaneng tse kobehileng tse nang le likonopo tse nyane tse katamelaneng tse shebileng mahlakoreng, li lutse hloohong e nyane e telele. Linaka tsa ramone li ka fihla lisenthimithara tse 180, leha ho na le mefuta e nang le linaka tse nyane kapa e se na tsona ho hang. Maoto a matelele le a matla a entsoe ka mokhoa o phethahetseng bakeng sa ho tsamaea ka bobeli masimong a bataletseng le matsoapong a thaba. Mohatla oa pheleu o na le bolelele ba cm 7 ho isa ho 15.

Ka lebaka la boemo ba morao ba mahlo a nang le malinyane a lekanang, linku li na le bokhoni ba ho se bone tikoloho ea tsona kamora tsona ntle le ho retelletsa lihlooho. Litsebi tsa kelello li bolela hore mahlo a pheleu a khona ho bona setšoantšo. Sena, mmoho le ts'ebetso e tsoetseng pele ea monko le kutlo, e thusa linku ho fumana lijo kapa ho ipata ho sera.

Pheleu e tšehali ke nku. Phapang pakeng tsa botona le botšehali pakeng tsa ba batona le ba batšehali e bonahatsoa ka boholo ba 'mele (lipheleu li batla li le kholo ho feta linku) le linaka (ho linaka linaka li ntlafalitsoe haholo ho feta ho tse tšehali). Empa 'mala oa seaparo sa boea ha sea itšetleha ka litšobotsi tsa thobalano.Ho batho ka bomong ba mefuta, 'mala o batla o tšoana. Mmala oa nku le nku ke sootho ka sootho, e sootho, e 'mala o sekareleta, e tšoeu, e putsoa, ​​e sootho ebile e ntšo. Hoo e ka bang mefuta eohle ea linku, mpa le maoto a ka tlase a bobebe, a batla a tšoeu. Ho litho tsohle tsa mofuta, ntle le tsa mefuta e ruuoang, ho qhibiliha ka linako hoa bona.

Pheleu ea leqeleng, nku e nepahetseng

Pheleu ke phoofolo e tsamaisang mokhoa oa bophelo ba mohlape. Litho tsa mohlape li buisana ka bomong li sebelisa molumo o matla kapa molumo o ikhethang. Mantsoe a pheleu ea luma, a fapana ka molumo. Hangata, litho tsa mohlape li arohana ka lentsoe.

Nako e telele ea pheleu maemong a tlhaho e fapana ho tloha ho lilemo tse 7 ho isa ho tse 12, le hoja batho ba bang ba phela ho fihlela lilemo tse 15. Linku li phela botlamuoeng lilemo tse 10-15, 'me ka tlhokomelo e ntle li ka phela ho fihlela lilemo tse 20.

Argali (steppe mouflon)

Li-Arkhars li ne li le ngata ho Tien Shan le Altai e ka Boroa. Leha ho le joalo, lilemong tsa morao tjena, palo ea bona e fokotsehile haholo ka lebaka la mesebetsi ea batho, Altai ba ile ba nyamela ka ho felletseng.

Li-Arkhars li lula libakeng tse phahameng 'me li phela bophelo ba ho lula fatše. Haeba nako e telele sebakeng se le seng u ka fumana lijo le linku ha ho na motho ea li khathatsang, ha li lelere.

Bohlokoa! Lipheleu tsena ke tsona tse kholo ka ho fetisisa, boima ba motho e moholo li fihla ho 200 kg, mme bophahamo ba tsona ha bo pona ke 1,25 m.

Nako eo motho a phelelang ho phela ka eona eaAraliali ke lilemo tse 10-12. Ho tse tona, linaka li matla, li sotiloe ka tsela e fapaneng

Linaka tsa tšehali li tšesaane ebile li bokhutšoanyane haholo, hoo e batlang e se boreleli. 'Mala oa' mele hangata o sootho ka sootho ka mahlakoreng le ka morao, mme mpa le molala li bosoeu ba lehloa.

Ho tse tona, linaka li matla, li sotiloe ka tsela e fapaneng. Linaka tsa tšehali li tšesaane ebile li bokhutšoanyane haholo, hoo e batlang e se boreleli. 'Mala oa' mele hangata o sootho ka 'mala oa lamunu ka mahlakoreng le ka morao,' me mpa le molala li soeufala joaloka lehloa.

Lehloa (bighorn, chubuk)

'Mele oa pheleu o nyane, empa oa mesifa, o na le hlooho e nyane eo linaka tse ikhethang li hlahang ho eona. Li na le sebopeho sa banna le basali moo, li ka fihlella bolelele ba 110 cm.

Nku e bowsorn e boetse e bitsoa "rhino" kapa "chubuk". Maoto a makhuts'oane ebile a matla. Mmele o koaetsoe ke boea bo bokhutšoaane bo ba sireletsang serameng. 'Mala oa liphoofolo o na le' mala o sootho, 'mala o mosoeu o fumanoa' meleng, haholo hloohong.

Bolelele ba 'mele oa ba batona bo tloha ho 1,40 ho isa ho 1,88 m, bophahamo bo pona ke cm cm cm 85-1. Ba boima ho tloha ho tse 5 ho isa ho tse 150 tsa lik'hilograma. Tse tšehali li nyane ka boholo, bolelele ba 'mele oa tsona ke bolelele ba 126-99 cm, bolelele - 76-1100 cm. Boima ba' mele - ho tloha ho 33 ho isa ho 68 lik'hilograma.

Ba phela ka mehlape e menyenyane ea batho ba 'maloa, ka hoetla ba ikhula ka lihlopha tse kholo, empa ba sa feteng lipheo tsa 30.

Dalla (Thin)

Baran Dalla e fumaneha Amerika Leboea (ka bophirima ho Canada le lithabeng tsa Alaska). Mofuta ona o tšoauoa ke boea bo bosoeu ba lehloa, ka linako tse ling batho ba nang le mehatla e metšo le matheba a botšo ka morao le makhapetla ba fumanoa. Batho ba baholo ba na le kutu ea kutu ea 1,3-1,8 m.

Na u ne u tseba? Mofuta ona oa linku o ile oa fumanoa ka 1877 ke William Dall, setsebi sa tlhokomelo ea liphoofolo ho tsoa USA, nakong ea leeto la hae. Kamora moo, mofuta o ile oa reoa lebitso la hae.

Tse tona li boima ho tloha ho 70 ho isa ho tse 110, tsehali - ho fihlela ho 50 kg. Tse tona li na le linaka tse arohaneng, tse ntseng li tsofala le ho feta ka lilemo. Linaka tsa tse tšehali li nyane ebile li tšesaane. Ba phela ka karolelano ea lilemo tse 12.

Lipheleu tsa Dall li na le botsoalle haholo, ha li hanyetse lihlopha tsa baahisani. Tse tona le tse tšehali li lula mehlapeng e arohaneng 'me li kopaneng nakong ea kemolo.

Har'a ba batona, ho bonoa karolo e thata-thata ea molao, e khetholloang ke boholo ba linaka. Ba batona ba hlophisa litlholisano har'a bona, empa ka lebaka la likotsi tsa lehata le matla ha li na seoelo.

Ts'ebetso (Thaba ea Turkmen)

Ona ke o mong oa mefuta e nyane haholo ea linku tse hlaha, li tloaelehile Asia Bohareng. Boima ba eona ha bo fete ligrama tse 80, 'me bophahamo ba eona ha bo pona ho fihla ho cm 75.' Mala oa bona oa seaparo ke o sootho ebile o bobebe hanyane ka lehlabula.

Ho na le letheba le lesoeu ho croup, mme banna ba na le moriri o motšo molaleng le sefubeng.Manaka a banna a maholo, ka bolelele a ka fihla ho mithara e le ngoe, a nang le sebaka se ka ntle se khanyang le marotholi a manyane a loebehlanang.

Li lula matsoapong a lithaba le lithaba, moo ho nang le makhulo a bulehileng, ntle le lits'ila le mafika. Joalo ka mefuta e meng, tse tona le tse tona tse lulang naheng li lula mehlapeng e fapaneng 'me li kopana nakong ea nako ea ho tlolelana. Boimana bo nka likhoeli tse tšeletseng, ka lebaka leo konyana e le 'ngoe e tsoaloa. Linku tsa lithabeng tsa Turkmen li phela lilemo tse ka bang 12.

Mefuta ea Ovis Amone

Ho tloha mehleng ea khale pheleu e nang le linaka tse fofang e ne e nkuoa e le phoofolo e halalelang. Aries oa sehlopha sa linaleli o rehiloe lebitso la hae. Lebitso la Latin la phoofolo - Ovis Amone - e na le lebitso la molimo oa Baegepeta Amon. Linaka tse fofang tsa pheleu - tšobotsi e khethollang ea liphoofolo. Li telele, li teteane botlaaseng, hape li bohale qetellong.

Linku tse hlaha ha li na sehlopha se le seng. E 'ngoe ea tsona e khetholla lihlopha tse latelang tsa liphoofolo:

1. Mouflons: European le Asia.
2. Arkhars: Kazakhstan, Altai argali, Darwin ram, Kyzylkum, Tien Shan, Karatau. Hona ho kenyelletsa linku tsa Pamir, North China le Tibetan.
3. Urials: Ladakh, Kipame, Bukhara Urials, Ustyurt, linku tsa Turkmen.
4. Lehloa la lehloa.
5. Baran Dalla.
6. Bighorn.

Ha ho khetholoha mefuta ea liphoofolo, boholo ba liphoofolo, likarolo tsa sebopeho sa 'mele, mohatla, mofuta oa linaka le bophara ba tlhaho lia tsotelloa. Li-artiodactyls tse hlaha li na le 'mala o fapaneng, empa hoo e batlang e le mefuta eohle limpa le likarolo tse tlase li tšoeu. Tse tšehali li nyane ho feta tse tona, linaka tsa tsona ha li ntlafatsoe haholo.

Liphoofolo li lula li beha polokeho ea tsona

Ke feelaaliali le mouflon feela tse lenngoeng mapolasing le libakeng tsa polokelo ea liphoofolo, mefuta e meng e shoa kholehong. Bakeng sa tlhokomelo, likhoele tse kholo tse nang le terata e phahameng, e tšepahalang lia hlokahala. Bakeng sa ho eketsa palo ea mehlape, ho ntse ho bolokoa mehloli. Lira tsa tlhaho ke liphiri, lynxes, wolverines.

Lithaba tsa linku tsa thaba

Li-arkhars li fapana ka hore li lula ka lihlopha tsa batho ba ka bang 100. Tse tona le tse tšehali li kopana hammoho bakeng sa ho ikatisa, athe nako e setseng, tse tona li theha sehlopha se ikarotseng ho likonyana le tse tšehali. Tlholisano lipakeng tsa ba batona ha e tšolloe mali haholo. Hangata, lintoa li tsamaea le ho otla ha linaka ka sefubeng le mesebetsing. Boimana ba mosali bo nka likhoeli tse 5, kamora likhoeli tse 4 likonyana li ikemetse ka botlalo. Nako ea bophelo ba batho ka bomong hangata e tloha ho lilemo tse 10-13. Haufinyane, linku tsohle tsa lithabeng li nkuoa ka lebaka la ho thunya ho sa laoleheng.

Tlhomamiso

Linku le lipheleu tsa mefuta e fapaneng li ka kopanngoa ka sehlopha se le seng ho latela mofuta oa boea ba boea. Ho na le linku tse tharo feela le linku ho ea ka tšobotsi ea tsona ea boea: moriri o motšo, boea bo botle bo botle bo bokhutšoaane. Ka lehlakoreng le leng, mefuta e meraro ea boea e arotsoe ka likarolo tse latelang tsa tlhahiso (tlhahiso ea boea, nama kapa lebese):

• Boea
• boea bo nang le boea
• nama le boea,
• nama le malelele
• nama le shorthair,
• nama le mafura
• kobo ea nama le boea,
• smushnye,
• nama-boea-lebese.

U ka fumana tlhaiso-leseling e batsi ka mefuta e fapaneng ea liphoofolo tsena ka lingoloa tsa karolo ea rona. Sengoliloeng se seng le se seng se na le lifoto le livideo tse tla u lumella ho fumana leseli le qaqileng la mofuta le litšobotsi tsa lona.

Li-coarse-hair

Mofuta ona oa linku haesale e le mohloli o sa feleng oa letlalo la linku le nama. Liphoofolo li fepa lebese hantle, hape li ea mafura le smushka (matlalo a likonyana). Mofuta ona o kenyelletsa Karakul, Eldibaevskaya, Kuchugurovskaya, Tuvinskaya, Andean, Karachaevskaya, Lezginskaya. Mofuta o tsebahalang oa mahoashe ke Romanovskaya. Ke ea mefuta ea boea-boea ba nama. Linku tsa mofuta ona li ja li-ruble tse likete tse 10 ka hlooho.

Boea bo botle

Ka mofuta ona oa linku, bolelele ba lesela la boea bo bolelele ba 9 cm, mme botenya bo ka ba 25 microns. Bakeng sa lisentimithara tse le ngoe ho na le li-curls tse ka bang 7. Linku tsa Manych merino, joalo ka Soviet merino, ke mohloli oa boea ba boleng bo holimo.Ntle le moo, mafika a Salskaya, Stavropol, Altai, Askanian, Transbaikal, Caucasian, Krasnoyarsk le South Ural ke tsa boea bo botle. Tse tsejoang hape ke Volgograd, Vyatka, Mountain ea Dagestan le Prekos.

Ke halofo

Bolelele ba boea ba linku tse 'mala o motle haholo ka linako tse ling bo fihla ho 20 cm, empa ho ea ka ho thatafala le ho saroloha ho fapana haholo - ho tloha ho bonolo le ho bobebe ho isa ho bohareng ba bohare. Tlhaloso ea mefuta e melelele ea moriri, ka mohlala, joalo ka Kuibyshevskaya, Serussia, Caucasian Leboea, Soviet, Gorky kapa Gorno-Altai, u tla fumana karolo ea rona. Sebakeng se le seng, lisebelisoa tse nang le lifoto, ho tla khonahala ho bala ka tlhokomelo le tlhokomelo e nepahetseng ea liphoofolo tsena.

Sebaka sa bolulo

Lithaba tsa horali li phela, joalo ka molao, libakeng tse nang le lithaba le libaka tse lithaba tsa Asia Bohareng le Bohareng, li nyoloha ka bophahamo ba limithara tse likete tse 1,3-6.1 ka holim'a bophahamo ba leoatle. Phoofolo e nyane e sa tebang e lula Himalaya, Pamirs le Tibet, hammoho le Altai le Mongolia. Haufinyane, mefuta ea liphoofolo tse joalo tsa artiodactyl e ne e pharalletse, 'me lithaba tsa lithaba li fumanoe ka bongata karolong e ka boroa ea Siberia Bophirima le Bochabela, le karolong e ka boroa-bophirima ea Yakutia.

Hajoale, tikoloho ea likhalase e itšetleha haholo ka litšobotsi tsa subspecies:

• subspecies Ovis ammon ammon e fumaneha lits'ebetsong tsa lithaba tsa Gobi le Mongolia Altai, hammoho le litseng le maselateng a setereke sa East Kazakhstan, Southeast Altai, Southwest Tuva le Mongolia,
• subspecies Ovis ammonium e fumaneha Kazakh Highlands, ka leboea ho Balkhash, Kalba Altai, Tarbagatai, Monrak le Saur,
• subspecies Ovis ammon hodgsonii e fumaneha sebakeng sa Tibetan Plateau le Himalaya, ho kenyeletsa Nepal le India,
• subspecies Ovis ammon karelini e fumaneha Kazakhstan, hammoho le Kyrgyzstan le China,
• subspecies Ovis ammon rolii o lula tikolohong ea Tajikistan le Kyrgyzstan, China le Afghanistan,
• subspecies Ovis ammon jubata o lula libakeng tse kholo tsa Tibetan,
• li-subspecies Ovis ammon cevertzóvi li lula karolong e ka bophirima ea lithaba tsa Kazakhstan, hammoho le libaka tse ling tse sebakeng sa Uzbekistan.

Linku tsa lithaba li khetha libaka tse bulehileng hantle, li li lumella ho solla matsoapo a lithaba tsa steppe le libaka tse nang le majoe a piedmont, hammoho le makhulo a matala a lithaba, a khabileng hantle ka lihlahla tse makhasi. Hangata phoofolo e anyesang e nang le matsoho a nang le khomo, e sa tebang hangata e fumaneha lilibeng tsa majoe le liphuleng tse nang le mafika. Li-Arkhars li leka ho qoba libaka tse khetholloang ke mekotla e teteaneng ea limela tse nang le mapolanka. Karolo e khethollang ea subspecies tsohle ke ho falla ha linako tse itseng ka nako e itseng.

Hoa thahasellisa! Lehlabuleng, li -aliali li nyolohela libakeng tse sebakeng se phahameng sa lithaba, tse nang le limela tse ngata tse nang le joang, le liphoofolo tsa mariha, ho fapana le moo, li theoha masimong a matala a lehloa.

Ke mefuta efe ea linku e nang le molemo ka ho fetisisa bakeng sa ho tsoala naheng ea rona

Ha ho nahanoa ka melemo le likotsi tsohle tsa mefuta ea linku tse thathamisitsoeng kaholimo, balemi ba linku ba bangata ba itlhahisa ka ho hloka boithati ba botsa potso e reng: "Na ho na le mofuta oa liphoofolo tsee?

Har'a mefuta eohle ea linku e lenngoeng naheng ea rona, sebaka se ikhethang se lula linku tsa mofuta oa Romanov.

Mofuta ona o na le melemo eohle ea baemeli ba bang ba leloko la linku.

Pheleu ea Romanovskaya e na le boima bo botle (li-kilos tse lekholo), mme linku ha li tšoauoe feela ka botle bo ikhethang, empa hape le bokhoni ba ho ima hangata makhetlo a mangata. Ka peō e le 'ngoe, mofuta o mong oa basali oa Romanov o ka tsoala likonyana tse tharo ho isa ho tse hlano,' me ka malinyane a le mong ho ka ba peli ho isa ho tse peli ka selemo.

Linku tsa Romanov

Ntle le moo, boleng ba boea ba linku tsa Romanovsk ha bo tlase ho feta barekisi ba tsebahalang ba boea ba mofuta oa merino, ba sebakeng sa pele sebakeng sena sa tlhahiso ea liphoofolo.

Ha ho na ho thoe mofuta oa mofuta oa Romanov ke katleho ea lapeng.O hlahile sebakeng sa Yaroslavl, kahoo linku tse ikatisang ka kotloloho ho tsoa ho baetsi ba mofuta oa tsona li fumaneha ka botlalo hore li ka rekoa. Mofuta ona o loketse balemi ba qalang mme o tla o lumella ho nts'etsapele khoebo ea hau ea linku ho tloha qalong.

Liphoofolo tsa mofuta oa Romanov li loketse mofuta oa lijo tsa mofuta o fe kapa o fe, li na le mafu mme li khona ho ikatisa ka potlako, e ba etsang khetho e nepahetseng motheong oa litšenyehelo tsa litšenyehelo tsa tlhokomelo le chelete.

Lintlha tse khahlisang mabapi le lipheleu

• Petsana ea pheleu e na le sebopeho se sekhutlo. Karolo e ts'oanang ea litho tsa pono e bonoa ho octopus le mongooses.
• Bagerike ba boholo-holo ba ile ba ntlafatsa setšoantšo sa pheleu, ba e reha lebitso la e 'ngoe ea lihlopha tsa linaleli tsa zodiac (Aries).
• Mehleng ea khale, likarolo tse sebetsang tsa lipheleu tse etselitsoeng ho senya marako a qhobosheane li ne li etsoa ka hlooho ea pheleu. Ke ka lebaka lena polelo e tummeng mabapi le pheleu le heke e ncha ea tlang.
• Bolelele bohle ba lipheleu bo feta bolelele ba 'mele ka makhetlo a fetang a mashome a mararo.
• Mefuta e meng ea linku tsa malapeng e na le linaka tse peli, tse sa fumaneheng mefuteng ea naha.

Na u rata sengoloa? Abelana le metsoalle ea hau:

Pehelo ea morphological

Sehlopha sa morphological se arola linku ka lihlopha tse hlano: mohatla o mafura, mohatla o molelele, mohatla o molelele, mohatla o molelele, o moqotetsane. Mehatla e mokhuts'oane le e khutšoane e na le mohatla o mokhuts'oane (ho tloha ho 10 ho isa ho 22 vertebrae), ka hona, li-deposits tsa mafura a maholo kapa ho se be teng ha tsona ka botlalo liatlaneng le mohatleng.

Mehatla e melelele e melelele le e melelele e na le mehatla e melelele, empa likarolo tse fapaneng tsa lera la mafura mohatleng le libakeng tse ka morao. Hoo e batlang e le mafika 'ohle a na le meqhaka e metle ebile a se na meqhaka. Ho tse tona tse mafura a mangata, li na le mohatla o mokhuts'oane o nang le li-vertebrae tse robeli le libaka tse bolokiloeng mafura motso oa mohatla le marikhoe. Linku tsa mohatla tse mafura li ratoa haholo naheng ea Tajikistan, Uzbekistan le Asia.

Tlhaloso ea mefuta

Li-Arkhars ke mofuta o moholo ka ho fetisisa oa linku tsa lithabeng tse tsoang lelapeng la li-bovid, tseo hape li bitsoang Araliar. boima - ≈ 180 lik'hilograma, bolelele - ≈ 2 m .. Le hoja mefuta e meng ea linku e le nyane haholo. Karolo e khethollang ea Araliali ke 'mala le boholo ba linaka. Mebala ea linku e tsoa lehlabatheng le bobebe ho ea bohlooho, ka 'mele o tlase. Tšobotsi e ka sehloohong e khethollang ke letšoao le khanyang molaleng. Linaka tsa liphoofolo tsa mofuta ona li bolelele, li batla li le bolelele ba limithara tse peli. Lintho tsena tse matla li tsoa hloohong ea pheleu e nang le sebopeho se arohaneng karolong e lekanang ea boima ba phoofolo e amohelang ≈ 15% 'me e bohlokoa metseng ea litsomi.

Argar

Ho na le mefuta e 9 ea linku tsa thaba tsa mofuta ona.

1. Altai,
2. Kazakhstan,
3. Tibetan
4. Shan Shan
5. Pamir,
6. Gobi
7. Karatau,
8. China Leboea
9. Kyzylkum.

Mouflons - e arotsoe ka subspecies ea Europe le Asia. Moemeli oa Europe oa linku tsena o fumanoa libakeng tse phahameng tsa Kupro, Corsica le Sardinia. Tsena ke liphoofolo tse sootho tse nang le mobu o mosoeu. Tse tona li kholo ho feta tse tšehali, boima ba tsona li fapana pakeng tsa 40-50 kg, le bolelele ba 1.25 m. Linaka tse nang le karolo e arohaneng li fihla ka bolelele ba cm 65. Mouflon ea tsoang Asia o moholo ho feta mong ka Yuropa. Boima ba eona ke ≈ 80 lik'hilograma 'me bolelele ba eona ke The 1.5 m. Linaka li kholo ka sefapano sa terata. Lipheleu tse tšehali li nyane, hangata ha li na manaka.

Urialov ka linako tse ling e bitsoa Asia mouflon. Leha ho le joalo, palo e fapaneng ea li-chromosome e li arola. Ho baloa mefuta e 'maloa ea liphoofolo tsa mofuta ona. Li-Urials li na le 'mala o sootho ka sefuba se sootho le molala o tlase. Tse tona tse kholo li hola ho fihla ho 1,45 m ka bolelele le limithara tse ka bang bolelele. Le boima le fihla ho 85 kg. Tsena ke liphoofolo tse bonolo, tse bobebe le tse maoto a malelele. Boholo ba linaka ke ≈ 1 m ka bolelele le bophara ba bophara ba ≈ 30 cm.

Ho ikatisa ka boea ba linku

Ho molemo ho khetha baemeli ba boea ba boea pele ho kuta moriri, kaha hona ho u lumella ho lekola boleng ba seaparo le ho ata ha phoofolo ka kakaretso.Li lokela ho ba le 'mele o matla, maoto a boreleli le sebere se holisitsoeng hantle.

Ho ipapisitsoe le tlhahlobo ea tlhahiso, likarolo tse ling tse ikhethileng li ka khetholoha, ho latela khetho ea phoofolo e fapaneng kapa e 'ngoe e ts'oaroa.

• Boea bo botle bo tšoauoa ka boleng bo holimo ba boea bo phethehileng. Mesifa ea bona le mafura a 'mele ha a ntlafatsoe hantle,' me u ka lekola setho sa 'ona ka moriri o bonolo, o mosoeu le o mosotho. Ntle le moo, liphoofolo li na le letlalo le phahameng, le boea bo botle, bo etselitsoeng ho fumana boea feela empa le nama, li ka ba le letlalo le tlase, kapa le le sieo ka botlalo.
• Li-boea tse hantle li na le seaparo se tšoanang, se ka 'nang sa fapana ka ho qhekelloa, kapa ho ba bolelele. Ntle le moo, mefuta e arotsoe ka chandelier le semi-luster (ho ea ka tekanyo ea gloss ea kobo).
• Li-coarse-hair le tsona lia fapana ka mofuta oa mokhoa. Mohlala, hoa khoneha ho khetholla mofuta o omileng oa boea bo nang le tšobotsi, 'me tse ts'oanang le nama li khetholloa ke' mele o matla le matsoho. Hangata li kholo ebile li na le kobo e thata e nang le lesapo la mokokotlo.

Leha taba ea hore linku li ikamahanya le maemo a leholimo a fapaneng a leholimo, ha ho khethoa batho bakeng sa temo ea boinotšing, likhothaletso tse ling li lokela ho tataisoa. Ka ho khetheha, mofuta o mong le o mong o na le maemo a matle a ho a boloka a hlahisa litholoana ka hohle kamoo ho ka khonehang. Ho tsoa video o tla ithuta ho boloka liphoofolo hantle nakong ea mariha a mariha.

Qeto

Linku tsa thaba le tsona lia felisoa hobane ba bangata ba batla ho leka nama ea bona. Empa hangata ke linaka tse rekisoang chelete e ngata. U tlameha ho utloisisa hore letsatsi le leng le le leng la boroku ba motho le oa theoha. Qetellong, sena se ka lebisa ho feliseng mefuta ea mefuta eohle.

Mohlala, mouflons li bohlokoa temong. Li fana ka nama e khabane ebile ha li rate lijo. Ho feta moo, letlalo le bohlokoa, haholo-holo ha ho tluoa mouflons tsa Europe. Ka kakaretso li bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa indastering. 'Nete e' ngoe e khahlisang ke hore mouflon e tšela linku tse ikhethileng habonolo. Mohlala, morino oa thaba, o emeloang ke setsebi sa thuto ea Ivanov, o ka fula makhulong a lithaba selemo kaofela. Kajeno, ho ntse ho hlahisoa mefuta e mecha ea liphoofolo tsena. Sena, mohlomong, ke sona feela se ka boleloang ka linku tsa thaba le likarolo tsa tsona.

Mofuta oa linku tsa thaba

Lipheleu tse hlaha hangata ha li tlohele libaka tseo li ka lulang ho tsona, empa ho latela nako ea selemo li etsa metsamao e nyane ea selemo, li nyoloha lehlabula li nyolohela holimo lithabeng le ho tsikinyetsa mehlape ea lihlooho tse 'maloa.

'Me mariha, ba theohela mosikong oa lithaba, ba theha lihlopha tse kholo tsa lihlooho tse ka bang 1000. Tse tona le tse tšehali le bana ba tsona hangata li lula li ikhethile e le mehlape e ikhethileng. Hangata ho etsahala hore banna ba baholo, ba matla, ba itšepileng ba lule ba le bang.

Ha ho buisanoa, liphoofolo tsena ha li bontše pefo ho e mong. Ho lemosa beng ka kotsi, nku e bohlale le e hlokolosi ea thaba e khona ho fana ka matšoao a molumo. Ho lutla hoa liphoofolo ha ho na letho ebile le lentsoe le tlaase.

Ha li kopana le sera, libopuoa tsena tsa thaba li khona ho bonts'a kelello e sebetsang, li fumane tsela ea ho tsoa le ka nako ea ho baleha kotsing. Libakeng tse phahameng li tsamaea hantle, empa li khona ho tlōla habonolo ho tloha lefikeng ho ea lefikeng. Linku tsa thaba e khona ho nka bophahamo bo fetang bophahamo ba eona, 'me ka bolelele bo tloleha limithara tse 3-5.

Tšokelo ho liphoofolo tsena tsa lithabeng e ka ba linonyana tse jang liphokojoe: ntsu e nang le ntsu le ntsu, hammoho le liphoofolo tse kholo: li-cougars, mangau a lehloa le liphiri, le libakeng tse ling tsa lefats'e li-coyot, makhoaba le mangau.

Ha ho bonolo haholo ho hlola nku e thabeng, batho ba bangata ba jang liphoofolo tse ngata ba leka ho thula liphoofolo maotong a bona, 'me ba li oetse ka mohohlong, ebe ba fumana ba lemetseng kapa ba shoele ba ja.

Ho tloha nakong ea khale, nku e 'ngoe ea thaba e bile kotsi ho liphoofolo ho tsoma li-anemone tsa leoatleng bakeng sa mafura le nama, li etsa li-trophies le lipale tse ntle tse tsoang manakeng le lihloohong tsa tsona tse ntle.

Ka lebaka la liketso tse joalo, hammoho le ho ts'oaroa ha mefuta e itseng ea linku le ho ata ha likhomo, palo ea linku tsa lithabeng hangata e ile ea senyeha haholo.

Palo ea linku tsa lithabeng le tsoelo-pele ea batho e 'nile ea tobana le tsona ho tloha mehleng ea khale. Liphoofolo tsena, tse ajoang lefatšeng ka bophara, hangata e ne e fetoha bahale ba litumelo tsa khale.

'Me linaka tsa konyana ea batho ba Asia li ne li nkuoa e le ntho e mohlolo. Liphoofolo tse ruuoang lapeng li mela hantle le ho tsoaloa ntle le mathata, le ho tšela linku, ka lebaka la tsona poone e nyalisitsoeng.

Palo

Mathoasong a lekholo la bo20 la lilemo, palo ea linku tsa lithabeng tsa Altai e fihletse batho ba 600. Nakoana hamorao, palo ea bona e ile ea fokotseha haholo - ho ea ho 245. Ka mekhoa ea ts'ireletso le phalliso ea batho ba baholo libakeng tse sireletsehileng, palo ea bona e ile ea eketseha hanyane ho ba batho ba 320 ho kenyeletsoa baemeli ba bacha le ba seng ba le baholo ba mofuta ona.

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Ba lekile ho ikatisa ka maemo a maiketsetso - ka li-zoo tsa Jeremane le Amerika, empa, ka bomalimabe, liteko li ne li sa atleha. Maemong a mangata, liphoofolo li shoele libeke tse 'maloa. Nako e telele haholo e ne e le nku ea thaba, e neng e nts'itsoe ho Biological Institute of Russia - o phetse lilemo tse tšeletseng. Ho hlakile hore mofuta ona o lokela ho bolokoa feela maemong a tlhaho ho bona kapa, bonyane ka ho tšoanang haholo.

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Ho boloka mefuta, hammoho le liteko tse matla tsa ho eketsa palo ea baahi ba amehang Zoo ea Novosibirsk. Setsi sena ke sona feela lefatšeng moo motho a ka bonang linku tsa thaba tsa Altai. Taba e ngoe e khahlisang ke hore linku tse fanoeng mona li sireletsehile li fana ka bana.

Bafuputsi ba Zoo ba thehile leano la ho lema le ho lokolla likonyana. E le karolo ea ketsahalo ena, ka Loetse 2018, banna ba bane ba ile ba lokolloa sebakeng sa tlhaho, se neng se arotsoe ka thoko sefofaneng se khethehileng sa lifofane. Ketsahalo e atlehile, 'me liphoofolo tsa kena morung. Ho latela litsebi, ba lokela ho kopana le mohlape o moholo oa linku tse hlaha tse sebakeng sa tokollo, ebe ba karolo ea eona.