Tloaelo e tloaelehileng ea hedgehog
Sehlopha sa mahlale

Tloaelo e tloaelehileng ea hedgehog , kapa European hedgehog (lat. Erinaceus europaeus), ke mofuta oa liphoofolo tse anyesang tse tsoang ho mofuta oa hedgehogs oa genusan oa lelapa la hedgehog. E ajoa ka nepo Europe, Asia Minor, Siberia Bophirimela, leboea-bophirima ho Kazakhstan, sebakeng sa Amur, leboea le China leboea-bochabela.

Ponahalo

Hedgehog e tloaelehileng ke phoofolo e nyane. Bolelele ba 'mele oa hae ke 20-30 cm, mohatla - boima ba' mele oa 3 cm - 700-800 g. Litsebe li nyane haholo (hangata li ka tlase ho 3.5 cm). Moqomo o molelele. Nko ea phoofolo e bohale ebile e lula e le mongobo kamehla. Li-hedgehogs tse tloaelehileng tse lulang Cyprus li na le litsebe tse kholo. Ka mohlahareng o moholo, li-hedgehogs li na le meno a manyane a 20 a bohale, 'me ka tlase - 16. Litšiea tse holimo li hahelletsoe haholo,' me li siea sebaka sa ho longoa ke lintho tse ka tlaase. Hlooho e kholo, e bopehile joaloka sebopeho, 'me e na le karolo ea sefahleho e nyane hanyane ka hanyane. Ka li-paws, menoana e 5 e nang le mahare a bohale. Maoto a morao a telele ho feta a pele. Linoko tsa hedgehog e tloaelehileng li bokhutšoanyane, eseng tse fetang cm 3. Hloohong, linale li arotsoe likarolo tse peli ka "ho arohana". Bokantle ba linale bo boreleli, 'mala oa bona o entsoe ka mabanta a sootho a sootho le a bobebe. Ka morao, ka mahlakoreng le hloohong, linale li na le bolelele ba lisenthimithara tse peli. Ka hare li ka hare, li tletse moea. Linoko li hola ka tekanyo e lekanang le ea moriri. Pakeng tsa nale, moriri o molelele, o molelele haholo. Hlooho le mpa li apesitsoe ka moriri o harelaneng, 'me hangata li' mala o lefifi. Ho hedgehogs ea batho ba baholo, hangata masale a likete tse 5-6, ho batho ba banyenyane ba ka bang likete tse 3.

Ka sefahleho, maoto le mpa ea li-hedgehogs tse tloaelehileng, 'mala o fapana ho tloha tšoeu bo bosoeu ho isa ho ba lefifi. Li-brownish needle tse nang le metsero e metšo e metšo. Sefuba le 'metso oa hedgehog li tiile ka' mala, ntle le matheba a tšoeu a fapaneng. Li-Hedgehogs tse lulang Spain li na le 'mala o moputsoa.

Li-hedgehogs ke bo-mang?

Liphoofolo tsena li hola ho fihlela tse nyane ebile ke liphoofolo tse anyesang. Li na le moalo o bonojoana ebile o bolelele hanyane.

Mefuta Ezhovye mefuta e fapaneng ea likarolo tsa kantle tsa batho, hammoho le sebaka sa bolulo. Mofuta ona o kenyeletsaLi-tenreks le gimnurs, 'meleng oa tsona ha ho na lipono tse re tloaetseng.

Ka kakaretso, ka liphoofolo tsena, li tšoana haholo. Empa ho na le mefuta ea liphoofolo e leng ea mofuta oa Ezhov, empa kantle ka ho tšoana le bolo e haelloang.

E khahla ka li-hedgehogs

Nahana ka lintlha tse 'maloa tse khahlisang ka masea ana:

• Mocheso o tloaelehileng oa 'mele oa hae o boemong ba likhato tse 34, athe nakong ea hibernation o theoha ho fihlela likhato tse peli.
• Mmele oa lesea o hanyetsoa ka mokhoa o hlollang ke chefo, esita le e matla haholo.
• Baroma ba ile ba holisa masea ana haholo-holo hore a je. Letlalo le lona le ne le sa lahloa, empa le ne le sebelisetsoa ho kopanya boea ba linku.
• Li-heedgehogs ha li tsamaise lijo leha e le life ka linaleng tsa tsona.
• 'Meleng oa masea a hlaha ho na le likokoana-hloko tse ngata tse ka fetisetsoang ho batho ka ho ikopanya.
• Li-Serbs li sebelisa moroto oa hedgehogs e le sesebelisoa se sebetsang kalafo ea bokhoba ba tahi.

Mefuta e fapaneng ea li-hedgehogs

Mefuta e mengata, mefuta ea liphoofolo tsena e ka khetholloa, tlhaloso ea tse ling e tla hlahlojoa ka tlase:

1. Maafrika, tsena li kenyelletsa subspecies tse 'ne.
2. Steppe, li ka amahanngoa le mefuta e 'meli feela.
3. Eurasian, tsena ke mefuta e meraro, hedgehog e tloaelehileng e sebetsa ho motho e mong le e mong mona.
4. E kholo. Ho bona o ka khetholla palo e kholo ka ho fetisisa ea mefuta, e le mengata ka makhetlo a tšeletseng.

Ho na le baemeli ba bang ba mefuta, e leng li-gimnurs. Ha li tšoane le hedgehog e tloaelehileng ka ntle. Tsena li kenyelletsa genera tse hlano tse ntseng li phela ka tlhaho 'me tse tšeletseng li se li nkuoa e se e felile.

Nahana ka mefuta ea liphoofolo e tsebahalang ka botlalo.

7. Moloch

Moloch ke mokholutsoane o tsoang Australia o hōlang ho fihlela ho 200 mm mme o ka phela ho fihlela lilemo tse 20. 'Mele oa bona o koaetsoe ka hohle ka linoko tse bohale, hape ba na le hlooho e sekarele e ka morao hloohong. Re nahana hore, ntle le ho ba e 'ngoe ea liphoofolo tse futhumetseng ka ho fetisisa, Moloch le eona ke e' ngoe ea makhoaba a futhumetseng haholo.

6. Urchin ea leoatle

Li-urchin tsa leoatleng li nyane, li spiky le liphoofolo tse chitja. Ho na le mefuta ea 950 ea urchin ea leoatleng. Tsena ke boholo le mebala e fapaneng, tse lulang libakeng tse fapaneng tsa lefatše le botebo bo fapaneng ba leoatle. Ka linako tse ling batho ba kenella ka tšohanyetso mochineng oa metsi a leoatle ka metsing a sa tebang, ao haeba u khahloa ke boiphihlelo bo bohloko haholo.

Habitat

H hedgehog e tloaelehileng e lula libakeng tse fapaneng ka ho fetisisa, e qoba mekhoabo e meholo le meru e lulang e le metala ea li-coniferous. Li-prefers li phahama, li-coplect, glade tse nyane, likhohola tsa linoka. Mohlomong o lula haufi le monna. Europe, hedgehog e tloaelehileng e ka fumaneha merung e bulehileng, lithoteng tse nang le joang, lihlabeng, libakeng tse lehlabathe esita le lirapeng tsa boikhathollo.

Mokhoa oa bophelo

Hedgehog e tloaelehileng ke phoofolo e sebetsang bosiu. Ha a rate ho tloha ha hae nako e telele. Hedgehogs e qeta letsatsi sehlaheng kapa libakeng tse ling tsa bolulo.

Litlou li hahiloe lihlahla, likoting, mahaheng, likorong tsa likhoele kapa metsong ea lifate. Ka tloaelo sehlaha se bophara ba 15-20 cm; se na le matlakala a joang bo botala kapa makhasi, moss. Ka thuso ea menoana e melelele e bohareng, li-hedgehogs li hlokomela mesifa ea tsona. Liphoofolo tsa sefubeng li nyeka leleme. Tse tona li loantšana, li lebela libaka tsa tsona ka cheseho. Sebaka sa liwebsaete tse joalo ho banna ke 7-39 ha, le ho basali - ka 6-10 ha. Ho sotha ka hedgehogs e tloaelehileng ho etsahala butle, hangata ka selemo kapa hoetla. Ka karolelano, nale e le 'ngoe feela ho liphetoho tse tharo ka selemo. Lenaka le leng le le leng le hola ka likhoeli tse 12-18. Ka tlhaho, liphoofolo tsena li phela lilemo tse 3-5, botlamuoeng li ka phela ho fihlela lilemo tse 8-10.

Li-Hedgehogs ke liphoofolo tse potlakileng bakeng sa boholo ba tsona. Li khona ho matha ka lebelo ho isa ho 3 m / s, li khona ho sesa le ho tlola. Ha o tsamaea mme o matha, li-hedgehogs li theohela fatše ka maoto a tsona kaofela. Joalo ka liphoofolo tse ngata tse jang bosiu, hedgehog ha e bone hantle, empa e na le mohopolo o bohale oa monko le kutlo. Lehlabuleng, sekhahla sa pelo ke likonteraka tse 180 ka motsotso, ka hibernation, maqhubu a theoha ho fihla ho 20-60 beats ka motsotso, ha hedgehogs e nka phefumoloho e le 'ngoe ka motsotso. Ha serame se qala, li-hedgehogs tsa Europe li koala ka thata monyako oa sekoti ebe o oela hibernation. Ka tloaelo hibernation ena e tšoarella ho tloha ka Mphalane ho fihlela ka Mphalane. Nakong ea hibernation, mocheso oa mmele oa hedgehog o theohela ho 1.8 ° C. Hlabula, o hloka ho boloka mafura a mangata kamoo ho ka khonehang, hobane haeba hedgehog e tloaelehileng e hibernates ntle le phepelo e lekaneng ea mafura (ka tlase ho 500 g), ka nako ea mariha o kotsing ea ho bolaoa ke tlala. Kamora ho hibernation, ha e tlohe sehlaheng ho fihlela mocheso oa moea o nyolohela ho 15 ° C. Li-hedgehogs tse tloaelehileng li phela bophelo bo le bong, empa li atamelane.

Ka lebaka la mosebetsi oa ho etsa thuto ea hedgehog ea Europe New Zealand, ho ile ha fumaneha hore, ha ba se ba iphumane ba le maemong a macha, li-hedgehogs li "lebala" ho ts'oaroa ha tsona mme li ikemiselitse ho hlola bosiu lihlaheng tse tloaelehileng. Ntle le moo, li-hedgehogs ha li kenyeletse litholoana tsa limela tsa matsoalloa feela lijong tsa tsona, empa ka linako tse ling li ile tsa qala ho fokotsa lijo tsa liphoofolo tse tloaelehileng.

Hedgehogs

Phoofolo e nyane e tšehali e nang le mozle o molelele o bolelele ba litlhaloso ke tlhaloso e akaretsang ea hedgehog. Mofuta o khetholloa ka ponahalo le libaka tse fapaneng tsa bolulo. Liphoofolo tsena li kenyelletsa li-tenreks le gimnurs tse se nang linale tse tloaelehileng. Li-moles le li-shrews ke "baena" ba haufi haholo ba li-hedgehogs. Empa li-porcupines, leha li tšoana ka ts'ireletso, linale, ha se tsa "beng ka tsona".

Matšoao a tloaelehileng bathong bohle baemeli ba li-hedgehogs:

• bolelele ba 'mele - ho tloha ho 10 ho isa ho 45 cm,
• boima ba 'mele - ho tloha ho 300 ho isa ho 1500 gram,
• bolelele ba mohatla ho tloha ho 1 ho isa ho 21 cm,
• hlooho e kholo e nang le sebopeho
• li-zygomatic arches li hlophisitsoe, li behiloe hohle,
• sebopeho sa lehata le ka ba moqotetsane le bolelele kapa ba bokhutšoanyane ka bophara,
• mahlo le li-auricles li holisitsoe hantle,
• palo ea maqhubu - ho tloha likotong tse peli ho isa ho tse 5,
• Tšoelesa ea mofufutso ha e eo, ho na le litšoelesa tse nyane tsa sebaceous, anal
• meno a bohale, a manyane, li-incisor tsa pele li tšoana le mashala, hangata ho na le meno a 16 ka mohlahare o tlase, 20 ka mohlahareng o holimo, mefuta e le 'ngoe e na le meno a 44,
• phatla tse khutšoane ho feta maoto a morao,
• ea menoana e mehlano maotong a kamorao (ke hedgehog e 'mala o mosoeu feela e na le tse nne), tse bohareng ke tsona li telele haholo, li hlophiselitsoe ho hlatsoa linale,
• moriri o mosesane o sa tloaelehang o hola lipakeng tsa nale,
• mmala oa koae o fapana ho tloha ho lehlabathe le lesoeu ho isa ho sootho-sootho ho latela mefuta,
• Ha ba le kotsing, ba ka ikhula hore e be bolo,
• Boholo bo na le mesifa e ntlafalitsoeng hantle,
• ho ba le litsebe tse monate le ho utloa monko, pono e fokolang,
• mefuta e mengata e ka sesa,
• leha o baleha kotsi, lebelo la ho tsamaea ha le fetele 4 km / h,
• karolelano ea nako e telele ea bophelo ba hlaha naheng e ka ba lilemo tse 5, joalo ka phoofolo ea lapeng e ka phela ho fihla ho 10,
• lira tse ka sehloohong: liphiri, liphooko, mafiritšoane, makhopho, liphokojoe, mongoose, lipela tsa mahe a linotsi, ntsu, makhoaba, makhoaba, liphokojoe le tse jang tse ling.

Hoo e ka bang mefuta eohle ea li-hedgehogs li koahetsoe ka linale. Ena ke karete ea bona ea pele ea khoebo. Li-needle ke moriri o fetotsoeng. Haholo-holo e hlokomelehang ke ho tsoaloa hape ka mahlakoreng a 'mele. Li-needle tse nyane haholo le moriri o matla oa bristly li bonahala hantle sebakeng sena.

Palo ea li-needle ho batho ba baholo e ka fihla ho 10,000. Bolelele ba tsona ha bo fete cm cm 3. Li-needle ka botsona li bobebe haholo ebile li tšoarella. Li na le likamore tse ngata tse nyane tsa moea tse arotsoeng ke lipolanete. Molala o tšesaane, o bonolo o tsoa letlalong ka sebopeho sa bolo letlalong. Butle-butle e hola ho fihlela e le ka tlase ho nale, 'me e boetse e ea ntlheng ea eona. Moralo ona o tiisa polokeho ho 'mele oa phoofolo nakong ea ha e oa ho tloha bophahamong kapa khatello efe kapa efe ea kantle ho linale. Karolo e tšesaane e tsamaeang e iname, e tlosa monyetla oa ho kenella ka nale ka 'mele. Mebala ea tsona e ikhethang: ntlheng le setsoe li tšoeu, bohareng bo botšo kapa bo sootho.

Letsoela le leng le le leng le na le mosifa oa lona, ​​o khona ho le phahamisa. Phomolong, mesifa ea hlaphoheloa, 'me sekoaelo sa nale se shebahala se le betere. Ha ho na le kotsi, hedgehog e qala ho phahamisa linale, e emetse hore kotsi e fete. Boemong bona, litlhoko tsa manala li fana ka likeletso tse bohale ka tsela e fapaneng, li theha lihlomo tse thata tsa sephiri. Haeba tšokelo e eketseha, phoofolo e ikokotlela ka bolo e tsoelang pele ea nale.

Phepo e nepahetseng

Hedgehog e tloaelehileng ke phoofolo e makatsang. Motheo oa phepo ea ona o entsoe ke likokoanyana tse holileng, likokonyana, li-slugs, ka linako tse ling litsuonyana, litoeba. Maemong a tlhaho, litlatsetso ha li hlaseloe hangata, hangata ke bahlaseluoa ba hedgehog e fetoha lihahabi tse iphetotseng. Ho tsoa ho limela li ka ja monokotsoai le litholoana. Ho fapana le tumelo e tsebahalang, li-hedgehogs hangata ha li je linoha, hobane motheo oa phepo ea li-hedgehogs ke likokoanyana (ka li-hedgehogs tse lulang New Zealand, motheo oa lijo le litholoana tsa limela tsa matsoalloa). Ka 1811, P.S.as Pallas e ile ea itlama hore li-hedgehogs ntle le ho intša kotsi li ile tsa ja li-boilers tse nang le chefo e nang le chefo bakeng sa liphoofolo tse ling. Li-Hedgehogs le tsona ha li na katleho e kholo ho chefo e kang arsenic, chloride ea methapo, opium esita le hydrocyanic acid. Ho joalo, litekanyetso tse kholo haholo tsa chefo li kotsi ho li-hedgehogs, empa litekanyetso tse bolaeang liphoofolo tse ling, hammoho le batho, ha li utloise li-hedgehogs.

Litoeba, tseo ka linako tse ling li sa bolelloeng haholo ho litoeba tsa sebele, ha li fumanehe ka tlhaho le linthong tse nyane ka tlhaho. Har'a likokoanyana tse jetsoeng ke hedgehog, ho ile ha bonoa tse ling tse kotsi (ka mohlala, likokoanyana tsa May, bo-maleshoane ba nang le boea ba lefatše, likokoanyana tsa silire, likokoana-hloko tse sa sebetsoang).

Li-mahe le litsuane tsa linonyana leha e le life tse nyane tse lutseng fatše le tsona lia ja.

Tlhomamiso

Liphoofolo ke tsa lelapa la li-hedgehogs ho tloha ka taelo ea li-safetivores. Hona le mefuta e fapaneng ea li-hedgehogs (linepe le litlhaloso tsa tse ling li fanoe ka sengoloa se ka tlase). Lelapa ka bolona le kenyelletsa mefuta e 24, mefuta e 10 ea genera le malapa a mabeli a 2:

1. Li-hedgehogs tsa 'nete. E hlahisoa ke genera e mene:

1) Maafrika a kenyelletsa mefuta e mene.

• Algerian,
• e tšoeu
• Somali,
• Moafrika Boroa

2) steppe e kenyelletsa mefuta e 'meli:

3) Eurasian e kenyelletsa mefuta e meraro:

• Amur
• European Botjhabela
• tloaelehileng (European),

4) tsered li kenyelletsa mefuta e tšeletseng.

• apodal,
• India,
• molala
• nale e lefifi
• Moethiopia
• eared.

2. Li-Gymnastics, kapa li-hedgehogs tsa rat. Tsena li kenyelletsa mofuta oa batho ba phelang ba phelang le ba bang ba tšeletseng ba seng ba timetse. Ho na le mefuta e mekae ea li-hedgehogs eo batho ba ke keng ba e balloa nakong e tlang, ho thata ho bolela, empa mefuta e joalo ka pina e se e thathamisitsoe ho International Red Book. Har'a mefuta e phelang ea li-urchin tsa rat ke tsena:

• lipina
• lipina tse nyane
• Hainan hedgehogs,
• shrew hedgehogs,
• Lipina tsa Sefilipino.

Ho tsala

Kamora ho hibernation ea mariha, li-hedgehogs li qala nako ea ho tlolella. Pakeng tsa ba batona, hangata lintoa li hlaha ka lebaka la basali. Tse tona li loma maoto le matsoho, sefahleho, sututsa le ho sebelisa linale tsa bona ntoeng. Nakong ea ntoa, li-hedgehogs li hohola haholo le ho foka. Kamora ntoa, motho ea hlolang o potoloha lihora tse ngata haufi le mosali. Nakong ea botona, e tona e lula ka morao ho mosali. Bo bong ba mosali bo qetellong ea 'mele,' me botona ba monna bo kahara mpa, hobane ka sena, ha a hloke ho nyoloha e tšehali ka botlalo. Pele e tlolelana, e tšehali e tsokotsa meutloa ka hloko 'me e inama ka morao. Kamora ho tlolelana, li-hedgehogs lia qhalakana. Ha e le setšabelo, hedgehog e cheka lesoba la eona kapa e sebelisa likhoele tse lahliloeng. Ka sekoting ke litšila tsa joang bo omeletseng le makhasi.

E le molao, e tšehali e tlisa ngoana a le mong feela ka selemo. Boimana bo nka matsatsi a 49. Lintšing, hangata 3-8 (hangata hangata 4) li-cubs. Li-Hedgehogs li tsoaloa li hlobotse, li foufetse, li na le letlalo le khanyang la pinki, boima ba 'mele oa tsona ke ligrama tse 12 feela. Lihora tse 'maloa ka mor'a ho hlaha, hedgehog e na le linale tse tšoeu le tse lefifi tse bonolo. Sekoahelo sa nale e felletseng se thehiloe ka letsatsi la 15 la bophelo. Lactation e nka khoeli e le 'ngoe. Kamora hore e phethe, hedgehog e qala ho phela ka bolokolohi. Ba fetoha batho ba baholo ba kopanang le thobalano ka likhoeli tse 10-12.

Molemong le kotsi ho batho

Hdgehog e tloaelehileng e bohlokoa bakeng sa ho timetsa likokoanyana tse kotsi: har'a likokoanyana tse jetsoeng ke tsona ke maleshoane a May, likokonyana tsa semousu le mofuta o sa sililoang oa silkorm. Ka nako e ts'oanang, hedgehog e senya matsuane le mahe a linonyana tse nyane tse lutseng fatše. Ka hona, ho Outer Hebrides, li-hedgehogs tse hlahisitsoeng li fetohile likokoanyana tsa 'nete tse felisang likhoele tsa linonyana tse kang snipe, dunlin, konokono le lapwing.

Hedgehog e ka ba sesosa sa mafu a kang dermatomycosis, feberu ea mosehla, salmonellosis, leptospirosis, rabies. Malepa le matsetse a fumaneha ka bongata bo boholo ho bona. Mohlala, boithuto ba likokoana-hloko tsa iododid (bakuli ba amanang le ho ruruha ha lesapo la mokokotlo, tularemia, babesiosis ea likhomo, equine pyroplasmosis pathogens) li senotse hore li-hedgehogs ke tse ling tsa libaka tseo liboseleise li jang ka methating eohle ea kholo. Libakeng tsa meru, li-hedgehogs li bokella mites, ho kenyelletsa le encephalitis, ho feta liphoofolo tse ling, kaha sekoaelo sa eona se bonojoana, joalo ka borashe, se kopanya lisosa tsa tlala hara joang. Ho tsoa liboselereng tse nang le lipakeng tsa linale, hedgehog ha e khone ho tlosa.

Hedgehog ke mefuta e atileng haholo ka linako tse ling. E tloaela bophelo haufi le batho mme hangata e lula e le phoofolo ea lapeng. Hoa tsebahala hore Baroma morao koana lekholong la IV. BC e. li-hedgehogs li ne li hlahiselitsoe nama - e ne e apehiloe ka linale ka letsopa. Letlalo la Hedgehog le lona le ne le sebelisoa haholo moaparong oa letlalo:

Li-heedgehogs ka bobona ha li na thuso bakeng sa bophelo ba motho, joalo ka ba bangata ba rona re nahana, hobane haeba ba ne ba sena masale, matlalo a liphoofolo tse bonolo a ne a tla be a se na thuso bakeng sa batho ba shoang: Kamora tsohle, hedgehog e sebelisoa bakeng sa ho apara. Leha ho le joalo, le mona tokelo e ikhethileng ea ho rekisa sehlahisoa sena e lebisitse ntlheng ea hore barekisi ba nang le eona ba ruisa molemo ka ho fumana linepe tse ngata, ha ho bothata bo bong bo neng bo hloka hore linyeoe tse joalo khafetsa ka Ntlong ea Senate, ebile ho ne ho se na moemphera a le mong ea neng a ka be a sa tletleba ka fake hedgehog letlalo (Pliny Moholo, Nalane ea Tlhaho VIII. 135).

Melemo e meng ea setso (haholo bakeng sa lehare) e kenyelelitse molora, bile, entra kapa mali a tsoang hedgehog.

Lintlha

• Ha a kopana le ntho e nkang matla, li-hedgehogs li bonts'a boitšoaro bo makatsang bo tsejoang ka hore ke mokhoa oa ho ikoetlisa. Hedgehog e nyeka ntho ho fihlela mathe a foam a qala ho ema, ebe o e fetisetsa ho linale.
• Ka linako tse ling li-hedgehogs li sefa esita le li-butts tsa koae kapa boea ba k'hothone tse nang le litlolo tse entsoeng ka litlolo. Ts'ebetso ea boitšoaro bona e ntse e sa hlaka. Mohlomong ena ke mokhoa oa ho loants'oa likokoana-hloko.
• Tumelo e atileng ea hore li-hedgehogs li qhekella lijo ka linaleng ke phoso. (Mohlala, ke khopolo e tloaelehileng e fosahetseng ea hore li-hedgehogs li ka theola liapole kapa li-mushroom masaleng a tsona). Sengoli sa phoso ena ke Pliny Moholo, ea ngotseng Paleng ea Tlhaho:

LVl 133. Bakeng sa mariha, lijo le li-hedgehogs li bolokiloe: ha li se li roetse liapole tse oeleng, li-hedgehogs ka hona li li beha mokokotlong oa tsona, 'me, ba tšoere apole e' ngoe melomong ea bona, ba e fetisetsa likoting tsa lifate.

5. Hedgehog litlhapi

Phoofolo e pholileng ka ho fetisisa ebile e ntle ka ho fetisisa lefatšeng. Ho na le mefuta e ka bang 17 ea hedgehog, empa ho bolokehile ho bolela hore re rata mefuta eohle

Litlhapi tsa Hedgehog li ka kenya 'mele ea tsona' me ea fetoha bolo e chitja. Boholo bo joalo bo nyarosa ba bang ba ka ba tsietsang. Litlhapi tse hlaha le tsona li na le mabenyane a nchocho a supang ka ntle ha a phunyeha.

3. Moqhaka oa meutloa

Hona le mefuta ea 1,500 ea linaleli lefatšeng 'me e meng ea eona e na le li-spikes. Starfish ea Crown of Thorns ke eona e jang mefuta e meholo ka ho fetisisa ea mefuta eohle, 'me ke e' ngoe ea mefuta e meholo ka ho fetisisa ea linaleli. Ba reiloe lebitso ka lebaka la meutloa e nang le chefo e koahelang 'mele ea bona ebile e shebahala hanyane joaloka moqhaka oa meutloa. Boholo ba meqhaka ea spike hangata bo 25 cm cm.

2. Thakhisa mohatla oaka - "Armadillo"

Armadillo ke mokholutsoane oa mohloa o phallang. Li phela lithoteng tsa Afrika e ka boroa. Hoa tsebahala hore mekholutsoane ena e na le matla a maholo a ho loma hoo e ka bang ha e le hantle e robehileng mehlahare ea eona! Ntlha e 'ngoe e pholileng: ha a ikutloa a tšosoa, a ka kenya mohatla oa hae o spiky molomong oa hae mme a sireletsoa ke bolo ea spiky. Boitšoaro bona bo tšoana le ntoa ea 'nete!

Mokhoa oa bophelo

Hedgehog - mofuta oa phoofolo e lulang linaheng tsohle tsa Europe, e boetse e fumaneha Afrika, Asia, Middle East le New Zealand. Bo-rasaense ba tloaetse ho lumela hore ha e sa le khale haholo ba ne ba phela Amerika Leboea. Ha ho mohla ho kileng ha bonoa liphoofolo tsena Amerika Boroa, Antarctica, Australia le Madagascar. Sebakeng sa Russia, o ka fumana hedgehog e tloaelehileng, nale e ntso, Daurian le eared.

Ka tlholeho, liphoofolo li rata ho lula tlasa metso, metsong ea majoe, lihlahleng, marokho a lahliloeng ke litoeba kapa ho chekoa ka bo bona. Bolelele ba mekoti ena bo ka fihla ho mitha e le 'ngoe. Hedgehogs e phela bophelo bo makatsang, bo le bong. Ba robala motšehare, ba tsoma bosiu. Hole le hae u se ke oa tloha.

Mefuta eohle ea li-hedgehogs ke libatana. Lijo tsa bona li kenyelletsa:

• popane
• maleshoane
• maleshoane a fatše
• Earthworms
• linoha, ho kenyelletsa le tse chefo,
• lihoho
• litoeba
• linta tsa patsi,
• likho
• Lijo tsa limela: li-acorn, lijo-thollo, monokotsoai o hlaha, li-mushroom, moss,
• tsie,
• scorpions
• slugs
• mekholutsoane
• mahe a linonyana.

E kanna ea thetsoa ke litšila le litšila tsa lijo. Pakeng tsa April le Mphalane, hedgehog e tlameha ho fumana mafura a lekaneng ho phela hibernation ka katleho.

Ho kena bohlankaneng ho etsahala qetellong ea selemo sa pele sa bophelo (mefuta e meng, ka lilemo tse peli). Kamora ho tsoha, e tona e ea batla molekane. Nako ea ho tlolelana le liphoofolo e ka etsahala ha moea o futhumala ho fihlela ho +18 ° C. Lintoa ka lebaka la basali li bohale bo tšosang, empa ha li felle ka likotsi. Kamora ho sutumelletsa ka likhetla le ho loma maotong le sefahlehong, lihlahisoa tse fokolang haholo, li tloha lebaleng la ntoa. Kamora ho tlolelana, monna o tlohela "kharebe".

Libakeng tse ka leboea, malinyane a tsoaloa hang ka selemo, baahi ba boroa ba ka tsoala bana habeli ka selemo. Nako ea kemaro ke matsatsi a 34-60. Lintjeng e le 'ngoe ho na le masea a 3 ho isa ho a robeli. Boima ba tsoalo ke ligrama tse 12,5 feela, ba hlobotse, ba foufetse ebile ba pinki e khanyang. Lihora tse 6 kamora ho hlaha ba na le linale tse bonolo tsa pele. Libeke tse peli hamorao, liforomo tsa "prickly" li koahetse ka botlalo. Khoeling ea pele li-hedgehogs li ja lebese la matsoele feela, haufi le hoetla li qala bophelo bo ikemetseng.

Tloaelo e tloaelehileng ea hedgehog

Mofuta ona ke o mong oa o atileng haholo lefatšeng. Phoofolo ke moahi ea tloaelehileng oa lithota, lirapa le masimo a patsi. Lits'oaetso li mongobo le mongobo. Khafetsa e fumanoa haufi le bolulo ba batho, moeti khafetsa matlong a matlo a hlabula. E fepa ka sohle se e ka e fumanang. Litekanyetso tse ka sehloohong tsa mofuta oa hedgehog e tloaelehileng:

• bolelele ba 'mele - 20-30 cm,
• bolelele ba mohatla - ho fihlela 3 cm,
• boima ba 'mele - ho fihlela ho ligrama tse 800,
• mmala - ho tloha mohloaare o moputsoa ho lefifi ,,
• bolelele ba nale - ho fihla ho 3 cm.

Sebaka sa "banna" ke banna ho tloha ho lihekthere tse 7 ho isa ho tse 40, bakeng sa basali ke tse itekanetseng haholoanyane - ka lihekthere tse 10. Ho qala ha serame ho etsa hore liphoofolo li koale monyako oa sekoti ka hiti. Ka nako ena, mocheso oa 'mele oa hedgehog o theohela ho 1.8 ° C. Liphoofolo li robala ho tloha ka Mphalane ho fihlela ka April. Nakong ea selemo, hang hang ha mocheso oa moea o futhumala ho fihlela ho +15 ° C, ba qala ho tsoa mink. Ho pholoha mariha, phoofolo e hloka ho tsamaea ho isa ho ligrama tse 500 tsa mafura.

Ho kena bohlankaneng ho etsahala ha a le selemo. Boimana bo nka matsatsi a 50, ho beleha ho etsahala ho tloha ka Mots'eanong ho fihlela Mphalane. Ho ka ba le li-hedgehogs tse ka bang 10 ka ho silila. Haufi le bo-mme ba bona ba ho isa khoeling e le 'ngoe le halofo. Tebello ea bophelo e fihlile ho lilemo tse 5.

Moafrika oa sebata

Ho mefuta eohle ea li-hedgehogs (linepe tsa liphoofolo tse anyesang tse ngotsoeng) molemong oa mofuta oa Afrika, "pygmy hedgehog" e hlile e batla ho tseba. E fumaneha ho Mauritania, Nigeria, Sudan, Ethiopia Senegal. Tlhaloso:

• bolelele ba 'mele - ho fihlela 22 cm,
• bolelele ba mohatla - ho fihlela ho 2,5 cm,
• boima ba 'mele - ligrama tse 350-700,
• 'mala - o sootho kapa o putsoa,
• seke oa hibernate.

Mahlo ha a maholo, litsebe li pota-potile, tse tšehali li na le tse kholo ho feta tse tona. E etsa molumo o khutsitseng, o lerata kapa o lerata, empa ha o le kotsing o ka hoelehetsa haholo. Liphoofolo tsa mofuta ona li bolokoa e le liphoofolo tsa lapeng.

E kholo

Ho mefuta e tšeletseng ea eyedgehogs (setšoantšo se ka tlase) Russia, ke e le 'ngoe feela e nang le nale e lefifi. Liphoofolo li khetholloa ke litsebe tse telele tse ntseng li hola ho fihla ho 5 cm. Tlhaloso:

• bolelele ba mmele - 12-27 cm,
• phela boima - ho fihlela ho 500 dikgerama,
• bolelele ba nale ka hare ho 2 cm.

Hangata, "litsebe tse nang le mahlo" li khetha ho tsamaea ka sefofane e le tšireletso, ho e-na le ho khohlela. Mofuta ona o rata mahoatata, lithota tse matsaranka, li-steppes tse omileng. Likhetho tsa ho lula haufi le li-aryks tse lahliloeng kapa makhapetla a mongobo. E fepa likokoanyana, li-vertebrates tse nyane, monokotsoai, litholoana, lipeo.

Gimnura

Pina e tloaelehileng e emela mofuta o ikhethileng oa li-urchin tsa rat. Tlhaloso:

• bolelele ba mmele - 26-45 cm,
• boima ba 'mele - ligrama tse 500-2000,
• bolelele ba mohatla - 15-30 cm.

Mahlakore le morao li soeufala, 'mala, hlooho le morao tsa mohatla li tšoeu. Mohatla o koahetsoe ke sekala le moriri o harelaneng. Ha ho na lipono tsa pina ea pina. E lula merung ea tropike ea Asia Boroa-bochabela. E fepa ka liphoofolo tse nyane, lihlapi, lihoho le litholoana.

Lintlha tse khahlisang

Ho na le lintlha tse khahlisang ka hedgehogs:

• mocheso o tloaelehileng oa 'mele ke 34 ° C,' me nakong ea hibernation, e theohela ho 2 ° C,
• mmele oa phoofolo o loana le chefo e fapaneng, ka hona, li-hedgehogs li khona ho sebetsana ka katleho le noha e chefo,
• Baroma ba ne ba phahamisa li-hedgehogs bakeng sa nama, kahare le mali li sebelisoa e le moriana, letlalo le boreleli le ne le sebelisetsoa ho kopanya moriri oa linku,
• li-hedgehogs ha li tsamaise liapole kapa li-mushroom lijong tsa bona, sena ke tšōmo,
• Likokoana-hloko tse ngata li lula ho liphoofolo, bo-rasaense ba bile ba sebelisa li-hedgehogs ho ikarabella bakeng sa palo ea batho ba malimabe libakeng tse fapaneng tsa leholimo,
• Li-Serbs li sebelisa moroto oa hedgehogs e le pheko ea joala,
• "lihlomo" tsa spiny li ntlafatsoa selemo le selemo ke karolo ea boraro.

Hedgehog: tlhaloso, sebopeho, litšobotsi. Hdgehog e shebahala joang?

Ho latela sehlopha sa zoological, li-hedgehogs ke liphoofolo tse anyesang tse ling, tatellano ea li-hedgehogs, lelapa la hedgehogs.

Bolelele ba hedgehog, ho latela mofuta oa eona, bo tsoa ho cm 10 ho isa ho 44. Hape, boima ba hedgehog bo ka tloha ho ligrama tse 300 ho isa ho tse 1.5. Phoofolo ena e na le mohatla, 'me mohatla oa hedgehog o hola ho tloha ho 1 ho isa ho 21 cm ka bolelele.

Hlooho ea hedgehog e kholo haholo, e bopehile joaloka sebopeho, 'me sefuba se bolelele, se khabisitsoe ka nko ea mohala ea hedgehog e lulang e le metsi.

Meno a hedgehog, leha a le manyane, a bohale haholo. Ka tloaelo ho na le meno a 20 ka mohlahareng o kaholimo le 16 ka tlase. Meno a mabeli a holimo a maholo a bile a shebahala joalo ka fang. Le ha mefuta e meng ea li-hedgehogs e na le meno a ka bang 44. Joale o tseba karabo ea potso, hedgehog e na le meno a makae?

Maoto a morao a hedgehog a malelele ho feta pele, maoto ka leng a na le menoana e mehlano. Phapang e le 'ngoe feela ke hedgehog e' mala o mosoeu, e nang le menoana e mene feela marong a eona. Li-Hedgehogs ke liphoofolo tse hloekileng mme nako le nako li hloekisa li-needle tsa tsona ka thuso ea menoana e melelele e bohareng.

Meutloa e bohale kapa li-needle tsa hedgehog ke mokhoa oa hae oa khoebo, mofuta oa karete ea phoofolo ena. Li li sebeletsa ka bobeli bakeng sa ts'ireletso khahlanong le libatana - nakong ea koluoa, li-hedgehogs li ikobela bolo, ka ntle moo ho nang le meutloa e sa khaotseng, le bakeng sa ho tsamaisa phepelo e fapaneng ea lijo - li-hedgehogs hangata li hlaba liapole kapa li-mushroom ka sindong tsa tsona ho li fetisetsa minkong ea tsona.

Ka karolelano, hedgehog e 'ngoe le e' ngoe e na le lipono tse ka bang 10,000. 'Mala oa li-needle tsa mefuta e mengata ea li-hedgehogs o lefifi mme o bobebe metsero. 'Mala oa boea ba hedgehog, ho latela mofuta oa ona, o ka ba o sootho, o lehlabathe, o sootho kapa o soeufetse.

Ho ba phoofolo ea bosiu, hedgehog ha e bone hantle, empa e na le monahano o hlasimolohileng oa monko le kutlo.

Le ha li-hedgehogs e le liphoofolo tsa naha, li khona ho sesa le ho hloa lifate hantle.

Li-hedgehogs li lula hokae?

Li-Hedgehogs li lula lefatšeng ka bophara, li ka fumaneha hohle Europe, ho tloha Scandinavia ho ea Mediterranean, naheng e chesang ea Afrika, Asia esita le New Zealand le Australia.

Joaloka libaka tsa bolulo, li-hedgehogs li ka phela ka bobeli merung le mahoatateng. Ha ba tšabe ho ba haufi le batho, 'me ka linako tse ling ba ka bonoa lirapeng tsa boikhathollo tsa literopo.

Li-hedgehogs li ja eng ka tlhaho?

Lihoete ke liphoofolo tse hlasimolohang tse jang litholoana tse fapaneng (liapole, liperela, fragole, linaoa, makhapetla), li-mushroom, moss, acorn le liphoofolo tse ling: likokoanyana tse kholo (likokoanyana, likhohlo, litsie, litsie, lipulumo tsa lefatše), mahe a linonyana. Mefuta e meholo ea li-hedgehogs e ka tsoma mekholutsoane, lihohoana, litoeba. Kaha e khona ho loantšana le chefo, li-hedgehogs hape li hlasela linoha tse hlabang le liphepheng.

Li-Hedgehogs ho bohlokoa haholo ho nona hantle nakong ea lehlabula le hoetla, ho fumana mehloli ea mafura, ho seng joalo li ka shoa nakong ea mariha a hibernation, moo li oelang joalo ka libere ha ho qala mariha a mariha. Ke phepelo e ntle ea mafura e lumellang li-hedgehogs hore li lule li le maemong a phetisetso (lebitso la saense bakeng sa hibernation liphoofolong) ho fihlela selemo.

European hedgehog

Ke hedgehog ea tloaelehileng, setho se tloaelehileng ho lelapa la hedgehog. Bolelele ba 'mele oa hedgehog e tloaelehileng ke 20-30 cm, le boima ba 800. E lula ho pholletsa le Europe, leha ho le joalo, e ka fumanoa linaheng tse ling tsa Asia.

Hedgehog ea Europe Bochabela

Ka ponahalo, e tšoana haholo le hedgehog ea Europe, empa e na le 'mala o fapaneng hanyane, e leng, bokapele ba molala le mpa e bobebe. E hola ho fihla ho 35 cm ka bolelele ba 1,2 kg. Ha e lule feela Europe Bochabela ka bo eona, empa hape le ho Urals, hammoho le linaheng tse 'maloa tsa Middle East.

Nako e telele-nale ea hedgehog

Hedgehog ena e rehiloe lebitso la eona esita le ho litekanyetso tsa hedgehog, nale e telele le e tenya. Bolelele ba linale tsa hae ke lisenthimithara tse 4-4.2. Li-needle ka botsona li na le 'mala o fapaneng, o ka ba o bobebe kapa o motšo. Bolelele ba 'mele oa hedgehog ena ke 22-27 cm, ka boima ba 500 ho isa ho 900 g. E lula Middle East, Hloahloeng ea Arabia. E thathamisitsoe ho Buka e Khubelu ea Uzbekistan.

Daurian hedgehog

Ena ke stepd hedgehog e lulang ho tloha litepising tsa Transbaikalia ho ea Mongolia le China leboea. Ho fapana le li-hedgehogs tse ling, mesaletsa ea mofuta ona e khuts'oane, lehlabathe kapa e sootho. Kobo ea hedgehog ena ke ea bohlooho kapa e sootho ka 'mala.

Mokhoa oa ho fepa hedgehog lapeng?

Ha lijo tsa hedgehog, nama e tala, e halikiloeng, sebete se phehiloeng le tlhapi e sa tsoakoang li nepahetse. Joaloka lino, u ka mo fa maphele, liboko tsa phofo kapa lilakane. Hape, li-hedgehogs li tla thabela ho ja liapole le lihoete.

Hangata batho ba ipotsa hore na li-hedgehogs li ka ba le lebese. Rea araba: che, ha ho khonehe, li-hedgehogs ha li na mamello ea lactose, e lebeseng, ka hona lebese le ke keng la baka mpa ea leqoopheng hedgehog, empa le lebisa lefung la hae.

Hedgehog

Mofuta ona o atile haholo lefats'eng lohle. Sena ke moahi oa lithota, hangata sebata se ka fumaneha lipakeng tsa litoropo, merung. Phoofolo e leka ho qoba libaka tse mongobo.

Reference. Hangata, liphoofolo tsena li ea litsing tsa matlo ho ea batla lijo. Haeba u lakatsa, u ka kopanya hedgehog ka ho mo etsetsa ntlo le ho mo siela thepa ea hae khafetsa.

Hoo e ka bang tsohle tseo a ka li fumanang lijong tsa sebata sena. Sebaka sa monna e mong le e mong o lula ho tloha ho lihekthere tse 7 ho isa ho tse 40, tse tšehali li itekanetse ntlheng ena, li na le sebaka se lekaneng ho fihlela lihekthere tse 10.

Ha boemo ba leholimo bo bata bo qala, masea ana a matenya a koala monyako o kenang ka tlung ea bona ebe oa akheha. Ts'ebetso ena ea hlolla. Mohlala, mocheso oa 'mele oa phoofolo o theoha ho likhato tse 1,8. Hibernation e nka nako e telele ho tloha ka Mphalane ho fihlela ka Mphalane. Ba qala ho tloha matlong a bona ha mocheso oa moea o futhumala ho isa ho likhato tse 15. E le hore a pholohe mariha, lesea le hloka ho eketsa phaello ea mafura.

• Ho itokisetsa ho ba le bana ho etsahala ha selemo sa pele sa bophelo se fihla.
• E tšehali e emetse matsatsi a 50, mme nako ea tsoalo hangata hangata ka Mots'eanong - Mphalane.
• Hangata ho na le masea a sa feteng leshome.
• Haufi le mme, li-hedgehogs li ho fihlela li fihla khoeli le halofo, ebe li ea bophelong bo ikemetseng.

Ba phela lilemo tse ka bang 5.

Bana ba Lehoatata

Moemeli oa mofuta ona o labalabela ho tseba, setšoantšo sa sona se ka bonoa ka tlase. Phiramiti ea Afrika ea African pygmy hedgehog ha e hibernate, ho fapana le ba bang ba beng ka eona.

Bacha ba etsa molumo o khutsitseng joalo ka ho sutumetsa kapa ho hlaba litlatse, empa ha ba ikutloa ba le kotsing, ba ka hoelehetsa haholo. Baemeli ba mofuta ona hangata ba tlisoa e le liphoofolo tsa lapeng.

Nale e telele

Joalokaha lebitso le bolela, baemeli bana ba mefuta ba na le liponopo tse telele, esita le litekanyetso tsa hellish. Li-needre ha li bolelele feela, empa hape li teteane. Bolelele ba nale e ka fihla cm 4-4.2.

Bohlokoa. Mofuta ona o thathamisitsoe ho Buka e Khubelu ea Uzbekistan.

Algerian hedgehog

Li-hedgehogs tsa Algeria li boetse li bitsoa li-hedgehogs tse lelera le li-hedgehogs tsa Afrika Leboea. Ba lula Afrika Leboea ho tloha Sahara ho ea Libya le Morocco. Ba boetse ba lula libakeng tse ka boroa tsa Fora le Spain. Ntle le moo, li-hedgehogs tsena li ile tsa kenngoa Malta le Lihlekehlekeng tsa Canary.

Ka bolelele, li fihla lisentimitara tse 20-35, le boima ba ligrama tse 200-600. Linoko li koahela mahlakore, nape le morao. Ho na le maske a lefifi sefahlehong. Mohatla o mokhuts'oane. Litsebe li kholo. Matlapa a malelele. Ho na le menoana e 5 hloohong e 'ngoe le e' ngoe. Maske le paws li sootho ebile mpa e tšoeu. Boea bo bonolo, bo bosoeu, bo sootho kapa bo ntšo. 'Mala oa li-needle o na le likhoele tse' mala o sekareleta.

Sebaka sa tlhaho sa li-hedgehogs tse thellang ke savannah e chesang e mongobo, lehoatata le masimo.

Ba mafolofolo bosiu. Tsena ke liphoofolo tse ikemetseng. Ha ba oele hibernation. Li-hedgehogs tsa Afrika Leboea li ja likokoanyana, liphoofolo tse anyesang tse nyane, li-invertebrates, litholoana le meroho.

Lira tsa li-hedgehogs tsa Algeria ke lintja tse hlaha, linonyana tse jang liphofu le batho. Nako ea bona ea bophelo ka tlhaho ke lilemo tse 4-6, 'me botlamuoeng ba phela lilemo tse 10.

Boimana ho hedgehogs ea Algeria bo nka matsatsi a 35. Ho ka ba le lesea le le leng ho isa ho la 9 le sa boneng.

Li-hedgehogs tse sa tsoa hlaha li bolelele bo fihla lisentimithareng tse 2,5 ho isa ho tse. Li hola ka potlako, libekeng tse 3-4 li qala ho tloha sehlaheng. Bekeng e 4-5 ea lilemo, ba ja lijo tse matla. E tšehali e fepa masea ka matsatsi a 30- 34. Ka matsatsi a 40-43 ba qala ho iphelela ka bo bona. Ho ts'oaroa ha aliggehogs ea Algerian ho etsahala ka likhoeli tse 10-12.

Li-hedgehogs tsa Algeria li thathamisitsoe Kopanong ea Berne. Bo-rasaense ba hlahisitse mefuta e mengata ea mebala ea hedgehogs e lelera: e tšoeu, chokolete, e tsubang, kofi, albino joalo-joalo.

Algerian hedgehog (Atelerix algirus).

Amur kapa Chinese hedgehog

Amur hedgehogs a lula Chaena, Korea, Manchuria le Primorye. Ka ntle, li-hedgehogs tsa Amur li tšoana le li-hedgehogs tse tloaelehileng, empa 'mala oa tsona o bobebe. Bolelele ba 'mele bo tloha lisentimitara tse 18 ho isa ho tse 26,' me boima ba 'mele bo fapana ho tloha ho ligrama tse 600 ho isa ho tse 262. Linoko li telele, li fihla ho limilimithara tse 24. 'Mala oa li-needle tse ngata o sootho. Boea bo bokhutšoaane ebile boa borella, ka mpeng bo na le sootho.

Li-hedgehogs tsa Chaena li lula merung, liphuleng tsa noka, masimong a matsoapong a koahetsoeng ke meru e matla. Li-hedgehogs tsena li qoba maraba, libaka tse phahameng le mobu o nonneng. Li-hedgehogs tsa Amur li fepa likokoana-hloko tsa lefatše, likokoanyana 'me maemong a sa tloaelehang, litholoana tsa limela.

Li-hedgehogs tsa China li sebetsa ka shoalane le bosiu, 'me motšehare li phomola lihlaheng. Nakong ea lipula, ba ka tsoma letsatsi lohle.

Li-hedgehogs tsa Amur ke liphoofolo tse ikemetseng.

Nako ea ho ikatisa ea li-hedgehogs tsa China e oela ka Hlakubele-Mphalane. Ka selemo, hedgehog e tsoala hang feela. Literong tsa hedgehogs tsa China, ho ka ba le masea a mararo ho isa ho a robeli. Ho kena bohlankaneng ho Amur urchin ho etsahala lilemong tse 2.

Hedgehog e nang le 'mala o mosoeu

Li-hedgehogs tse bosoeu bo bosoeu li boetse li bitsoa li-hedgehogs tse bosoeu ba Europe. Naheng ea Rashea, li fumaneha libakeng tse ka boroa ho Urals, hape li lula Isthmus ea Caucasus, Kazakhstan, Turkey, Greece, Israel, Iran, Europe, Balkan le sehlekehlekeng sa Kreta.

Bolelele ba 'mele bo fihla lisenthimithara tse 35. Boima, ho latela nako ea selemo, bo tloha ho 600 ho isa ho 1230 gram. Litsebe tsa tsona li chitja, li haufinyane, li batla li sa bonahale ka lebaka la boea. Ho na le menoana e 5 marang-rang. Ka morao le ka mahlakoreng li sirelelitsoe ke lisenthimithara tse 2,5 ho isa ho tse 25. Boea ha bo bokhutšoaane ebile boa tiha. Ho na le sebaka se lerootho sefubeng.

Li-hedgehogs tse bosoeu bo bosoeu li shebahala li tšoana le li-hedgehogs tse tloaelehileng.

Hlooho le mahlakore a sootho, 'me' metso le mpa li bobebe haholo. Li-need tsa botlaaseng le likeletso li tšoeu, 'me bohareng ho na le metsero e sootho le e ntšo. Ka mpa, boea bo sootho.

Li-hedgehogs tse nang le 'mala o mosoeu li lula lehoatateng, lithabeng tse telele, merung e sabaletseng, liphuleng tsa matsapa le mabopong a likanale. Li boetse li fumaneha lirapeng tsa boikhathollo, mabala le lirapa.

Li-hedgehogs tse bosoeu bo botle lia sebetsa bosiu. Ba batona ba phomola matlong a tlhaho, 'me ba etsa lihlaha feela bakeng sa mariha. Ba bona ba phutholohile ho tloha ka Loetse ho fihlela ka Hlakubele. Li-hedgehogs tse nang le 'mala o mosoeu li na le maikutlo a batang. Nakong ea hibernation, ba lahleheloa ke hoo e ka bang 35% ea boima ba bona, kahoo ba lokela ho tloha ka boima ba bonyane ligrama tse 600 bakeng sa mariha. Hangata li phela lilemo tse 'maloa lihlaheng tse tšoanang. Lira tsa li-hedgehogs tse nang le 'mala o mosoeu ke libuoa, makhoaba, lioli le litlatse tse ling.

Nako ea ho ikatisa e oela sehleng se futhumetseng kaofela. Hedgehog e ba le ngoana a le mong ka selemo. Ka hara litara e le ngoe ho ka ba le masea a 3-8.

Li-spines tsa mofuta ona oa hedgehogs li kanna tsa ba le 'mala o fapaneng, empa ntlha le sekoaelo li lula li le tšoeu

Indian hedgehog

Ma-hedgehogs a India a lula Pakistan, Northwest India. 'Mele oa hedgehog ona o matla, o pota-potile.

Bolelele ba 'mele bo fapana ho ea ka lisenthimithara tse 14 ho isa ho tse 23. Boima ke 300-400 gram. Li-pie le mohatla li khutšoanyane. Muzzle e holisitsoe ka maske a lefifi. Phatleng, mpeng le marama a sootho. Li-needle li sootho ebile li tšoeu.

Li-hedgehogs tsa India li sebetsa bosiu. Tsena hedgehogs, homebodies, hoo e ka bang ha ho mohla ba tlohang libaka tsa bona. Thapama ba ipata matlong a tlhaho. Li-hedgehogs tsa India ha li oele ka hibernation, empa haeba ho se na lijo tse lekaneng, joale ba ka robala ka nakoana. Nako ea ho ikatisa e ka Mphalane-Hlakubele. Ka matlong a le mong ho na le li-hedgehogs tse 1 ho isa ho tse 5.

Indian hedgehog ke mofuta o sa tloaelehang hape o ithutoang hampe, o ratang ho lula haufi le lihlahla le limela.

Ethiopia hedgehog

Hedgehog oa Moethiopia kapa hedgehog ea nako e telele o lula Afrika Leboea, lehoatateng la Sahara, Syria, Egypt, Iraq, Tunisia, Ethiopia, Hloahloeng ea Arabia le Persia ea Persia.

Bolelele ba 'mele oa hedgehog ea Ethiopia ke lisenthimithara tse 15-25. Boima ba 'mele bo tloha ho ligrama tse 400 ho isa ho 700. Mmala oa li-needle o sootho bo bofubelu. Marama, phatla, 'metso le mpa li tšoeu. Ho na le maske a lefifi phatleng.

Li-hedgehogs tse nang le nale e telele li lula lehoatateng le lihlabeng tse ommeng, tse fumanehang lebopong le mabopong a mafura.

Li-hedgehogs tsa Ethiopia li ka bolaoa ke tlala matsatsi a ka bang 10. Li bontša tšebetso bosiu, 'me motšehare li ipata ka majoe. Likokoanyana li etsoa ka masoba a fox a lahliloeng. Ha ho bata ho bata haholo, empa ka linako tse ling baa tsoha ebe ba ea tsoma. Lira tsa li-hedgehogs tse nang le nako e telele ke linonyana tse fapaneng tsa liphokojoe. Nako ea bona ea bophelo e batla e le lilemo tse 10.

Nakong ea ho ikatisa, li-hedgehogs tsa Ethiopia li ntša monko o itseng, ho latela batho ba bong bo fapaneng ba batlang balekane. Boimana bo nka matsatsi a 3040. Li-Hedgehogs li tsoetsoe li hlobotse, li sa utloe ebile li foufetse, li boima ba ligrama tse 8-9.

Nakong ea ho ikatisa, hedgehog ea Ethiopia e ntša monko o khethehileng.

Li-hedgehogs tsa Ethiopia li loantšana le chefo ea likokoanyana le linoha. Ho se sireletsehe ha bona ho matla ka makhetlo a 30-40 ha ho bapisoa le litoeba tse lekanang.

South hedgehog ea Afrika Boroa

Li-hedgehogs tsa Afrika Boroa li lula Botswana, Zimbabwe, Afrika Boroa, Namibia, Malawi le Zambia. Bolelele ba 'mele oa hedgehog ea Afrika Boroa ke lisentimitara tse 18-20. Boima ba ba batona bo tloha ho ligrama tse 280 ho isa ho tse 350, tse tšehali li ka ba boima ba ligrama tse 300 ho isa ho tse 650. Mots'eare o mosoeu o bonahala hantle phatleng. Motho e moholo o na le linale tse ka bang likete tse 5. Litsebe li nyane. Mmala oa fetoha, 'me li-albino le tsona lia fumanoa. Mpa e moputsoa, ​​mohatla le maoto a sootho, setloholo se sootho-sootho. Kamora 'mele ho na le karolo e pharalletseng ea linale tse tšoeu. Malebela a masenke a soeufetse, bohareng a a sootho, 'me botlaaseng bo bosoeu le tranelate.

Li-needle tsa hedgehog ea Afrika Boroa li na le mebala e sootho le e metšo e sootho.

Li-hedgehogs tsa Afrika Boroa li lula merung, masimong, lirapeng. Ba qoba libaka tse mongobo le lithota. Bosiu, hedgehog e ka ja phepelo e boima ho isa ho 1/3 ea boima ba eona. Li bonts'a tšebetso bosiu, 'me mots'eare pula e na feela. Ha lihora tsa mots'eare li fetoha tlase ho lihora tse 11, li-hedgehogs tsa Afrika Boroa li hibernate.

Nako ea tlhahiso ea li-hedgehogs tsa Afrika Boroa e etsahala ka Mphalane-Mphalane. E tšehali e tsoala masea ka mekoti e setseng ea litoeba kapa liphokojoe, li kolla ka tlas'a sekoti ka makala le makhasi. Literopong ho na le masea a mabeli ho isa ho a 9, a boima ba ligrama tse 8. Li-hedgehogs tsa letsatsi le letsatsi li eketsa ligrama tse peli ho boima.

Lehare la boea bo bosoeu le bonahala hantle phatleng ea hedgehog ea Afrika Boroa.

E tšehali e fepa masea ka lebese makhetlo a mararo ka letsatsi. Thapama, hedgehog e robala ka sekoting se arohaneng. Libekeng tse tšeletseng tsa bophelo, kholo e qala ho tsoma le mme oa hae. Kamora moo ba qala ho iphelela ka bo bona. Baahi ba moo ba sebelisa li-hedgehogs tsena bakeng sa nama ea bona. Nako ea bophelo ea li-hedgehogs tsa Afrika Boroa ke lilemo tse 8-10.

Haeba u fumana phoso, ka kopo khetha sekhechana sa mongolo ebe o tobetsa Ctrl + Kena.

Li-hedgehogs li oela neng hibernation?

Joalokaha re ngotse ka holimo, li-hedgehogs li oela hibernation. Leha li-hedgehogs tse lulang botlamuoeng li sa bonahale eka li hlile lia hlokahala, empa u ke ke ua thetsa mokhoa oa tlhaho oa phoofolo, mekhoa ea hibernation ke ea tlhaho, kahoo o lokela ho itokisetsa hore phoofolo ea lapeng e bohlasoa le eona e tla kena hibernation nakong ea mariha. joalo ka li-hedgehogs tse lulang maemong a tlhaho.

Ho pholosa hibernation ka katleho, hedgehog e hloka ho feptjoa haholo ka hoetla e le hore e ka bokella mehloli e hlokahalang ea mafura. Ka Pulungoana, u tla hlokomela hore na hedgehog e fetoha lefu le bolaeang joang, 'me ekare ke ka lebaka la ho fifala, ha e le hantle sena ke qalo ea hibernation. Kaha nakong ea tlhaho li-hedgehogs mariha a tsona, li-hedgehog tsa lapeng le tsona li hloka ho theha maemo a haufi le a tlhaho. Ho etsa sena, ho beha sebaka se ipatileng kae kae ka loggia kapa kamore ea marulelo, ho bohlokoa hore mocheso moo o se ke oa feta 5 degrees C. Mme o thehe mofuta oa sehlaha, beha makhasi, makhasi a omeletseng, sawdust, rags, ebe hedgehog e robala.

Haeba u na le hedgehog e nyane ea Afrika, ha ua lokela ho tšoenyeha ka hibernation, hobane mofuta ona oa hedgehogs ha o oele hibernation ea mariha, ka lebaka la khaello ea mariha libakeng tsa eona.