Manul le baemeli ba bang ba 822 ba eketsehileng ba fauna ho encyclopedia
Fora liphoofolo - Ena ke e 'ngoe ea likarolo tsa bohlokoa le tse khahlisang haholo ho encyclopedia ea rona e mabapi le liphoofolo tse hlaha. Liphoofolo tsa naha li fapana haholo hape Fora liphoofolo - Ena ke karolo ea bohlokoa ea eona. Lethathamo la liphoofolo tse ka sehlohong se tla lula li nchafatsoa le mefuta e mecha. Liphoofolo tsohle tse ka sehlohong sena li na le setšoantšo, mabitso le litlhaloso tse qaqileng. Litšoantšo li monate haholo :) Kahoo khutla khafetsa! Se ke oa lebala ho re ngolisetsa ho liwebosaete tsa sechaba, 'me u tla lula u le oa pele oa ho tseba hore na ke liphoofolo life tse ncha tse hlahang ho encyclopedia ea rona. Mahlohonolo
Mammals
Fora, ho na le mefuta e ka bang 140 ea liphoofolo tse anyesang. Tsena ke matšoao a matle bakeng sa naha ea Europe. Ho feta moo, Mafora a rata le ho sireletsa liphoofolo. Ka lehlakoreng le leng, liphoofolo, linonyana le litlhapi li kenya letsoho ho matlafatsong ea naha.
Mohlala o tsotehang haholo: katse Felicette - phoofolo ea pele sebakeng. France e ile ea qala ho phethesela ka 1963. Ka nako ena, li-cosmonauts tse 6 tsa Soviet, ho kenyeletsa le mosali, li ne li se li le sepakapakeng, empa katse ea pele le e ngoe feela e ne e se mpe.
Bere e sootho
Sebaka se seholohali sa Europe se nang le liphoofolo tse ngata. Phoofolo e makatsang, karolo ea phoofolo e jang nama, e etella pele lelapa la bere. Europe, ho na le subspecies e nang le lebitso la sistimi Ursus arctos arctos, aka Eurasian brown bear. Bere e boima ba lik'hilograma tse 200; ka hoetla e ka eketsa boima ba eona ka makhetlo a le mong le halofo.
Hibernation bakeng sa mariha ke thepa e ikhethang ea sebata. Empa sena ha se etsahale kamehla. Ho haelloa ke mafura a mangata a futhumetseng kapa mariha a futhumetseng haholo ho ka hlakola phoofolo. Naheng ea Fora, libere li ka fumaneha merung ea lithaba, ka linako tse ling lilibeng tsa lithaba tsa Pyrenees.
Flora ea Fora
Bokone le bophirima ba Fora boholo ba eona ke lithota le lithaba tse tlase. Libaka tse bohareng le tse bochabela ke lithaba tse bohareng.
Likarolo tse lehloa tsa lithaba tsa lithaba ha li na letho ebile ha li na bophelo, ka linako tse ling u ka fumana mosses le lichens moo. Mona u ka bona libaka tse mongobo le lipula.
Lithaba tsa lithabeng tsa Alpine li ile tsa hlahella ka holim'a litlhoro tsa thaba. Ba hola li-chamomile tse tloaelehileng, litloloko le lipalesa tse ling. U ka kopana le lihoete tse hlaha, angelica, meadowsweet. Sefateng sa lithabeng tsa Alpine ho na le limela tse ngata tsa bohlokoa le tsa kalafo tse holang. Arnica e thusa ho tlosa bohloko ba mesifa, khahla e kobehileng e ne e sebelisoa e le lijo ho fihlela e fetoha mofuta o sirelelitsoeng. Orchid e hlaha e thusa ho phekola gastritis. Brewers ba ne ba tloaetse ho sebelisa gentian ho fa lino tse tsoekere mofuta o itseng. Letsoai le sebelisoa ke bakoe ba Mafora le ba Italy ho pheha lijana tse fapaneng.
Tlas'a methapo ea lithaba ho qala sebaka sa moru, e leng moru o nang le lintho tse ngata. Liphae, larch, fir, spruce li mela ho tsona.
Khoele ea likhoele e nkeloa sebaka ke sebaka se pharalletseng. Meru ena e na le meru e mengata, li-chestnut le beech.
Leha ho le joalo, ho na le meru e fokolang haholo e setseng Fora, hobane linaha tsena li ile tsa qala ho sebelisoa ke motho bakeng sa ho lema mefuta ea limela e lenngoeng.
Lebōpo la leoatle la Mediterranean la Fora le loketse mefuta ea limela feela. Sena se etsahetse hobane batho ba sentse mafika a ntseng a hola moo, mme lipula li ile tsa thusa ho pepesa sekoaelo sa lefats'e. Ka hona, khafetsa ho na le lifate tse tlase le lihlahla - mehloaare, meru ea cork, phaena ea alpine, juniper, myrtle le oleander. Hape, libaka tsena li na le mefuta e mengata ea limela - lifate tsa eucalyptus, lifate tsa palema le agars.
Fauna ea Fora
Lintho tseo batho ba li entseng li ama liphoofolo hampe. Ho fihla joale, batho ba bangata ba felisitsoe kapa ba thathamisitsoe ho Red Book. Empa libakeng tsa polokelo ea lehae u ka fumana palo e kholo ea baemeli ba Europe Bohareng, Mediterranean le Alpine, mohlala, libere tse sootho, chamois le lipoli tsa majoe.
Empa leha ho le joalo, mefuta e meng ea liphoofolo e phela le ho phela tikolohong ea tlhaho. Baemeli ba liphoofolo tsena esale pele ke: liphokojoe, libatana, liphatsa tsa lefutso. Ho tsoa ho litoeba tse nyane, squirrels, litoeba le likhoto lia fumanoa.
Ka har'a meru u ka hlokomela likhahla le bo-'mankhane. Ha a le moriting oa lifate, likhama tse ntle, likhama tse tšehali, likolobe-hlaha, hammoho le libapali li fumane setšabelo. Mouflons a lula lithabeng tsa Corsica.
Lefatše la linonyana le fapana haholo ho feta liphoofolo. Ka har'a li-Pyrenees, tse nyolohelang lithabeng, u ka utloa molumo oa motho ea thibelang ntoa. U ka bona poho ea poho, pika, leloala. Literata tsa Songbird li utluoa hohle. Libaka tsa meru li arotsoe: capercaillie, scallops, Woodcocks,-mapheo a boea bo bosootho bo bofubelu, makhopho a 'mala o mosoeu, li-jackdaw tsa alpine, grey le tundra. Linonyana tse jang nama le tsona li lula libakeng tsa Mafora. Baemeli ba ka sehloohong ba linonyana tse jang nama ke: litelu, litšoelesa tsa griffon, makhoaba, ntsu le ntsu.
Lefatše la metsi la Fora ha le na letlotlo. Ha e le hantle ho na le trout, e holisitsoe ke batho. Mme feela ka li-bays u ka kopana le sardine, flounder, herring. Baemeli ba libopuoa tse phelang ka metsing le leoatleng ke: li-lobster, shrimp le li -fishfish tse fapaneng.
Naheng ea Fora, ho entsoe libaka tse ka bang 10 tsa polokelo, moo palo e kholo ea mefuta ea liphoofolo le limela e lulang teng.
Boar
Boar ea hlaha ke phoofolo e kholo, e bolelele ba 'mele ho fihlela ho 1,80 m le boima ba hoo e ka bang 300 kg. Moriri o mokgutshwane o na le mmala ho tloha ho mmala o lefifi le o moputsoa ho isa ho o motšo. Kolobe e na le maoto a makgutshwane, molala o motenya haholo le hlooho e bokaholimo.
Boar ea tlhaho ke moholwane oa kolobe e ruuoang lapeng 'me e phela bophelo ba mantsiboea. Lijo tse tloaelehileng ke metso, lijo-thollo, linate, li-chestnut, liboko, joalo-joalo. Lihlahisoa tsena tse anyesang li atile ka boroa ho Fora, hangata merung 'me ka linako tse ling li le libakeng tse haufi. Hangata likolobe tse hlaha lia baleha haeba li ba atamela, empa hape li ka ba mabifi - haholo haeba li sireletsa malinyane a tsona. Ho kopana le motho ea moholo oa likolobe tseleng e hole ea moru ho ka ba le litlamorao tse mpe!
Rosa lere
Roe deer e tloaelehile libakeng tse ngata tsa mahaeng tsa Fora. Tsena ke liphoofolo tse anyesang tse nyane tse bolelele ba lisenthimithara tse 70, ho fihlela li 130 cm, 'me ho bonolo ho li tseba ka mokokotlo o mosoeu oa' mele. Ke banna ba roe feela ba nang le linaka, 'me ba lahloa selemo se seng le se seng.
Sebaka se ratoang sa mouoane ke sebaka se nang le lifate se nang le limela tse ngata. Palo ea liphoofolo tsena tse anyesang Fora ea eketseha, 'me palo ea batho ba tsomang selemo le selemo ea ntlafatsoa. Roe deer e jeoe ebile e na le lik'hilojule tse ngata.
Likhama tse tšehali
Likhoto tse khubelu, joalo ka bo-nkhono ba tsona ba banyenyane, likhama tsa roe, li atile naheng (le boholo ba Europe). Fora e na le palo e kholo ea linaha tsa meru tse emelang tikoloho ea tlhaho ea liphoofolo tsena tse anyesang. Lelapa ka leng la mouoane le hloka sebaka se ka etsang 25 km² ea naha.
Ke e 'ngoe ea liphoofolo tse anyesang tse kholo ka ho fetisisa,' me ha li na tšokelo ho tsoa liphiri le libere, tseo hona joale li leng libakeng tse ka thoko. Tse tona li kholo ho feta tse tšehali 'me li boima ba lik'hilograma tse 150-200,' me bophahamo ba eona bo pona ho fihla ho lisentimitara tse 150. Liphoofolo ha li robale bosiu 'me hangata li fumanoa motšehare. Li-deer lia tsongoa Fora, empa palo ea bona ea baahi e ntse e hola libakeng tse ngata tsa naha.
Mpho e putsoa
Liphiri tse Grey li ne li tsongoa ka mafolofolo le ho bolaoa Fora nakong ea boholo ba lekholo la bo19 la lilemo mme liphoofolo li ile tsa nyamela naheng ka bo-1930. Leha ho le joalo, hamorao ba ile ba boela ba hlaha, 'me joale ba fumanoa ho Maritime Alps, ho la Mercantour Park.
Linokoane tsena ka linako tse ling li bolaea linku, 'me Fora ho ile ha etsoa morero oa ho lefisa lihoai tseo linku tsa tsona li bolailoeng ke liphiri. Empa libatana tsena ha li kotsi joalo ka ha li bontšoa hangata. Ka tloaelo, liphiri li qoba ho kopana le batho, haeba ho khonahala.
Liphiri hangata li lula lipakeng, li etelloa pele ke monna le mosali, 'me malinyane a kenyeletsa malinyane a 6-10. Phiri e kholo e na le bophahamo ha e omella hoo e ka bang 80 cm mme e tšoauoa ka boea bo botenya ba bohlooho.
Ha o na monyetla oa ho kopana le liphiri Fora, leha o na le takatso e matla, ntle le haeba o le molisa oa Fora sebakeng se lithaba.
Fox e tloaelehileng
Makhoaba a atile hohle Fora, empa ho batla ho le thata ho kopana le ona, hobane liphoofolo tse anyesang li tšaba batho. Li nyane ka boholo, li na le 'mala oa' mala o mofubelu le 'mala o mosoeu, nko e nchocho, le mohatla o futhumetseng.
Liphokojoe li se li tsofetse haholo, li ka lelekisa phofu ea tsona ka lebelo ho fihlela ho 70 km / h. Tsena ke li-omnivores 'me li iphepa ka litoeba, mahe, litholoana, linonyana jj.
Liphoofolo tsena tse anyesang li kotsi ho likhoho, 'me li bolaela khafetsa. Le ha ho le joalo, li bohlokoa mokokotlong oa lijo le ho laola palo ea liphoofolo tse anyesang tse nyane joalo ka mebutlanyana, tse senyang lijalo le ho jala mafu a fapaneng.
Sebebe se tloaelehileng
Lipela tse tloaelehileng li fumanoa boholo ba Europe, ntle le tse batang haholo, libaka tse ka leboea le lihlekehleke tse ling tse ka boroa. Hape ha a fumanehe Corsica.
Badger e na le bolelele ba 'mele ba bolelele ba 90 cm, ho kenyelletsa mohatla ho fihlela lisentimetara tse 20. Phoofolo e ka lemohuoa habonolo ke litšobotsi tse tšoeu tse nko ho nko le hlooho Hangata, kobo e ba sootho kapa e sootho ka 'mala o lefifi,' me molala le maoto a batla a sootho. Ntle le liphiri le libere tse sa tloaelehang, libata ke tsona tse jang liphoofolo tse hlaha tse ngata ho fetisisa naheng ea France.
Li-Badger li lula ka lihlopha, hangata li na le batho ba 5-12, ho latela ho fumaneha ha lijo libakeng tse haufi. Ba ja bosiu, lijo tsa bona li na le liphoofotsoana tsa liphoofolo tse anyesang, likokoanyana, litholoana, linate, metso le bulbs. Joalo ka liphoofolo tse ling tse ngata, ho thata ho kopana le tsona naheng.
Chamois
Chamois ke phoofolo e anyesang e nang le boea bo boholo e tloaelehileng ho lithaba tsa Alps, hammoho le lithabeng tsa Jurassic le tsa Iberia tsa Fora.
Li-chamois li fihla bophahamong bo bonyane ba 75-80 cm 'me li boima ba 60 kg. O tloahile haholo ho phela maemong a lithaba.
Litšobotsi tse ikhethang tsa phoofolo ke linonyana tse khutšoane, tse sothehileng hanyane (hlokomela: linaka li bolokiloe selemo ho pota), le metopa e metšo tlasa mahlo. Seaparo se holim 'a' mele se ka ba bohlooho (mariha) kapa sootho (hlabula).
Litlama, lipeo le lipalesa ke lijo tse ratoang haholo, empa mariha liphoofolo tsena tse anyesang li khona ho ja le makhapetla a sefate.
Hlokomela: chamois e ile ea bonoa e le haufi haholo le Mont Blanc, 'me sena se bontša mamello ea bona le tsebo e ntle ea ho hloa!
Alpine thaba ea thaba
Pōli ena e lula lithabeng tsa Alps sebakeng se phahameng haholo (limithara tse 2000-4500), haufi le moeli oa lehloa, moo e leng mohloekisi ea sebetsang hantle haholo.
Tse tona li hola ho fihla ho 1 m ho pona le boima ba li-kilo tse 100, ha tse tšehali li le halofo e lekanang. Pōli e khetholloa ka linaka tse kholo, tse kobehileng le litelu tse ikhethang. Nakong ea hlabula, kobo e bohlooho-sootho, 'me mariha e ba ea sootho.
Liphoofolo tsena li iphepa ka joang, moss, makhasi le makala, 'me hangata li theoha makaleng a lithaba ho ja pele li khutlela matsoapong a mafika ka holimo.
Kaha ba phela sebakeng se sa atleheng, ba na le liphoofolo tse ngata tse jang liphoofolo tse hlaha. Tšokelo e kholo ho malinyane a lipōli ke lintsu.
Mathoasong a lekholo la bo19 la lilemo, poli ea lithaba ea lithabeng e ne e se e nyametse, e ne e tsongoa ka lebaka la lintho tseo ho neng ho thoe ke tsa mohlolo. Leha ho le joalo, lilemo tse 150 tsa ts'ireletso e matla ea liphoofolo tsena naheng, li e lumelletse ho phela, mme joale palo ea batho e baka ho se tšoenyehe ho hoholo.
Camargu
Lipere tsa Camargue ha li hlaha 'me li lula mehlolong e motšoareng oa Camargue ka boroa ho Fora. Sebaka sena ke moo ba nang le sebaka sa tlhaho sa tlhaho.
Lipere tsa Camargue ke liphoofolo tse nyane, tse mesifa le tse bohlale. Ba ile ba ikamahanya le maemo a fetohang a tikoloho - lehlabula le chesa haholo ebile hangata mariha ho bata.
Hajoale, lipere tsena li itšetleha ka batho ba netefatsang bophelo ba bona. Camargue e hohela batho ba tsoang likarolong tse fapaneng tsa lefatše.
Alpine Marmot
Alpine marmot e tloaelehile libakeng tse lithaba tse phahameng feela. Phoofolo e fihlela bolelele ba 'mele ho fihlela ho 50 cm, le bolelele ba 20 cm, ka hona, mofuta o moholo ka ho fetisisa lelapeng la squirrel) mme o boima ba 5 kg.
Li-marmots li lula mekhukhung e ka tlas'a lefatše moo li ka qetang likhoeli tse tšeletseng ho hibernation. Nakong ea hibernation, ba thibela monyako oa sekoti sa bona ka lefats'e, lejoe le joang. Lintho tse ka sehloohong tse li jang ke lintsu le liphokojoe.
Mutlanyana
Likolo li tloaelehile libakeng tse ngata tsa Fora, leha e le, joalo ka liphoofolo tse hlaha, li atile haholo nakong ea mantsiboea le ka meso. Hare e ka matha haholo ha e e hloka, ka lebelo ho fihla ho 70 km / h.
Mofuta ona oa liphoofolo tse anyesang ha o tšabe letho. Li-hares li ka ba kotsi ho tsa temo ebile li na le mafu a fapaneng.
Nutria
Nutria e ile ea tsebisoa Fora bakeng sa boea lekholong la bo19 la lilemo. Hona joale li nkoa e le likokonyana 'me li ajoa karolong e ngata e ka boroa ea Fora, le libakeng tse ling tse ka leboea ho naha.
Boholo ke bolelele ba cm 50, le mohatla o ka bang 40 cm. 'Mala oa seaparo ke o sootho.
Li-Nutria li lula haufi le litopo tsa metsi, hangata li baka likhohola le ho thibela litselana tsa metsi ka mesebetsi ea tsona. Li boetse li theha likotopo tse kholo tse ka tlas'a lefatše. Ntle le taba ea hore liphoofolo li ja haholo metso ea limela tsa metsing, li boetse li ja poone le koro mobung oa temo, e leng se bakang ho se khotsofale ha lihoai.
Ka hona, hangata ba beha maraba bakeng sa nutria, ba akhela chefo kapa ba thunya haeba ba fumanoa haufi le masimo.
Squirrel tloaelehileng
Li-squirrel tse tloaelehileng Fora li tloaelehile ho feta squirrel sa Caroline.
Squirrel se seholo se na le bolelele ba 'mele ba cm cm e 20 le mohatla o ka bang cm cm 15. squirrel se tloaelehileng hangata se lula sehlaheng, seo se se etsang ka lesoba kapa moqhaka oa sefate. Phoofolo e fepa haholo-holo ka peo, litholoana le linate.
Li-squirrel tse tloaelehileng li sebetsa nakong ea motšehare, mme ha li lihlong haholo, kahoo hangata li bonoa haufi le matlo a batho, leha lijo li le ngata, li khetha ho lula li sireletsehile litlhorong tsa lifate.
Lejoe marten
Lejoe marten le fumanoa libakeng tse ngata tsa Europe. E na le bolelele ba 'mele oa cm cm e 50 le mohatla o molelele, hape e bonahala habonolo ka letšoao le lesoeu ho potoloha' metso. Marten ena e boetse e na le boea botlaaseng ba marapo a eona, a ka bonoang mehatong ea liphoofolo.
Marten ke carnivorous, 'me e ja tse anyesang, mahe le liboko, le ha litholoana le tsona li sa nyenyefatsoe. Hangata ona ke phoofolo ea bosiu.
Liphatsa tsa lefutso tse tloaelehileng
Liphatsa tsa lefutso tse tloaelehileng li hlahile sebakeng sa Mediterranean e le liphoofolo tse ruuoang lilemong tse ka bang 1000 ho isa ho tse fetileng, ebe li fetela ka boroa ho France.
Tsena ke li-carnivores, hangata li iphepa ka likokoanyana, litoeba tse nyane le linonyana, 'me li sebelisa metjeko ea tsona e bohale ho tšoasa phofu.
Boholo ba tsona bo tšoana le katse e lapeng, 'me' mala o tšoana le matheba a lengau. Mohatla o molelele ebile o motenya, hape o na le likhoele tse ikhethileng. Hlooho e nyane ebile e supile, mme litsebe li kholo. Bolelele ba 'mele ka mohatla e ka ba hoo e ka bang m.
Litho tsa mantsiboea ha li robale bosiu ebile ha li fumanehe hangata naheng.
Lynx
Lynx e fumanoa Fora ho Vosges le Pyrenees feela. Lynx ena ke setho sa lelapa la likatse, e na le boea bo mosehla le matheba a lefifi. Litsebe li ikhethang haholo, 'me li na le meelelo e likhutlong. Mehatla ea tsona e mokhuts'oane. Phofu e tloaelehileng ea lynx ke liphoofolo tse anyesang tse bohareng le tse bohareng tse kang li-hares le litoeba. Sebaka se ratoang haholo ke libaka tse nang le mapolanka haholo.
Lynxes e ile ea felisoa ka botlalo Fora le boholo ba Europe ka 1900, empa hamorao e ile ea kenngoa ka katleho libakeng tse ling. Liphoofolo tsena tse anyesang hajoale li sirelelitsoe.
Hornets
Li-Hornets ke likokoanyana tse kholo tse atisang ho loma batho.Ha li buelle joalo ka bohla! Leha ho le joalo, ho loma ha bona ho na le chefo hape ho bohloko, mme ho ka beha bophelo kotsing.
Fora, ho fumanoa li-hornets tse tloaelehileng hammoho le mofuta oa tropike Vespa velutina, e ileng ea hlahisoa kahare ho naha ka 2004. Vespa velutina hasana ho pholletsa le karolo e ka boroa-bophirima ea Fora.
Li-Hornets li kholo haholo ho feta wasps e tloaelehileng, li na le bolelele ba 'mele oa 4-5 cm,' me hangata li lula lifateng kapa limonong. Li ka hlasela feela ha li atamela sehlaha sa tsona, 'me li lula li le mabifi haholo.
Ma mantis a tloaelehileng
Mala a tloaelehileng ke mofuta o mong oa likokoanyana tse tloaelehileng Fora. Hangata e hola ka tlase ho 8 cm ka bolelele. Hangata 'mala o motala o phatsima, leha mebala e meng e khanyang le eona e ka hlaha. Khafetsa ho ba thata ho e lemoha, li patehile hantle joang bo bolelele boo ba phehelang phofu ea bona.
Liaparo tse rapeloang li ja likokoanyana, tse ts'oaroang ke ho sisinyeha ha tsona ka bolelele bo matla, ebe li ja liphofu tsa tsona li phela.
Lerata le tloaelehileng la lerako
Lerata le tloaelehileng la lebota le tloaelehile haholo Fora. Karolong e ka boroa ea naha, ka letsatsi le chabile, u ka bona tse ngata tse phetoang tse ntseng li le marakong a matlo.
Mekholutsoane ena e hola ho isa bolelele ba 15 cm cm, moo boholo ba eona e fetang 50% mohatla. Meetso le matšoao li fapane haholo: ho tloha bohlooho ho ea putsoa ka palo e fapaneng ea matheba. Ha malinyane a hatch from mahe, a ba le bolelele ba 'mele ba cm cm tse 2. Nako ea bona ea bophelo e fihlile ho lilemo tse 7.
Lizards li hlasela likokoanyana le li-invertebrates tse nyane. Lihahabi tsena li boetse li tloaelehile UK le likarolong tse ling tsa USA.
Tloaelehileng
Linoha tse tloaelehileng li atile haholo Fora, haholo libakeng tse futhumetseng tsa naha.
Litlalehong tsohle, noha e ka ba bolelele ba limithara tse 2, le ha hangata e sa holise 1,3 m. Haholo hangata, u tla fumana sehahabi sena sebakeng se bulehileng ka letsatsi le chabileng, eseng hole le libaka tse fanang ka setšabelo (mohlala, lebopong la noka. kapa pheletso ea sebaka se nang le mapolanka).
E se e khethollotsoe habonolo ke matheba a 'mala o mosehla hloohong. Ho longoa ke lihahabi tsena ho bohloko, empa ha ho bolaee, hobane linoha ha li na chefo (ho fapana le noha e tloaelehileng, e fumanehang hape Fora).
Marble Triton
Mofuta ona ke o mong oa mefuta e mecha ka ho fetisisa Fora, e hola ho fihlela bolelele ba cm 17. Marble newt e ka khetholloa ke 'mala o motala o motala le matheba a matšo. Tse tšehali le tse tšehali li na le moqhaka oa lamunu mahetleng a bona.
Phoofolo e tloaelehile karolong e ka bophirima ea Fora. E lekantsoe feela bophahamo ba limithara tse 1000 ka holim'a bophahamo ba leoatle mme e rata libaka tsa bolulo tse nang le lihlahla le lifate, haufi le litopo tsa metsi. Lijo li kenyelletsa likokoana-hloko, popane le li-slugs tse nyane.
Salamander ea mollo
Li-salamanders tsa mollo li fumanoa hoo e ka bang likarolong tsohle tsa naha, e le molao, li rata ho phela ka makhasi a oeleng le moss, haufi le litopo tsa metsi. Lijo tsa bona li entsoe ke lintsintsi tsa lefats'e, likokoana-hloko le makhoaba a tsona, li-slugs le li-invertebrates tse ling.
Ambalia ena e hola ho fihla ho cm 30 ka bolelele, e na le hlooho e sephara le maoto a tiileng, a matla. Mebala e fapana haholo 'me ho latela tikoloho.
Seqhobane se monyebe
Sehoho se potlakileng se tloaelehile libakeng tsohle tsa Fora, moo ho nang le matangoana a haufi. Lijo li kenyelletsa liboko, likokoanyana le boroko. Ha serame sena se utloa kotsi, se ka tlohella ho 2 m.
Chura e hola ho fihla ho 9 cm ka bolelele mme e na le maoto a maleletsana haholo a morao. 'Mala oa eona o boreleli, o sootho kapa o motenya, ho boetse ho na le matheba a lefifi mahlakoreng a hlooho.
Reed
Reed toad e tloaelehile ho pholletsa le Fora, empa hangata e haelloa ke meeli e bobebe, e lehlabathe le litopo tsa metsi tse sa tebang. Toad e hola ho fihla ho 10 cm ka bolelele mme e na le maoto a makgutshwane a morao. Mokokotlo oa hae o botala bo botala ebile o letheba, o koaetsoe ke li-tubercles.
Lijo tsa 'mankhonthe ena li na le likokoanyana, liboko le li-slugs. Ha sefaha sa letsoho se ikutloa se tšaba, se ka kenella 'meleng oa sona' me sa ntša monko oa fetid.
Gray heron
Grey heron e tloaelehile ho pholletsa le Fora selemo ho pota. Bolelele ba 'mele oa nonyana hangata bo feta limithara tse 1. Mofuta ona o ka fumanoa haufi le litopo tsa metsi, moo ho nang le lijo tse ngata, joalo ka litlhapi, lihohoana, litsuonyana, likokoanyana le liphoofolo tse anyesang tse nyane.
Heron e na le molala o molelele, maoto a malelele, a masesaane ebile molomo o bolelele, o bohale. 'Mala oa masiba o moputsoa.
Khoeli ea tšimo
Tšitiso ea masimong - nonyana e jang nama, e ajoang karolong e ka bochabela ea France selemo ho pota, 'me bophirima - e tsamaea mariha. Nonyana ena e rata ho phela haufi le mekhoabo, makhulo a matala le matangoana a nang le limela tse teteaneng.
Liphoofolo tsa mofuta ona li na le bolelele ba limilimithara tse 50, 'me li khetholleha ka mapheo le mehatla ea tsona e melelele, eo ka eona li ka nyolohang ka khutso kaholimo ho lefatše. Lijo tsa nonyana ena e khabisang li kenyelletsa litoeba, li-voles le hamsters.
Flamingo e tloaelehileng
Li-flamingo tse tloaelehileng li tloaelehile meralong ea Camargue, ka boroa ho Fora. Bolelele ba 'mele bo fihla ho 1.5 m, le boima ho fihlela ho 4 kg. Boholo ba masiba a nonyana ena a na le 'mala o mopinki, molomo oa hae o mosehla, o na le ntlha e ntšo,' me maoto ke pinki.
Flamingo e lula metsing a sa tebang, moo e jang li-shrimp, lipeo, mohloa, li-mollusks le likokoana-hloko.
Libopuoa tsa leoatle
Kaha Fora e hlatsoitsoe ke metsi a Leoatle la Mediterranean, Leoatle le Leboea, Channel ea Senyesemane le Kou ea Leoatle la Atlantic, limela tsa metsing li fapane haholo. E kenyelletsa liphoofolo tse anyesang tsa maoatleng, tlhapi, khetla, echinoderms le liphoofolo tse ling tse ngata.
Phiri e tloaelehileng
Phoofolo e kholo, sebatana se tsoang lelapeng la canine. E tona e holile e ka ba boima ba 80-90 kg. Ho fihlela lekholong la XX la lilemo li ne li kopana Fora hohle. O ne a hlaba mehlape a bile a hlasela batho. Butle-butle ke ba bakae liphoofolo tsa Fora, e ile ea kenngoa merung e lithabeng e nang le lithaba. Lilemong tsa morao tjena, li-subspecies Canis lupus italicus kapa phiri ea Apennine li qalile ho hlaha ka boroa ho Fora.
Tloaelo e tloaelehileng ea geneta
Mofuta oa sets'oants'o sa lelapa la Wyverrov. E tšoana hantle le katse. Geneta e na le 'mele o molelele - ho fihlela ho 0.5 m le mohatla o molelele - ho fihlela ho 0,45 m. E pentiloe ka' mala o moputsoa oa 'mala o moputsoa o nang le matheba a matšo.
Mohatla - karolo e khahlang ka ho fetisisa ea phoofolo - e boreleli, e khabisitsoe ka metsero e fapaneng. Naha ea habo bona - Afrika. Mehleng e Bohareng e ne e kenngoa Spain, e phatlalalitsoe ho pholletsa le Pyrenees, e phethelletse fauna ea Fora.
Fora, matsoapong a lithaba tsa Alps le tsa Apennines, ka linako tse ling lynx e tloaelehileng e fumanoa. Ena ke e kholo, ka litekanyetso tsa Europe, sebatana se boima ba 20 kg. Ho na le banna ba rekoto bao boima ba bona bo fetang 30kg.
Lynx ke phofu ea bokahohle; lijo tsa eona li kenyelletsa litoeba, linonyana esita le makhoaba a manyenyane. E sebetsang ebile e atleha haholo mariha: li-paws tse kholo, maoto a phahameng le boea bo botenya li nolofatsa bophelo le ho tsoma morung o lehloa.
Katse ea moru
Mohlaseli oa boholo ba feline e bohareng. E kholo ho feta likatse tse ruuoang lapeng, empa e shebahala e ts'oana le tsona, ntle le mohatla - e shebahala e le khutšoane “e khethuoeng”. Likatse tsa moru ke liphoofolo tse tšabehang, tse ipatileng le tse thibele libaka tsa naha tsa anthropomorphic. Naheng ea Fora, subspecies ea Europe Bohareng e lula libakeng tse bohareng ba naha le ka palo e fokolang haholo.
Ntja ea Raccoon
Omnivore o tsoa ho lelapa le leholo la li-canid. Ha e na kamano le li-raccoon, e rehiloe lebitso la raccoon joalo ka lebaka la semelo sa eona sa 'mele sa' mele, 'mala oa lehlakoreng le mmala o ts'oanang. Naha ea habo ntja ke Bochabela bo Hare, ke ka lebaka leo ka linako tse ling e bitsoang foqo ea Ussuri.
Halofo ea pele ea lekholo lena la bo20 la lilemo, liphoofolo li ile tsa kenngoa karolong ea Europe ea Soviet Union e le ho fapanya liphoofolo ka mefuta ea khoebo e tsamaeang ka boea. Hang ha li le maemong a matle, lintja li ile tsa lula Leboea, Bochabela le Europe Bophirima. Linaheng tse ngata tsa Bophirimela e nkoa e le seoa sa likokoanyana 'me e ikemiselitse ho timetsoa.
Fox e tloaelehileng
Mohlaseli ea tloaelehileng oa Europe ea boholo bo nyane. 'Mele, o lekantsoeng hammoho le mohatla, lipapaling tse kholo tsa batho ba baholo, o ka ba bolelele ba limilimithara tse 1,5. Boima ba liphokojoe tse ling bo atamelana le 10 kg. Karolo ea dorsal ea 'mele e pentiloe ka' mala o mofubelu o bonolo, mpa e batla e tšoeu.
Mefuta e sootho e ntšo ka linako tse ling e fumaneha lithabeng tsa Alps; liphokojoe tse nang le melanic, mmala o motšo le tsona li fumanoa hangata. Lits'ebeletso tsa indasteri, tsa kaho le tsa temo ha li thibele liphoofolo. Baeti ba khafetsa metseng ea litoropo le litša tsa mobu.
Nama ea moru
'Mele e tloaelehileng, e butsoitseng e ntšo, aka Mustela putorius - phoofolo, mohlohlelletsi oa lelapa la tumelo. E na le sebopeho se nang le tšobotsi: 'mele o molelele, maoto a makgutshwane, mohatla o otlolohileng. Boholo ba phoofolo e moholo ke hoo e ka bang 1-1,5 kg.
Libaka tse ntle tsa ho tsoma le ho ts'oara ke meru e nyane har'a masimo, mathoko a moru. Ka mantsoe a mang, sebopeho sa Fora se loketse bophelo ba motho ea matla. Boea ba phoofolo bo sebelisitse boleng. Ntle le moo, diphoofolo tsa lapeng e tlatselletsoa ke mefuta e fapaneng ea Ferret - e entsoeng ka letsoho.
Ibex
Artiodactyl ruminant ho tsoa ho lelapa la bovine - Capra ibex. Mabitso a mang a tloaelehile: ezinex, capricorn. Ha e pona, bophahamo ba monna e moholo e fihla ho 0,9 m, boima - ho fihlela ho 100 kg. Tse tšehali li bobebe haholo. Ibex o lula lithabeng tsa Alps tse moeling oa qetellong ea botala le qaleho ea lehloa, leqhoa.
Tse tona li telele ho feta liphoofolo tsa Fora. Setšoantšong hangata li bonts'oa nakong ea mohanyetsi. Ke feela ha ba fihla lilemong tsa 6, li-capricorn li na le monyetla oa ho fumana tokelo ea ho etella le ho ba le sehlopha sa lelapa, mohlape o monyane. Tse tona le tse tšehali, leha li le maemong a thata, li phela halelele - tse ka bang lilemo tse 20.
Liphoofolo tse anyesang tsa metsing tsa France
Leoatleng la Atlantic, lebopong la leoatle la Mediterranean, liphoofolo tse anyesang tse ngata tsa leoatleng li hlaha lebopong la naha. Har'a tsona, tse tummeng haholo ke li-dolphin. Lelapa la dolphin le kenyelletsa genera e 17. Bongata ba tsona li ka hlaha lebopong la Fora. Tse atileng haholo ke li-dolphin, li-dolphin tse tšoeu-barrel le linku tse nyane tsa li-dolphin tse botšo.
Sehlopha sa Dolphin
Li-squirrel li na le 'mala oa mofuta: karolo e lefifi, e batlang e le sootho, mpa e bobebe le lehlakore le mebala le boputsoa kapa boputsoa bo bosehla. E tona e holile ho fihlela ho 2,5 m mme e boima ho fihlela ho 80 kg.
Bongata bo boholo ba li-dolphin tsena li teng Leoatleng la Mediterranean. Li-dolphin li khetha libaka tse bulehileng tsa leoatle, ka seoelo li atamele lebopong. Hangata lihlopha tsa libonase li bontša lebelo la tsona ha li felehelitsoe ke likepe.
Li-dolphin tsa Bottlenose
Mofuta oa li-dolphin, o hasantsoe ho pholletsa le maoatle, ntle le maoatle a polar. Tsena ke li-dolphin tse tloaelehileng ka ho fetisisa. Baahi ba Mediterranean ke batho ba ka bang 10,000. Liphoofolo li hola boholo ba bophelo ba tsona, bolelele ba motho e moholo bo ka fapana ho tloha ho 2 ho isa ho 3 m, boima ho fihlela ho 300 kg.
Mmele o kaholimo o pentiloe ka lithane tse lefifi tsa 'mala o sootho. Karolo e ka tlase, e sephara ke e sootho, e batlang e tšoeu. Boko bo ntlafalitsoeng, bohlale le bokhoni ba ho ithuta bo entse li-dolphin tsa libotlolo libapali tse ka sehloohong liponong tsohle ka ho nka karolo ha liphoofolo tsa metsing.
Finwal
Minke whale kapa herring whale. Phoofolo ea bobeli e kholo ka ho fetisisa lefatšeng 'me ha e le hantle, ke lona feela whale e lulang e le teng Leoatleng la Mediterranean. Bolelele ba motho e moholo bo atamelana le limithara tse 20. Boima - lithane tse 80.
Le boholo bo boholo le bo boholo ba liphoofolo tse lulang karolong e ka boroa ea lefatše. Mathoasong a lekholo la XXI, moeling oa Fora le Italy, Leoatleng la Mediterranean, sebaka sa poloko ea limithara tse 84,000 se ile sa thehoa. km, ho ts'oasa litlhapi ho thibetsoe ho eona 'me ho tsamaisoa ha meeli ke ho haella bakeng sa ho boloka mehlape ea liphoofolo tse metsing, haholo maruarua le liphokojoe.
Linonyana tsa ho ferekana
Hoo e ka bang mefuta e 600 ea linonyana tse fallang le tse fallang ke tsona tse etsang li-avifauna tsa Fora. Eseng ka lefeela phoofolo ea naha ea Fora - Ena ke nonyana, leha e se sefofane: mokoko oa Gallic. Har'a mefuta e fapaneng ea linonyana ho na le libōpuoa tse makatsang le tse sa tloaelehang.
Pink flamingo
Lebitso la bobeli ke flamingo e tloaelehileng. Linonyana li na le mapheo a likorale tse khubelu, masiba a sootho, 'mele kaofela o pinki. Li-flamingo ha li hang-hang li ba joalo, bonyenyaneng 'mala oa masiba a bona o soeufetse. Plumage e fetoha e pinki lilemo tse 3 tsa bophelo. Linonyana li kholo, boima ba motho e moholo ke 3,4-4 kg. Fora, ho na le sebaka se le seng sa li-flamingo - ona ke molomo oa Rhone, Camargue Nature Reserve.
Ntsu e ntšo
Nonyana e hlokolosi e sa tloaelehang ea linonyana naheng ea Fora le linaheng tse ling tsa Europe le Asia, ho fihla libakeng tse hole tsa Russia Bochabela. Nonyana e kholo ka ho lekana, boima ba mefuta ea batho ba baholo e fihla ho 3 kg. Mapheo a mapheo a bulehile bakeng sa 1.5 m. Mmele o ka tlase o mosoeu ke maru. Molomo le maoto li khubelu ebile li telele haholo.
Tloha mahlo
Fora leboea, nonyana e ntle ea linonyana - sekhama se lla. Nonyana e kholo: bongata ba banna bo fihla ho 13 kg, tse tšehali li bobebe habeli. E na le lebitso la eona ka lebaka la tloaelo ea ho lla ha ba bang ha e sokeloa. Nonyana ke setho sa lelapa la mafahla, e na le lebitso la tsamaiso ea Cygnus olor.
Bakeng sa bophelo, o rata matša a manyane, a holimolimo. Linonyana li theha lipara tse sa senyeheng nako e telele. Bohlokoa ba likepe tsa swans tsa ho ba monogamy bo hlahisitse lipale tse 'maloa tse monate.
European Chumble
Nonyana e nyane e tsoang lelapeng la pheasant. Fora, ho lula lithaba tsa Alps le Pyrenees moeling oa moru le sebaka sa lehloa. Batho ba baholo ka ho fetisisa ba boima ba 800 g. Nonyana ha e rate lifofane tse telele le tse phahameng, e khetha ho tsamaea fatše.
Lijo tse ka sehloohong ke tse tala: lijo-thollo, letlobo, monokotsoai. Empa e ka matlafatsa motsoako oa liprotheine ka ho pirate invertebrates. Nonyana e kholo: e behela mahe a 12-15 sehlaheng sa lefats'e.
Dipper
Nonyana e nyane e boima ba ligrama tse 70 le mapheo a cm 35- 40. Plumage e lefifi, e sootho ebile e na le apron e tšoeu sefubeng sa eona. Kwa Fora, dipper e fetisoa ka bongata. Lintoa mabopong a linoka. Ho sesa le ho qoela hantle, ho ka matha ka tlasa metsi. E fepa likokoanyana tse metsing, tse bitsoang crustaceans tse nyane. Ka selemo e etsa clutch habeli, ho e mong le e mong oa malinyane a 5.
Wands
Linonyana tse nyane, tse sa sireletsehang. Bophahamo ba mahetleng bo sootho, bo botala empa ha bo khanya. Mefuta ea limela e fapana hanyenyane ka 'mala le sebopeho sa' mele. Nest ho shrubbery, meru e tsoakaneng le e kopaneng. Hangata Fora ho na le mefuta e mengata ea li-warblers:
- warbler,
- Iberian wand,
- wand-belled wand
- ratchet wand
- wand
- zapochka-zarnichka,
- wand o motala,
- wand-ea hlooho e bobebe.
Peregrine falcon
Phoofolo e jang nama e tloahelehileng ka ho fetisisa. Nonyana e kholo e tsoang lelapeng la falcon. Peregrine Falcon e kenyelelitsoe tsamaisong ea likokoana-hloko tlasa lebitso la Falco peregrinus. Boima bo ka feta 1 kg. Fora, e fumaneha hohle, ntle le libaka tse phahameng tsa lithaba.
Litsie tsa majoe haufi le mafika a noka. Lijo tse tloaelehileng bakeng sa li-falcons: litoeba, liphoofolo tse anyesang tse nyane, linonyana. E sebelisa mokhoa oa tlhaselo e makatsang - ho qoela. Nonyana eo e nkoetsoe, e sebelisetsoa ho foka.
Monna ea nang le litelu
Nonyana e kholohali e khabisang, e karolo ea lelapa la Hawk. Boima ba nonyana maemong a mang bo feta lik'hilograma tse 7, mapheo a otlolotsoe ka limilimithara tse 3. Linonyana tsena tse sa tloaelehang li na le lebitso le fapaneng - konyana.
E kenyelelitsoe tsamaisong ea bioloji joalo ka Gypaetus barbatus. Litelu li ka nkoa e le libatana feela, li khetha ho hlasela linonyana le liphoofolo. Ba tsoma le ho haha lihlaha ka lithabeng, bophahamong ba limithara tse likete tse 2-3.
Liphoofolo tse ruuoang lapeng
Fora ke naha ea rekoto bakeng sa palo ea liphoofolo tse ruuoang lapeng. Ntle le tsa temo le malapeng, Mafora a ka ithorisa ka liphoofolo tse ruiloeng tse limilione tse 61 le tse khabisitsoeng. Ka lerato le tloaelehileng la liphoofolo, ho fumana katse le ntja ha ho bonolo haholo.
Ho hlokahala ho fana ka bopaki ba thepa le solvency ea thepa ea matlo ea mong'a teng. Ha se mefuta eohle ea lintja e lumelloang. Eseng litaba feela, empa hape ho tlisa liphoofolo naheng ea Fora ka thata-thata.
Mefuta e tsebahalang haholo ea ntja:
- Lintja tsa Balisa tsa Jeremane le tsa Belgian,
- Khauta ea Khauta
- American Staffordshire Terrier,
- spaniel,
- chihuahua
- French Bulldog,
- Setters Senyesemane le Irish,
- Yorkshire Terrier.
Mefuta e tsebahalang haholo ea katse:
- Maine Coons
- likatse tsa bengal
- Shorthair oa Borithane,
- Siamese
- sphinxes.
Mafora a etsa boiteko bo bongata ba ho boloka mefuta-futa ea liphoofolo. Ho na le liratsoana tsa naha tse 10 ka hare ho naha. E kholo ho tsona e fumaneha masimong a mose ho maoatle - ho French Guiana.