Ho phela lihlapi tse kae?
Bakae ba phele ka aquarium tlhapi - Molula hore tšoenyang tsimolohong aquarists tse ngata. Ha e le hantle, bophelo ba litlhapi tsa metsing, tse kang tsa sebopuoa leha e le sefe se phelang, bo itšetlehile ka mofuta, boiketlo ba tikoloho le tlhokomelo e nepahetseng.
Ntle le moo, tebello ea bophelo ba lihlapi e itšetleha haholo ka baahi ba leoatle. Ha aquarium ho etsa "compote", joale e ntan'o ba ba phela ba aquarium tlhapi e tla fokotseha sharply. E lokela ho hopoloa ka ho hokahana ha litlhapi tsa aquarium: litlhapi tse khethiloeng ka nepo ha li phele halelele.
Ho bohlokoa hape ho hopola hore litlhapi li na le mali a batang - mocheso oa 'mele oa tsona o lekana le mocheso oa metsi. A phahameng mocheso ka metsing ka aquarium, ea ka lebelo ea metabolism 'meleng oa tlhapi,' me bophelo ba bona e ka potlako ho.
TLHOKOMELISO KE LERATO LA BOPHELO BOPHELO Bongwe
Ke ba bakae ba lulang SHARES BALLlilemo tse 10 -
Ke li-APISTOGRAMS tse kae tse lulang- Lilemo tse 3-5
Kamoo maphelo lengeloi le leng tlhapi PIMELODUS tse ngata- ea lilemo tse 8
Ke li-Astronotuse tse kae tse lulanglilemo tse 10-18 -,
Ke ba bakae ba lulang BARBUSES- Lilemo tse 5-10
Kamoo maphelo a mangata loach ba Tloaelehileng- Lilemo tse 10
LI BOTSI tse kae li phela - a le lilemo li 10-15,
Ke ba bakae ba phelang Guppy Guppylilemo tse 3-5 -
Ke GURAMI e kae- Lilemo tse 4-5
Bakae ba phele ka discus- ea lilemo li 10-18
Danio o phela halelele hakaelilemo tse 5-7 -
Ke ba bakae ba phelang GISH FISH- a le lilemo li 10-30,
Ke Congo e kae e lulang- Lilemo tse 5
Bakae ba phele ka bak'hadinale- Lilemo tse 4
Ke ba bakae ba lulang literateng tsa MAGNIFICENT CATFISHlilemo tse 5-7 -,
LALIUSES tse kae li phela- Lilemo tse 5-6
Bakae ba phele ka labe-- Lilemo tse 4-10
Ke ba bakae ba phelang Swordtail - lilemo tse 3-5
Ke METINIS e kae e phelang- lilemo tse fetang 10,
Bakae ba phele ka mystus- Lilemo tse 5
Ke liNONS tse kae tse lulang- lilemo tse 4,
Ke ba bakae ba phelang MOLINESIA- lilemo tse 4,
Ke ba bakae ba NIMBOCHROMISES ba lulang- lilemo tse fetang 10,
Bakae ba phele ka platies- Lilemo tse 3-5
Ke li-OTOCINCLUSES tse kae tse lulanglilemo tse 5 -
PIRANIA e kae- Lilemo tse 10
Bakae ba phele ka Malawi cichlids- lilemo tse fetang 10,
Ke ba bakae PLEKOSTOMUS ba lulanglilemo tse 7-15 -
Ke poloko e kae- Lilemo tse 5-10
Bakae ba phele ka SINDONTIS- Lilemo tse 5
Ke SECHELETE tse kae tse lulang- a le lilemo li 10-18,
Ke ba bakae ba phelang SCALARIES - lilemo tse fetang 10,
Bakae ba phele ka Com Banjo -Lilemo tse 7-15
TARAKATUM e phela hakae- lilemo tse fetang 10,
Ke batho ba bakae ba phelelang bonna- ea lilemo tse 8
Bakae ba phele ka tetra- Lilemo tse 5-6
Ke ba bakae ba phelang TSIHLAMOZY CHERNOPOLOSYE lilemo tse 10-18
FRONTOSA e phela hakae- O lilemo li 8-15
Bakae ba phele ka tsihlazomy - Lilemo tse 10-15
MORULISES E KHOLO e phela hakaelilemo tse 4-10 -
Ke ba bakae ba TETRADONES ba lulang- Lilemo tse 5
Bakae ba phele ka STURIZOMY- lilemo tse fetang 10,
Ke ba bakae ba phela FISH BRAZGUN- Lilemo tse 5
Bakae ba lula hatchetfish metsi a hloekileng- Lilemo tse 5
RADIUM e nka nako e kaelilemo tse 3-5 -
Ke ba bakae ba lulang PANACIA- lilemo tse fetang 10.
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Bona le:
Nako ea bophelo
Sheba | Ho phela lihlapi tse kae, lilemo |
Akantodoras | 8–10 |
Shark balu | 9 |
Alfaro | 3 |
Ampulyarii (hohotse) | 1–2 |
Anabas | 4 |
Angelo pimelodus | 9 |
Apistogram | 4–5 |
Aploheilus | 3 |
Harlequin | 6 |
Astronotus | 9–18 |
Athosimion | 2 |
Afiosemion | 5 |
Badiis | 2 |
Barbus | 6–10 |
Bedocia | 5 |
Belonesoks | 4–6 |
Belontia | 15 |
Betta | 3 |
Botsiya | 9–16 |
Brochis | 10 |
Bogeyman | 6 |
goby | 5 |
Loach | 8 |
Heterorabdus | 3 |
Girinoheylus | 20 |
Gorchak | 9–10 |
Guppy | 2–5 |
Gourami | 3–5 |
danio | 4–8 |
Danio rerio | 1–2 |
Dianema | 12 |
Discis | 10–17 |
ditlhapigauta | 10–25 |
Jordanella | 4 |
Mok'hadinale | 5 |
bak'hadinale | 4 |
Ktenopoma | 10 |
Canteen | 6 |
Clowns | 15–20 |
Kongo | 6 |
Corridoratus | 6 |
Xenotoka | 5 |
labe- | 3–8 |
Labidochrome | 9–10 |
Leporinus | 5 |
Leporiny | 7 |
Ba fulang metsu | 6 |
Labiosis | 7–11 |
dwarf gourami | 5 |
Macropod | 8 |
Melanotenia | 6 |
Menitis | 10–20 |
Boholo ba lisabole | 4 |
Micro-ikhethang | 3 |
nyenyane | 5 |
Mistus | 5 |
Mogurnda | 8 |
mollies | 4–5 |
Morulis | 9–15 |
Nannostomus | 2 |
Neon | 6–10 |
Nimbochromis | 10–15 |
Notobranchius | 1–2 |
kalaneng | 9 |
Ototsinklus | 4 |
Paku | 10 |
Panaca | 10–16 |
Panakia | 9 |
Panhax | 5–6 |
Fela tsa Line ya | 5 |
Pecilia | 4–5 |
Piranhas | 10 |
Platidor | 8–16 |
Plecostomus | 6–15 |
The parrot | 6 |
pseudotropheus | 10 |
Iris | 3–4 |
Ho qeka | 4–10 |
Rivulus | 4 |
Rocio | 11–19 |
Severum | 9–17 |
Sindontis | 5 |
Angelfish | 9 |
Catfish | 4–16 |
Sturizom | 9 |
Sturizoma | 10–17 |
Thayeria | 6 |
Tarakatum | 10 |
Tetra | 5 |
Tetragonopterus | 12 |
Tetradon | 6 |
Tetradons | 6 |
Umbra | 5 |
Forzoma | 2 |
Frontose | 9–10 |
Haplochromis | 10–17 |
Hemitrofis | 13 |
Tsinolebias | 1–2 |
Cichlazoma | 11–15 |
cichlid | 7–10 |
Epiplatis | 2 |
Erythrosone | 3 |
Saese
Ho sa tsotellehe hore ena, ho ke ke ho susumetsoa, hobane boholo ke litšobotsi tse ka bomong ka mong bakang. Empa ho na le mokhoa ho latela hore na tebello ea bophelo ba mefuta e nyane e lula e le tlase ho feta letšoao le le leng ho mefuta e meholo. Mohlala, litlhapi tse nyane joalo ka lintja, li-neon, li-Cardinals, ha li phele lilemo tse fetang tse hlano. Leha ho le joalo, e mong oa lipotolohong lekgutshwane bophelo beha ka tsinalebiasa Amerika Boroa. Litlhapi tsena li phela likhoeli tse ka bang tse tšeletseng.
Ha ho bapisoa, karolelano ea nako ea bophelo mefuteng e meholo ke lilemo tse 12-18. Leha ho le joalo, ho na le mefuta e 'maloa eo ba ka phela ho fihlela ho lilemo tse 40.
Ho etsa thobalano le hona ho khetholla nako eo liphoofolo li lokelang ho phela ka eona. Hangata ho banna, pontšo ena e kholo ho feta ho basali. Maemong a mang phapang e ka ba ho fihlela ho lilemo tse 2-3. Sena se bakoa ke taba ea hore mafumahali a basali. Sena sohle se thefula mmele mme se etsa hore se be kotsing haholo nakong e tlang. Hape kotsi e lahlele ba ka boeona tšebetso e, hobane maemo a fosahetseng kapa ho hloka koetliso e khethehileng batho ka bomong, ho na le ke kotsi ya lefu la 'mè oa hae.
U ka khetholla lilemo tsa litlhapi tsa aquarium joang?
Pele u reka, o lokela ho etsa bonnete ba hore litlhapi tse nyane li sesa ka metsing a lebenkele la liphoofolo tse ruiloeng. E fellang kateng le e bonolo: mocha re fallele ka mafolofolo, sekala hae ka mokhoa o benyang, leihlo - botsoalle ntle haze.
Litlhapi tsa khale kapa tse kulang ha li sebetse kapa li robetse ka tlase ho metsi. Leha ho le joalo, mefuteng e meng, matšoao a botsofali a hlaha nakoana pele ho lefu. Ka mohlala, batho ba batsho tetra discolored, na barbs flakes motho oa, ka mapheoana makropody sag.
Ebe u lokela ho ela hloko mebala. Ha e le molao, li-fry lia paler ha li bapisoa le 'mala o khanyang oa batho ba baholo. Ka mohlala, 'mala oa Sabole thehoa nakong ea likhoeli pele ea bophelo' me a le lilemo li likhoeli tse tšeletseng, tlhapi e na le 'mala o motle.
Fryfish ea Goldfish e khetholloa ke 'mala o moputsoa oa botala, e na le mohatla o potolohileng. Li-antiscistruses tsa katse tse nyane li rekisoa ntle le moemeli sefahlehong - li hlahella ho ba batona kamora selemo.
Likorilla tse nyenyane haholo ho feta batho ba baholo ba lefatše ka tlas'a metsi. Ho bohlokoa ho botsa morekisi ka maemo ao litlhapi li neng li bolokiloe ho ona. Ho joalo, boholo bo nyane bo ka supa maemo a bophelo bo bobe ba litlhapi le ho haella ha lijo.
Ke lintho life tse amang bophelo ba teng?
Nako eo bophelo ba tlhapi e amangoang haholo ke bong ba bona. Tse tona li phela halelele ho feta tse tšehali (haholo-holo ho mefuta e tsoetseng pele). Tšehali hangata e shoa ho tloha mokhathala nakong ea bokhachane kapa mora spawning atleha. Phapang ea tebello ea bophelo bakeng sa mefuta efe kapa efe ke lilemo tse ka bang 1-2.
Ntle le phapang ea bong, litsebi li supa lintlha tse 'maloa tse amang nako e telele ea litlhapi tsa metsing. Simololang aquarists lokela hlahloba bona ka ho qaqileng le ho feta.
Mocheso oa metsi le boemo
Boemo ba bohlokoa ke mocheso oa metsi ka har'a aquarium. Mefuta e meng nahanela ho liphetoho honyenyane mocheso. Leha ho kheloha ha likhato tse 1-2 ho ka lebisa ho kuleng le lefung la phoofolo ea lapeng.
Thermoregulation ka boeona ea tlhapi ha e eo ka ho felletseng, ka hona, lits'ebetso tsa metabolic 'meleng oa bona li amana ka kotloloho le mocheso oa metsi - a phahameng mocheso, e khōlō sekhahla bona tshilong ya dijo.
Ke khale ho hlokometsoe hore mafika a metsi a futhumetseng a phela tlase ho feta balekane ba bona, ba ratang maemo a batang haholo. Bana ba lilemo tse lekholo kaofela ke mefuta ea litlhapi tsa khauta. Ka nako e tšoanang le phihlelo breeders re ho phaella ho lerato la metsi a batang, majoe ana a tšoauoa ka ratang khotso tlhaho, e leng se etsang ba baahelani ba molemo.
Ntho e 'ngoe ea bohlokoa ke boemo ba metsi. Mokelikeli o tlameha ho fihlela litlhoko tsa mofuta o itseng, ka hona, pele o reka o lokela ho etsa bonnete ba hore ke mefuta e futhumetseng kapa e batang feela e lulang ka har'a metsi.
Lokela ho ho nahana ka dikgethollo tsa kgethile bakang acidity le metsi thatafala, 'me boloka maemo a mocheso. Mohlala, discus le scalar li hloka hore mocheso oa metsi o be bonyane likhato tse 25-31, acidity - 5.5-6.5 Ph le ho ba thata - likoto tsa 1-4.
Bakeng sa litlhapi tsa viviparous, acidity ea metsi e lokela ho ba 7-8.5 Ph ka boima ba 15-25 le mocheso oa likhato tse 23-28. Bakeng sa labyrinth ea, litšoantšo li 6.5-6.7, 5-10, 23-28, ka ho latellana.
Ho thatafala le acidity ea metsi ho ikemiselitse ho sebelisa liteko tse ikhethang, mocheso o hlahlojoa ho sebelisoa thermometer. Litlhapi tsa Aquarium li ikamahanya le maemo a bonolo, empa mefuta e mengata e hloka metsi a boima bo lekaneng. A mefuta e kang barbs, cockerels le metsi Neon bonolo loketse feela.
Har'a lintho tse ling, aquarium e hloka ho hloekisoa khafetsa, hobane metsi a litšila a nang le chefo, libaktheria tsa pathogenic li nts'etsapele ho eona, tse nang le phello e mpe maemong a tlhapi. Ka hona, likarolo tse tlamang tsa aquarium e lokela ho ba compressor le filthara bakeng sa tlhoekiso ea metsi. Le nakong ea boraro ho tloha bophahamo ba modumo ka sehloohong la ho nkeloa sebaka sireletsa metsi a hloekileng.
Motseng o nepahetseng
Mefuta e khethiloeng ka nepo e na le tšusumetso e kholo molemong oa bophelo ba baahi ba maoatle. Mohlala, ba batona ba mabifi phelisana hantle le bagre phlegmatic le khutso Tetra makrognatusami, kyulyami, platypus.
Mefuta eohle ea litlhapi tsa khauta e phela hammoho hantle, empa ho molemo ho se tlohelle baemeli ba fokolang ba liphoofolo tsa aquarium ho tsamaea. Li -fishfish li na le melemo e mengata, li lula li batla lijo ebile li ka ja le baahisani ba tsona. Lumelloa tikolohong le tarakatumom kapa Corydoras.
Hammoho le li-guppies tse nyane, bots, neon, hammoho le boputsoa, bosoeu, daemane, strip e tala le tethes ea lemone, li tla kopana. Baahelani ba molemo bakeng sa barba e tla ba lisabole, zebrafish, bots le gourami.
cichlids Carnivorous se ke fapana ho amohela baeti, empa phelisana hantle ka tanka e mong le bagre, gourami botsiyami le (haholo-holo haeba ba ne ba ntse a hōla hammoho). Li-cichlid tse metsero e ntšo, linaleli, discus, mileus, khubelu e khubelu ea chemichromis le piranhas.
Joalo ka baahelani ba libatana tsena, mefuta e 'meli ea li-cichlomas le tsona li loketse - bonolo le severum. leha e le efe e tla lemohuoa ka bakitoko tsena kotsi e le tlhahiso, e le u se ke ua leka le ho robala e 'ngoe.
Bahlahisi ba nang le boiphihlelo ba re ho bokella mefuta e lumellanang ea litlhapi ha hoa lekana. U hloka ho fa liphoofolo tsa hau tsa lapeng ka bolulo ka mokhoa oa li-grottoes kapa mohloa o lenngoeng haholo, moo li ka ipatang le ho phomola.
Ho bohlokoa ho qoba overcrowding sa tanka - haeba matla tse nyenyane ho phela ka eona swarms 'maloa tse khōlō, tlhapi ke kamehla tlas'a khatello ea kelello, le lifespan bona a tla fokola haholo.
Mokhoa oa matla
Ka lebenkeleng la liphoofolo tse ruuoang lapeng, o ka khetha lijo tse lokiselitsoeng tse entsoeng bakeng sa mofuta o itseng oa litlhapi tsa aquarium. Ba bang ba fepa ka kgothaletsa e 'mala tlhaho, ha ba bang ba thusa ho ntlafatsa sireletsehile maloetseng ana. Ho na le lihlahisoa tse fapaneng le tse jang litlhapi le litlhapi tse jang limela.
Likhetho tse akaretsang tsa mefuta e metle le tse makatsang lia rekisoa. Monyetla ho reka lijo tsa tlhapi e monyenyane le 'crustaceans. Lipheho tsohle li thehiloe motheong oa likarolo tsa tlholeho, u se ke oa qholotsa kholo ea li-algae ka metsing le ho kenya letsoho ho phetapheng ha litlhapi ka potlako.
Leha ho le joalo, phepelo e felisitsoeng e phahame haholo ka lik'halori, ka hona litlhapi ha li na ho fepuoa ka tsona. Ho seng joalo, mefuta e meng ea ka shoelang batenya ho tlola tekano tse ling. Leha boitšoaro ba lihlapi bo sa bonts'e kotsi, ho bohlokoa ho ela hloko boemo ba tikoloho ea metsing.
Haeba e ka ja metsi a mangata, metsi a fetoha moholi kapele ka mor'a ho a busetsa, lekhala le mabota a sejana li qala ho thella. Ka holim 'a filimi metsi Ho thehoa,' me e mokelikeli ho tswa ho a sa thabiseng nkha hol.
Bakeng sa ho qoba mathata, o lokela ho etsa kemiso e itseng ea ho fepa le ho e latela ka tieo. Haeba lelapa le na le bana ba banyenyane, le lokela ho ba hlalosetsa hore litlhapi li feptjoa feela ka lihora tse hlalositsoeng hantle.
Sebakeng se loketseng o ile a sebeletsa lijo lokela ho jeoa ka mor'a metsotso e. Haeba sena se sa etsahale, lijo tsa lihlapi tsa aquarium li lokela ho hlahlojoa. Ho joalo, mohato ka mong oa tsoelo-pele, motho ka mong o na le litlhoko tsa hae tsa ho ja.
likhothaletso tsena ka 'na ha bonahala eka e likhathatso haholo, empa ha e le hantle, ho tloha simololang aquarist hlokahale feela le boikutlo bo nang le boikarabelo ikutloeleng nakong e tlang phoofolo ea lapeng bona. Ntle le moo, mong le e mong oa aquarium o batla ho ba motlotlo ka bokhoni ba bona ba ho holisa le ho ba le litlhapi tse ntle tse khanyang.
Ho lelefatsa bophelo joang?
Fish phela nako e telele haeba mong'a tla ba hantle feela ho phetha ba bang ba melao e bonolo ea ho hlokomela ba. Haholo-holo, li amana le ho hlatsoa khafetsa ha metsi, ho hloekisa libaka ka nako e loketseng le ho latela kemiso ea phepelo.
Litlhapi tse kulang li hloka kalafo e nakong. Ho thibela seoa, liphoofolo kulang ba lokela ho ka thōko ho tloha tanka le tšoaroa ka setshelo arohaneng. E le hore liphoofolo tsa lapeng li tsebe ho ipata le ho phomola, li lokela ho jala mohloa o phelang ka har'a metsi.
Ho bohlokoa ho qoba ho ata ha bongata, ho seng joalo litlhapi li tla ba le khatello ea maikutlo kamehla. dikgetho tse ngata bakeng sa ho bala palo ea litlhapi nkoa khang, kahoo litsebi nkhothaletsa ho qala le bokgoni ba displacement le boholo ba litlhapi.
Mohlala, litlhapi tse ka bang 4 cm ka boholo joalo ka mok'hadinale, guppy, parsing kapa neon li tla shebahala hantle kahara metsi a lilithara tse 10 ka bophara ba litara e le 1 ho motho ka mong. Bakeng sa pecilia ea lisentimitara tse 6, meutloa, Hasemanias, rhodostomus, e nyane le barbus, moalo oa litha e 20 o loketse. Lema segokanyipalo - 1.5 a etsang dilitara tse ka ho ya ka motho ka mong.
Swordsman, mollies, apistogram, sefapano, barbus e ntšo e lokela ho kenngoa kahara metsi a lilithara tse 150 ka tekanyo ea lilithara tse 3-10 tsa metsi ka tlhapi e le ngoe. Bakeng sa tlhapi e kholo ea khauta, angelfish le zebrafish ea Malabar, moalo oa lilithara tse 200 o loketse. melao e itseng ka palo ea litlhapi ha e le teng, ho ke ke habohlokoa ho nahana ka sebōpeho sa motho ka mong ka ho fetisisa.
Litlhapi tse kholo tse kang cichlamose, astronotus le acara li tla ba le lilithara tse 250 (bakeng sa para) kapa 500 - bakeng sa mohlape. Discus e hloka maemo a ikhethileng - ba hloka aquarium ea litha e 200 ka lebelo la litha e le 50 ka motho ka mong.
Litlhapi feela hore overpopulation e na le molemo, ke Malawi cichlids - baahi le letšo-letšo etsa hore ba tlase mabifi. Litlhapi tse ka tlase ka kakaretso ha li eloe hloko. Haeba sebaka se fallisoang se lumella, o ka kenya li-catfish le bots kahare ho aquarium. Ka setshelo 'ngoe ho fumana bolokolohi ka burrowing 5 KGS-KGS le sucker ngoe.
Melao eohle le likhothaletso tse tšohliloeng ka holimo li tla thusa monna oa sesole sa metsing hore a iketsetse lefatše la hae le ka tlas'a metsi le ho lelefatsa bophelo ba baahi ba lona.
Malebela a ho qala maoatle a marang-rang, bona video e latelang.
Boemo ba metsi
Ho boloka bohloeki bo sa lekaneng ho baka nts'etsopele ea libaktheria, livaerase le libaktheria tsa pathogenic. Ka metsing a nang le litšila, bongata ba masala a tlhaho le chefo a phahame. Tikolohong ena, mofuta ofe kapa ofe ke ke ba phela nako e telele. Metsi a litšila a etsa hore ho hema ho be thata le ho koala mpa.
Ho hloekisa metsi, kenya compressor le filthara kahara metsi. Leha ho le joalo beke le beke, nka sebaka 1/3 tsa bophahamo ba modumo kakaretso ea metsi a hlwekileng. E sireletsoa esale pele bakeng sa matsatsi a 'maloa e le hore palo ea chlorine e se ke ea utloisa liphoofolo tse ruuoang lapeng ka tlasa metsi.
Lijo tse nepahetseng
Lijo tse nang le phepo e ntle li fana ka metabolism, e fana ka matla. Hlokomela mokhoa oa ho fepa, leka ho qoba ho ja ho tlōla le khaello ea phepo. Haeba bana ba hlokomela liphoofolo tse ruuoang lapeng, sheba leihlo hore na u fepa e feng. Palo ea lijo e khethoa ke mofuta oa litlhapi le boholo. Empa ba bang ba aquarists lumela hore ho hlokahala hore a felisa fepa ka ha phoofolo ea lapeng e fepa ho fihlela le ha e sa hloka lijo. Empa ho na le mefuta e sa foleng e ka bolaang ke ho nona. Ho nona ho feta tekano ho lebisa ho fokotseheng ha bophelo.
Kotsi le underfeeding. Ha phoofolo ea lapeng e tsofala, ho hlokahala tlhokomelo e phethahetseng haholoanyane ha o pheha lijo.
Lijo
Bohlokoa ba phepo bophelong ba phoofolo e ruuoang lapeng bo ke ke ba nyenyefatsoa.ho na le makgetha a ho itseng oa matla e lokelang ho hlokomelwa le batho ka bomong ka mong mofuta oa tlhapi. Empa ho na le melao e 'maloa e lumellanang le liphoofolo tse ngata:
- Lijo li lokela ho fapana, li na le protheine le lijo tsa semela (empa li ngata ka tsela e amohelehang).
- lijo tsohle lokela ho fetisetswa ka bonolo ho sebelisoa mofuta o kapa ka boholo bo mabothobotho.
- Ha hoa lumelloa ho tšoasa litlhapi tse ngata haholo. Ho nona ke sesosa sa maloetse a mangata a fokotsang boleng le bophelo bo bolelele.
- Ke bohlale ho sebelisa fepa ka ho khetheha, tse loketseng mefuta e itseng ea litlhapi.
Ha o etsa lijo tse nepahetseng mme o latela litlhahiso tsohle, phoofolo ea lapeng e tla ba matla, e thabile hape e phetse hantle.
Nako ea bophelo
Joale lihlapi li phela lilemo tse kae kahara metsi? The phela tsa tlhapi ka fapana ho ea ka 1 selemo ho lilemo tse 15.
Nako e tloaelehileng e ka baloa feela bakeng sa mofuta o itseng, ha palo ea lilemo e phela e ka nyoloha kapa ea fokotseha ho latela maemo a botlamuoeng.
Maemo a bophelo a na le tšusumetso e kholo molemong oa bophelo. esita le ka ho fetisisa a ikokobelitse a phele ka behang litlhapi.
Ka setsing se seholo sa metsi se nang le baahisani ba nang le khotso le mmuso o nang le bokhoni ba ho fepa, litlhapi tsena li ka ba bolelele ba 10 cm mme li phela lilemo tse fetang 5.
Ho itšetleha ka eng?
ka nako e kae tla litlhapi ka aquarium hao e itšetlehile ka lintho tse ngata. Ba bang ba tla fetoha, ba bang ba ka ameha.
Bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa ke: boholo ba mofuta oa tsoalo, bong, mocheso oa metsi, palo ea baahi ba maoatle, bokhoni ba ho tloaelana le baahisani, lijo.
The bakang le boholo
Boholo ba litlhapi ke ba mantlha. Litlhapi tse nyane tse nang le bolelele ba 'mele ho isa ho 5 cm ha li phele nako e telele haholo.
Baemeli ba ntseng e tsoela pele e kholo thabela beng nako e teleleho ba liphoofolo tse ruuoang lapeng ka botlalo, hoo e ka bang litho tsa lelapa.
Litlhapi tse boholo bo mahareng li ka phela lilemo tse 10- 12, mme baemeli ba mehlape e meholo ka ho fetisisa lilemo tse 15 kapa ho feta.
Ba batona ke hoo e ka bang kamehla ba phele ka nako e telele ho feta ba batsehali, ka linako tse ling phapang ke lilemo tse 1-2.
Litlhapi tse tšehali tsa mehlape e fokolang e phelisang hangata li tloaetse ho shoa kapelehangata a hlokahala hang kamora ho hlaha.
Sena se etsahala ka lebaka la ho depletion matlotlo litlhapi tsa 'mele nakong ea bokhachane' me ka lebaka la ho spawning atleha.
Mocheso oa metsi
Litlhapi ha li na li-thermoregulation tsa tsona, 'mele ea bona e na le mocheso oa metsi. Phapanyetsano dithulaganyo tsoela pele ka potlako ho feta, a phahameng mocheso ka.
Sena se bolela hore baahi ba metsi a futhumetseng a phelang ka metsing ba tla qeta bophelo ba bona ka potlako ho feta baemeli ba mehlape e ratang metsi a batang. Mohlala o tloaelehileng oa sena ke baemeli ba bangata ba lelapa la carp.
Phahameng nako ya libonela-hōle bophelo, veiltail le mefuta e sa tsoaneng tse ling tsa ditlhapigauta e etsa hore ho be le khotso, esita le phlegmatic tlhaho le metsi a batang ka mokhoa o hlakilenge khethiloeng ke litho tsohle tsa lelapa lena.
Baahi le tikolohong
Ho eketseha ha metsi ka bongata ho ka ama hampe bophelo ba baahi.
Hangata boemo bo eketsoa ke khetho e sa lokang ea mefutaHo feta ho etsa sebe ka budding phihlelo litabeng tsa ntoa ho nka li matha ka mahlo a reke para ea mong le e mong oa mofuta ofe rata ho litlhapi.
Ka lebaka leo, metsi a mpefala kapele ka pokellong ea maiketsetso, ho a hloekisa ho thata, 'me baahi ba loantšana, ba lahleheloa ke litelu le mapheo.
Matšoenyeho le ho lemala 'meleng ha li eketse bophelo bo botleLe litlhapi ba shoa pele ho moo ho feta mofuta oa bophelo.
Tlhaho ea motho ka mong
Baemeli ba mefuta e mabifi, ba sa khone ho phelisana le baahisani ba bona, ha ba phele halelele. Tsena li akarelletsa, ka mohlala, ba batona, hloka hlokolosi haholo kgetho ya baahelani ba fetang pond ena.
Phello e tla ba likotsi, ho tsofala ho sa feleng, ho tsoa likotsi le khatello ea maikutlo, tse tla fokolisa haholo nako ea bona ea bophelo.
Boemo ba bohloeki ka har'a leoatle
Bohlokoa e hloekileng metsi ka aquarium ho, e fihlelwang ka ts'ebetso ea lits'ila le ho hloekisa mobu ka nako ka tšebeliso ea siphon.
Haeba maemo ana a tlotsoa, litaba tsa chefo li eketseha ka metsing, e leng se qholotsang nts'etsopele ea maloetse a mangata a fella ka lefu la pele ho litlhapi.
liphello haholo-holo khafetsa tšilafalo ea metsi - ho se sebetse ea mafu a matšoafo le tshilong ya dijo.
Ho holisa lilemo tsa phoofolo ea lapeng?
Matleng a mong'a aquarium feela eketsa bophelo ba liphoofolo tse ruuoang lapeng. Taba ea bohlokoa ke eketsa e ke ke ea sebetsa, hobane melao ea tlhaho li tšoanang le bakeng sa mong le e mong.
Leha ho le joalo, ho bohlokoa ho nka mekhoa eohle e fumanehang bakeng sa sena:
- khetha mefuta ea litlhapi e tsamaeang hantle,
- ho kopanela leka ho qoba litaba tse ka hare ba batona ba loana tlhapi,
- latela melao ea ho rarolla qhobosheane ea leoatle, qoba ho ata ka bongata,
- hloekile ka nako e loketseng,
- fepa ka liphoofolo tse ruuoang lapeng ba phele ka lijo ha ho khoneha, ka nako e loketseng ho hloekisa litlhaka kahare
- haeba lijo tse ommeng li sebelisoa, li fane ka tieo ho latela tloaelo, thibela tšilafalo ea tsona ka metsing le mobung,
- Fana ka sebaka ka ka metsing bakeng sa lilakane tsa mehloaare e phelang, e tla lumella lihlapi hore li balehe ho lelekisa le ho qoba khatello ea maikutlo e sa hlokahaleng.
- nako ea ho alafa litlhapi kula.
Haeba ho sa khonehe ho folisa litlhapi, li tla tlameha ho senngoa. Ho hauhela ka mokhoa o feteletseng ho ka fella ka ho lahleheloa ke litlhapi tsohle.
Ka nako bakeng sa baemeli ba ntseng e tsoela pele e fapaneng
Lelapa | Nako ea bophelo | Baemeli |
Cyprinids | lilemo tse 5-10 | li-barbs, zebrafish, labio, Cardinals |
Lilemo tse 15-20 | libonela-hōle veiltail le mefuta e sa tsoaneng tse ling tsa ditlhapigauta | |
Characine | Lilemo tse 4-6 | tetras, Neon, bana |
Lilemo tse 15-25 | piranha | |
Cichlids | lilemo tse 8-10 | angelfish, lilakane, liloku tsa malawian |
Lilemo tse 18-20 | Astronotus, tsihlazomy | |
Pecilia (viviparous cyprinids) | Lilemo tse 3-5 | guppies, platypus, platies |
Aterin | Lilemo tse 4-5 | ladigezi, silverside khubelu, la Seoa Sea silversides, silversides peli molumo |
SOM | Lilemo tse 4-5 | thobosha bagre, khalase bagre |
Lilemo tse 7-8 | ancitrus | |
lilemo tse 15-20 | platidoras | |
Pomacenter | lilemo tse 15-20 | litlhapi tsa clown, dascils, chrysipters |
Labyrinth | lilemo tse 5-7 | gourami, laliuse |
Lilemo tse 4-6 | cockerels | |
Iris | Lilemo tse 4-5 | Bochabela Donaciinae, elegantne sisyrinchium |
Sturgeon | Lilemo tse 15-20 | Sturgeon, Sturgeon |
E le hore liphoofolo tsa hau tse ratoang li lule le uena nako e telele kamoo ho ka khonehang, o hloka ho li bopa maemo a loketseng, fana ka lilithara tsa metsi tse lekaneng motho ka mong, hlokomela puso ea phepelo le ho hlatsoa metsi ka nako.
Ka aquarium la hae la pele e molemo ka ho fetisisa ea ho rarolla tse seng kae le bonolo ho hlokomela bakeng sa litlhapi tsa mefuta e 'ngoe, joale o tla tlisa thabo le tlisa mathata le mahlomola.
Ke li-SCALARIES tse kae tse phelang - lilemo tse fetang 10,
Ke ba bakae ba phelang Com Banjo - Lilemo tse 7-15
Ke ba bakae ba phelang TARAKATUM- lilemo tse fetang 10,
Ke ba bakae ba phelang SETKLYANNYE Soma - ea lilemo tse 8
Ke ba bakae ba phelang tetra- Lilemo tse 5-6
Ke ba bakae ba phelang TSIHLAMOZY CHERNOPOLOSATNYE lilemo tse 10-18
Ke ba bakae ba phelang FRONTOSA lilemo tse 8-15 -
Ke ba bakae ba phelang CYCHLAMOSES — a le lilemo li 10-15,
Ke ba bakae ba phelang MORULISI MORULIS lilemo tse 4-10 -
Ke ba bakae ba phelang TETRADONES- lilemo tse 5,
bakae u phele LITLHAKISO - lilemo tse fetang 10,
kamoo maphelo a mangata TS'ELISOBRAZGUN - lilemo tse 5,
bakae u phele Wedges - lilemo tse 5,
Ke ba bakae ba phelang Donaciinae - Lilemo tse 3-5
Ke ba bakae ba phelang Panaca - lilemo tse fetang 10.
Mefuta e lulang metsing a letsoai
Bakae ba phele ka aquarium tlhapi e khetha metsi letsoai? Ho sa tsotelloe kabo e patisaneng malapeng a bana le mathata a ho a hlokomela, barati ba bang ba ntse ba leka ho ba fa maemo ohle a ho phela. Ho lelefatsa bophelo ho ka baka tekanyo e lekanang ea letsoai ka metsing, phepo e nepahetseng le bophahamo bo loketseng ba aquarium. Fetisisa tlhapi metsing phela ka aquariums setjhaba, moo ba ileng ba phela ka maemo a molemo ka ho fetisisa. Litlhapi tse ngata tsa metsi a letsoai li hlaseloa ke mafu qalong ea bophelo ka lebaka la tlhokomelo e mpe.
Mefuta e meng e phela metsing a brackish e phela ho tloha ho lilemo tse peli ho isa ho tse nne. Har'a bona tlhapi serurubele, Semandarin, Moorish litšoantšo, bullhead, leoatle pawl speed, monodaktilus (fish-engole), triggerfish, tlhapi ngaka degu. Likepe tse ngata tse nyane tsa leoatleng li lula metsing a liphoofolo ka lilemo tse 3-4. Li-seahorses tse kholo li ka phela nako e telele, empa ha li fumanehe hangata bakeng sa aquarium ea lapeng.
Hardier metsing mefuta e ka phela le botlamuoeng ka lilemo tse 10 le ho feta: ho tlhapi tau, Clown, eel le groupers. Hona le mefuta e mengata ea li-angelfish e phela nako e telele metsing a brackish. Mangeloi a lihlapi tsa leoatleng a ka phela lilemo tse fetang tse 20, 'me a hola ka mokhoa o hlollang.
E loketseng kgetho ya baahelani ba
Hore na litlhapi tse ngata tsa leoatle li phela lilemo tse kae ho latela khetho ea moahelani. Khetha baahisani ba hau eseng ka botle ba bona le ho tšoana ha bona ka ntle, empa ka mofuta oa bona. Esita le litlhapi ho fetisisa khotso e tla ke tšohile 'me ba tšoha tlas'a litlhaselo tsa kamehla ke baahelani ba mabifi. Ka nako e 'ngoe mefuta e fapaneng ea litlhapi e jang e mong le e mong, hofihlella e khaola mapheoana le mehatla. Empa joale e ngolloa mofuta o mong le o mong oa litlhapi tseo o lumellanang le tsona ebile o sa lumellane.
Wrong khetha baahelani ba itlhomme pele ho overpopulation aquarium. Tekanyo ea palo ea batho le boholo ba sebaka sa bona li ama bophelo ba litlhapi. Sena se bohlokoa ka ho khetheha bakeng sa tlhapi e le 'ngoe. A phahameng baahi ba ka ho eketsehileng, le tsekamelo ea ho hatisa baahi bohle.
Qeto
Nako eo bophelo ba litlhapi bo lebelloang ka eona e itšetlehile ka hore na o tsotelloa hakae le ho hlokomeloa ke mong'a eona. Tlhokomelo e fuoang phoofolo ea hau ea lapeng e tla eketsa bophelo ba hae nako e telele ho feta meriana le litlatsetso tsa bophelo bo botle. Ka mor'a hore tsohle, ke habohlokoa ho feta ho shebella haufi-ufi le ho hlokomelloa sireletsehileng ya hao phoofolo ea lapeng ho feta masoabi, e le hore bophelo ba bona e joalo e khutšoanyane.
Bohloeki ba Aquarium
Tlhokomelo e lokela ho nkuoa kahara metsi ka hloko le kamehla. Ha re khanna Tsamaiso ena, phoso ea (kapa ba sieo ha lona) ho la libaktheria le pokello qala ho ata, 'me hlaha tshwaetso lefu excitatory. Bohloeki ka har'a aquarium bo kenyeletsa:
- Phetetso ea metsi khafetsa (hangata 30-35% ea kakaretso eohle hang ka beke),
- Kamehla o hlahloba le disebediswa tse (mabone, filthara, aerator, joalo-joalo) le Phetolo lona ha ho hlokahala,
- Ho hloekisa mobu nako le nako
- U sebelisa feela lisebelisoa tsa boleng bo phahameng (mobu, sebaka se setle, joalo-joalo)
- Latelwa le baahi aquarium (haelloa la overpopulation). Ha sebaka sa polokelo se phethoa, ho na le mathata a teng pakeng tsa lijo pakeng tsa batho, phepelo e sa laoleheng ea lijo, mabifi, ho mpefala ha boemo ba metsi, kotsi ea libaktheria ho ata le ponahalo ea tšoaetso.
Ho etsa liphoso
Breeding ke bohato ba bohlokoa haholo, e leng se seng le se seng aquarist lefang tlhokomelo hlokahala. Empa bophelo bo botle ba e seng ba basali feela, empa le ba bana bohle bo latela hore na ketsahalo ena e etsahala joang.
Bakeng sa mofuta o mong le o mong, maemo a ho ikatisa ka bomong a thehoa. Empa ha spawning bakang efe kapa efe u se lokela ho ela hloko ho dintlha tse latelang:
- Litekanyetso tsa metsi. Hangata mocheso mobung o solang o lokela ho ba holimo ho feta metsing a tloaelehileng.
- Litekanyo otsadnik.
- Makolopetso kapa meralo e khethehileng bakeng sa ho sesa. Mefuta e meng e rata ho hlahella e le mabalane a bulehileng, athe tse ling li ea libakeng tse sa bonoheng.
- Bonesa.
- Boitšoaro ba botsoali. Ha se lihlapi tsohle tseo e leng batsoali ba tsotellang 'me li lula li hlokomela bana. Mefuta e meng, e seng feela u se ke ua tsotella namane, empa le tsona li ja. Ka hona, ntlheng ena, batsoali ba hloka ho lengoa hang ka mor'a ngoana.
Litekanyetso tsa metsi
Hore na phoofolo ea lapeng e tla ikutloa joang kahara metsi ka kotloloho e ipapisitse le likarolo tsa metsi. Ka palo yohle ho na le litsupa tse tharo tsa bohlokoa:
Tsena kaofela ke motho ka mong mme li thehiloe li nahanela litšobotsi tsa mofuta o mong le o mong.
Ho bohlokoa ho hopola hore hoo e ka bang litlhapi tsohle ha li na mokhoa oa ho ikatisa. Ka lebaka leo, sete mocheso e lokela ho ba atamela ka boikarabelo bo boholo. Bakeng sa lihlapi tse ngata tse chesang tse mongobo, mocheso oa 25-30 ° C o nkoa o amoheleha. Mefuta e meng e ka phela metsing a futhumetseng a fokolang. E boetse e ho ile ha thehoa hore liphoofolo tse ruuoang lapeng thermophilic hangata e phela ka tlase ho ba neng ba tšoana le metsi a batang.
Litlhapi li na le litlhoko tse fokolang bakeng sa ho thatafala ha metsi le acidity ho feta mocheso. Mefuta e mengata e bile e tseba ho ikamahanya le maemo a behiloeng. Empa e Ke habohlokoa ho hopola hore ba bang ba tlhapi nahanela haholoanyane ho litsupa tsena, le hloka ka tsela e khethehileng.
Acidity le ho ba thata ho khethoa ke liteko tse ikhethang. Mocheso oa metsi - o nang le thermometer.
Mefuta e meng ea litlhapi nahanela haholoanyane ho ditekanyetso ka metsing, ba bang - ka tlaase ho moo. Empa, ha rea lokela ho lebala hore bakeng sa mefuta e meng, leha ho fetoha ka mokhoa o fokolang ho e 'ngoe ea matšoao ho ka ba kotsi kapa hona ho bolaea.
Khetho ea baahelani
Ha u sheba aquarium kapa letamong ka likarolo, tlhapi foreshe ke kamehla hlokahala ho lefa a lebisa tlhokomelo ho sebeletsana baahi. Letšoao lena ha le khethoe feela ke batho bao ho buuoang ka bona, empa le boholo ba liphoofolo tse ruuoang lapeng. Ho se sebetse hantle ha tikoloho ho ka baka khatello e matla ea e 'ngoe ea litlhapi, litlhaselo tse sa khaotseng kapa esita le lieta. Tabeng mpe ka ho fetisisa, batho ba ka sehloohong ja se fokolang haholo.
Hape, ntho ea mantlha ha u khetha baahisani, ntle le boholo le sebopeho, ke ho lumellana ho latela maemo a metsi. Ho bohlokoa hore litlhapi tsohle li ka ba teng ka mokhoa o lekanang maemong a behiloeng letamong.