Mohlomong e 'ngoe ea liphoofolo tse tsosang khang ka ho fetisisa lefatšeng ke koena. Motho e mong o e nka e le mpe ebile e le tšollo ea mali, motho e mong o nahana hore e na le thuso, 'me ba bang ba na le bonnete ba hore lihahabi tsena ke litloholo tsa' nete tsa li-dinosaurs tse phelang mehleng ea rona. Bohle re tseba linnete tse khahlisang ka likoena tseo ho leng thata ho li lumela. Ha re boneng moo 'nete e leng teng mona le hore na tšōmo e kae.
Mokotla ke mang?
Crocodile ke phoofolo e ruuoang e meholo ea tlhaho ea metsing. E lula libakeng tse chesang tse mongobo. Hoa khoneha ho kopana le bona lik'honthinenteng tsohle, ntle le Europe le Antarctica. Boholo ba bophelo ba koena bo etsahala ka metsing. Ba rata matangoana a futhumetseng a seretse, linoka tse phallang butle, matša, makhopho. Sohle seo likoena li khona ho se fumana li loketse lijo tsa motšeare. Phofu e ka ba e fapaneng - ena ke tlhapi e nyane e tsoang metsing, le liphoofolo tse anyesang tse kholo tse tlang sekoting. Nako ea bophelo ba likoena e fihlela lilemo tse 100. Ba qala ho ikatisa a le lilemo li 6-8.
Serpentologist ke mosebetsi o khahlisang haholo. Batho ba ikhethang bona ba tseba tsohle ka likoena le liphofu tse ling. Ke mosebetsi oa bona ho ithuta mefuta ea liphoofolo tsena tse kotsi.
Mefuta e atileng haholo ea likoena
Matsatsing ana, mefuta e 23 ea likoena e lula linōkeng le matšeng. Kaofela ha bona ba arotsoe ka malapa a mararo:
- Crocodile - lelapa le leholo ka ho fetisisa. E na le mefuta e 14 ea lihahabi tsena tse ngata tsa amphiial. Ke ho lelapa lena hore koena e tsebahalang ea Nile ke ea bohle. Lintlha tse khahlisang le lipale tse tšosang ka likoena tse lulang nokeng e kholo ka ho fetisisa Afrika li tla tšosa esita le ho tšaba.
- Alligator. Lelapa lena le kenyelletsa mefuta e 'meli ea li-alligator le mefuta e tšeletseng ea caymanas. Ebile, li-alligator li fapane le likoena le li-caimans, leha ba bangata ba sa bone phapang.
- Gavialovye. Ka sebopeho sa lelapa lena ho na le mefuta e le 'ngoe feela - ea Gangan gavial.
Mokotla o kotsi ke eng?
Na ke 'nete hore likoena li lokela ho ba hlokolosi? Na li kotsi joalo ka ha li shebahala? Kapa, mohlomong, "tšabo e na le mahlo a maholo," 'me lipale tsohle tse tšosang ka lihahabi tsee ke tšōmo?
Ebile, mekholutsoane ke phoofolo e matla e nang le meno a maholo le karabelo e potlakileng ea lebone, empa ha e tsome batho ka kotloloho. Lihahabi tsena li ka lematsa feela ba hlaselang libaka tsa bona. Hangata litlhaselo tsa bona lia sireletsa. Lintho tsohle tse mabapi le likoena, mabapi le mali le kotsi ea tsona ho batho, li feteletsoa ka linako tse ling, empa e ntse e utloahala. U hloka ho ba hlokolosi haholo ha u buisana le bona, haholo-holo haeba puisano e joalo e sa sebetse tšimong ea hau.
Lintlha tse khahlisang ka likoena
Ponahalo, ho sesa le kotsi ea lihahabi tsena esale e khahla haholo. Li-amphibians tsena li na le lintlha tse ngata tse hlollang:
- Ka tšohanyetso, likoena li ka hloella lifateng. Hangata litsebi tsa limela li ile tsa li hlokomela makaleng a sefate. Ho feta moo, li ka nyolohela bophahamong ba 2,5 m.
- Legend e na le eona hore koena, ha e ja motho, e lla, e ikutloa e le molato. Taba ena ke 'nete - u ka bona meokho ea koena, empa e bonahala feela ha a ja nama efe kapa efe,' me a amahanngoa le letsoalo le sa tsubang, empa o ikhethile ka 'mele oa hae. Ka hona, letsoai le lengata le tlosoa semelong sa phetoho.
- Mokotla o na le meno a 24. Li fetoha bophelong bohle. Sebakeng sa leino le lahlehileng, le lecha le hola, 'me sena se ka phetoa khafetsa.
- Monyane o ka tsoa ka metsing ho fihla ho limitara tse peli ho ea holimo.
- Khafetsa u ka bona lihahabi li robetse lebopong ka molomo o tšosang o tšosang. Sena se etsoa ho folisa 'mele.
- Crocodylus porosus ke koena e kholo ka ho fetisisa. Bolelele ba 'mele oa hae bo fihla ho limithara tse 7, le boima - 1 ton. U ka kopana le eena karolong e ka leboea ea k'honthinente ea Australia le India.
- Menaena ea sa tsoa tsoaloa ke liphofu tse bonolo. 99% ea tsona e jeoa ke batho ba baholo ba mefuta ea bona le liphoofolo tse ling tse jang.
Lithuto tse tloaelehileng ka ho fetisisa tsa koena
Ha se kamehla lintlha tse khahlisang ka likoena li leng nnete. Ho etsahala hore tlhaiso-leseling e pharalletseng mabapi le ntho e le 'ngoe kapa e' ngoe ea lihahabi tsena e mpa e le tšōmo feela.
Ho na le maikutlo a hore linonyana, ha li leka ho fumana lijo, li sebelisa melomo ea tsona e bohale ho hloekisa meno a koena ho litšila tsa lijo. Ebile, naheng, ho ba le matšoao a joalo ha hoa ka ha bonoa, mme tlhahisoleseling eo ba bangata ba neng ba e nka e le 'nete e ile ea fetoha tšōmo.
E 'ngoe e iqapetsoeng e bua ka puo ea likoena. Ho lumeloa hore lihlahisoa tsena tsa marang-rang ha ho joalo. Joalokaha u ne u ka nahana, sena ha se nnete. Moena o mong le o mong o na le puo, hape e kholo haholo. Ke feela hore lihahabi tsena li ke ke tsa e hlakola. Sena se bakoa ke karolo ea sebopeho: leleme le hokahantsoe le bolelele bohle ba mohlahare o ka tlase oa koena. Ke seo sehahabi sena se se amoheloang ke melomo ea sona. Ba hlile ha ba na mooko, kahoo ha e khone ho koala molomo ka botlalo 'me meno a eona a bohale a lula a bonahala.
Mang kapa mang ea lumelang hore likoena li matha ka potlako le eena o fosahetse. Sebopeho sa 'mele oa reptile ena ha se etse hore ho be le lebelo la ho feta 10 km / h.
Lits'oants'o ho TV
Lintlha tse khahlisang ka likoena (tse iqapetsoeng) ehlile li ka fumaneha ho tsoa ho likoloi.
Mohlomong "koena e tsebahalang haholo" ho tsoa ho TV "e nkuoa e le Gena. Motsoalle eo oa Cheburashka haholo. Ena ke koena e mosa le e lihlong, eo ho leng thata ho e nahana ntle le tumellano ea hae e ratehang. Ka lipina tsa hae, o hlasimolla meloko e fetang e le 'ngoe ea bana.
Haufinyane, papali ea komporo eohle e hlahile, e inehetse ho koena e monate le e mosa - "Swampy Crocodile". O hloekile haholo 'me o lula a leka ho itlhatsoa hantle. Mokotla ona o ile oa tsebahala hoo ho ileng ha thunngoa lebitso le nang le likarolo tse ngata tsa lebitso le tšoanang ka hona.
Litemaneng tse tsebahalang tsa Korney Chukovsky, koena e sala e le villain, kaha e ile ea metsa letsatsi. Empa joalo ka ha ho e-na le tšōmong, tsohle li ile tsa fela hantle. Pale ena e boetse e lokeloa ho nkuoa mabapi le popae ea hae.
Lintho tse tšosang mabapi le likoena hangata li bontšoa lifiliming tsa likarolo. Lihahabi moo ha li mosa ebile li mosa. Ho na le lifilimi tse ngata tseo semelo sa hae sa mantlha e leng koena. U ke ke ua bona lintlha tse khahlisang bakeng sa bana ho tsona, empa ho batho ba baholo, ho shebella litšepiso ho monate. "Metsi a nang le metsi", "Letša la Tšabo", "Alligator" - tsena ke tse ling tsa lifilimi tse tšosang tse mabapi le likoena.
Crocodile - tlhaloso, litšobotsi, sebopeho, foto
Likatse ke e 'ngoe ea baemeli ba seng bakae ba setseng ba li-subcass tsa li-archosaurs,' me beng ka bona ba haufi ke linonyana, bao le bona e leng litloholo kapa beng ka bona ba li-archosaurs. Ha ba le tseleng, li-dinosaurs e ne e le karolo ea sehlekehleke sa li-archosaurs.
Ho latela mofuta oa mofuta, bolelele ba koena ke 2-5,5 m, bolelele ba lengau le leholo le leholo le ka fihla ho limithara tse 7. Boima ba koena ke boima ba lik'hilograma tse 400-700, athe boima ba hlooho ea monna e tona bo fihla ho 200 kg. Ho lihahabi, ho tlatsa ka botona le botšehali ho buuoa ka mokhoa o fetisisang: ba batona ba mofuta o le mong ba hola makhetlo a 2-2,5 ho feta a basali.
Ho na le li-vertebrae tse 9 ka popelong ea cervical reptile, le tse 17 ka har'a kutu. Mohatla o molelele oa likoena o na le li-vertebrae tse 35 kapa 37 mme o etsa mesebetsi ea tsamaiso le ea koloi, hammoho le ts'ebetso ea thermoregulation.
Sebopeho sa 'mele oa sehahabi ke mohlala o hlakileng oa ho ikamahanya le maemo ho ba teng kahar'a metsi. Hlooho e boreleli ea likoena e fella ka kotlo e telele, 'mele oa hae oa phahama,' me o boreleli, mohatla o tsamaisoang o tsoa mahlakoreng. Mahlakoreng a 'mele ke maoto a makhutšoanyane. Maoto a ka pele a likoena li na le menoana e 5, maoto a kamorao a khetholloa ke ho ba sieo ha monoana o monyane.
Meno e hokahantsoe ke litho tsa kahare. Leha a na le maoto a makhuts'oane, le likoena tse nyane li ka khona ho tsamaea halelele haholo. Lebelo la mokokotlo oa lefats'e ke 14-17 km / h. Ka metsing, koena e na le lebelo la 30-35 km / h.
Sebopeho sa lehata la likoena se ts'oana le sekholopane 'me se entsoe ka mehala e' meli e boletsoeng ka nakoana.
Mahlo, litsebe le linko li haufi le hlooho. Ka lebaka la sena, sehahabi se ka robala ka tlasa metsi, sa bona tikoloho, 'me ka nako e ts'oanang se hlasela le ho fofonela phofu ea sona feela ka mahlo le ka linko.
Mahlo a koena a khethollotsoe ke popi e otlang ka nkong, leihlo la boraro le sirelletsang le ho ba teng ha litšoelesa tse hlakileng bakeng sa ho hlatsoa mahlo.
Molomo o moholo oa koena o na le meno a bopehileng a bonojoana a fihlang ho 5 cm ka bolelele. Ka har'a meno a reptile, ho na le menoana eo ho eona ho nang le meno a manyenyane a bohale ha a ntse a bilikana.
Palo ea meno a likoena e ka ba ho tloha ho 72 ho ea ho 100, ho latela mofuta.
'Mele oa mookoli o koahetsoe ke letlalo, o nang le mapheo a linaka tse khutšoane a hlophisitsoeng ka mela e hlakileng. Tlas'a lithebe tsa dorsal, 'me ka linako tse ling tlasa mpa, ho thehoa masela a letlalo a manyane, ebe a etsa mofuta oa khetla. Mpa e sirellelitsoe ke likhopo tsa mpa, e arotsoe ke lesapo la mokokotlo.
Ho latela sebaka le mefuta ea sona, letlalo la mekholutsoane le ka ba le lefifi, le ka ba lefifi, le putsoa ka bohlooho, botala bo litšila kapa lehlabathe.
Pelo ea koena e likamore tse 'ne,' me mali a reptile a na le lithibela-mafu tse sebetsang tse thibelang tšoaetso ha e senyehile kapa e le metsi a litšila. Mpa e metenya e mesesane e nang le mesifa e na le li-gastrolites - majoe a khethehileng a thusang ho silila lijo le ho fana ka botsitso bo telele ba mmele ha o sesa.
Likoena li mela hohle bophelong ka lebaka la kholo e sa feleng ea lefufuru masapong. Ka tlholeho, likoena li phela, ka karolelano, lilemo tse 80-100.
Likokoanyana tse ngata ha li na lira, empa liphoofolo le linonyana tse ling (ho hlokomela mekholutsoane, likolopata, heron le tse anyesang) li ja mahe a makhooa.
Likoena li ka tlōla, 'me li tlōlela holimo, li tšoere phofu ea bona ka meno
Meokho ea likoena, kapa ke hobane'ng ha likoena li lla
Ho na le tšōmo eo koena e jang nama ea eona, 'me e lla ka eona ka meokho. Ebile, likoena ha li lle ka qenehelo. Taba ke hore likoena li na le litšoelesa tse khethehileng tsa "lacrimal" tse tlosang letsoai le feteletseng 'meleng. Ka hona, meokho ea likoena - ena ke karabelo ea 'mele feela e pholosang sehahabi matsoai a feteletseng. Hape, litšoelesa tsa letsoai li fumaneha ka puo ea koena.
Serurubele se noang meokho e litšila
Likoena li lula hokae?
Likoena li lula hoo e batlang e le linaha tsohle tse futhumetseng ebile ho le mongobo libakeng tse chesang tse mongobo. Phoofolo ea lapeng e lula Afrika le lihlekehlekeng tsa Philippines, e fumanoa Japane le Guatemala, Bali le leboea ho Australia libakeng tsa phomolo tsa Amerika Boroa le Amerika Leboea.
Ha e le hantle, likoena li lula metsing a hloekileng, li qeta letsatsi lohle li le ka metsing. Empa ka lebaka la metabolism e tsoileng matsoho ea letsoai, likoena li phela le metsing a leoatle a letsoai haholo ntle le ho senya bophelo ba tsona. Likoena tse tsoang metsing a letsoai, tse joaloka likhoto le limmoulo, li lula sebakeng se lebopong la leoatle.
Mokhoa oa bophelo ba boikoetliso
Mefuta eohle ea likoena ke liphoofolo tse tloaelehileng tse metsing: li lula matamong, empa li behela mahe a tsona mobung. Ba qeta boholo ba letsatsi ba le ka metsing, ba ea lebopong pele ho hoseng kapa thapama - nako e loketseng ka ho fetisisa ea ho chaba letsatsi.
Monyane ke phoofolo e mali a nang le moea o batang, 'me mocheso oa' mele oa eona o ipapisitse le tikoloho. Lihlahisoa tsa limela tsa “steste ”(li-plony tsa bony) tse fumanehang ka tlas'a mapheo a lenaka la khetla, li sebetsa joaloka libeteri tse bolokang mocheso oa letsatsi.
Ka hona, ho feto-fetoha ha mocheso oa 'mele nakong ea letsatsi hangata ha ho fetele likhato tse 1-2.
Ha ho chesa haholo, likoena li ahlamisa melomo ea tsona hore li tsoe metsi, 'me linonyana tse nyane li itjella lijo le liloko tse manonyeletso pakeng tsa menoana ea tsona.
Ha komello e le teng, koena e khona ho ipata, ho lula ka sekoting se chekiloeng ka tlas'a seliba se omisang.
Ka tloaelo, likoena ha li tsamaee hole le metsi, empa ha ho hlokahala, li ka hlola li-kilometre tse 'maloa ka maoto kapa li sa chesehe haholo, li ntšetsa lebelo ho fihla ho 17 km / h.
Likoena li ja eng?
Lijo tsa makhooa a itšetlehile ka boholo ba motho ea itseng: ha e le sehahabi se seholo, ho na le lijo tse fapaneng haholo.
Lijo li thehiloe mefuta e fapaneng ea lihlapi, li-crustaceans, mollusks, linonyana tsa metsi, bo-'mankhane, linoha le linoha tse fofang holim 'a metsi, ho kenyelletsa le li-amphibians tse chefo, ka mohlala, toad aga.
Metsing a leoatle, mokhoako o iphepa ka litlhapi, li-dolphin, likolopata, sawfish esita le lishaka, ho kenyeletsa le tse tšoeu, boholo ba tsona bo se tlase, empa hangata bo feta bolelele ba lengau le hlaselang. Lijo tse fapaneng haholo-holo tse nang le liphoofolo tse anyesang.
Ho tsoma ka katleho ho tlisa likoena ho pethon, ho hlokomela mokholutsoane, boar ba hlaha, antelope, buffalo kapa deer ea lijo tsa mots'eare.
Khafetsa, makhoba a makhooa a fetoha linokoane, makhopho, mangau le litau. Likoena le tsona li ja litšoene, li-porcupine, kangaroo, lireschorente, li-raccoon, martens le mongooses. Ha ho khoneha, ba ke ke ba hana ho hlasela liphoofolo leha e le life tsa lapeng, ekaba ke khoho, pere kapa likhomo.
Likoena tse ling li ja e mong le e mong, ke hore, ha li khese ho hlasela mofuta oa tsona.
Monyane o tsoma joang?
Liraka li qeta boholo ba letsatsi li le ka metsing, 'me li tsoma feela ka ho qaleha ha lefifi. Liphoofolo tse nang le pheko e jang nama e tona kaofela. Sebakeng se nang le lehlatsipa le leholo, sebetsa sa koena ke matla a maholo. Liphoofolo tse kholo tsa naha, mohlala, likhama le lilakane, linokoane tse sirelletsang ka sekoting se nosetsang, li hlasela ka tšohanyetso ebe li li akhela ka metsing, moo motho ea sitoang ho li hanela. Litlhapi tse kholo, ho fapana le moo, li hula ka metsing a sa tebang, moo ho leng bonolo ho sebetsana le liphofu.
Menoana e meholo ea koena e phunyeletsa habonolo lehata la buffalo, 'me e tsukutleha ka hlooho le mokhoa o khethehileng oa "ho bola ho bolaeang" hang-hang e hahola liphofu. Likokoanyana ha li tsebe ho hlafuna, ka hona, ha li se li bolaile motho ea hlasetsoeng, li hlotse likotoana tsa nama e loketseng ka mehlahare e matla ebe li e metha ka botlalo.
Likoena li ja haholo: lijo tsa mots'eare li ka etsa 23% ea boima ba tse jang pele. Hangata likoena li pata karolo ea liphofu, empa ha se kamehla pokello e lulang e tsitsitse, 'me hangata e sebelisoa ke lira tse ling.
Mokotla o ile a tšoara shaka
Phapang ke efe pakeng tsa likooa le leraba?
- Mokotla ke oa lelapa la likoena, alligator ke ea lelapa la alligator. Ka nako e ts'oanang, lihahabi tsena ka bobeli ke tsa semelo sa likoena.
- Phapang e kholo lipakeng tsa likooa le mokolopane o sebopeho sa mohlahare le kemiso ea meno. Ka molomo o koetsoeng, meno a le mong kapa a mabeli ka mohlahareng e ka tlase a lula a its'oarella ka koena, 'me ho alligator mohlahare o kaholimo o koahela grin e jang nama.
- Hape, phapano lipakeng tsa makhopo le kokoana-hloko ke sebopeho sa muzzle. Moetso oa koena o bontšitsoe 'me o na le sebopeho sa lengolo la Senyesemane V, hobane setlama sa molimotsana se lerootho ebile se tšoana le lengolo U.
- Likorilla li na le litšoelesa tsa letsoai lelemeng le litšoelesa tse potileng ka leihlo ho tlosa letsoai le lengata ho feta 'meleng, kahoo li ka phela ka leoatleng. Li-alligator ha li na litšoelesa tse joalo, ka hona, li lula metsing a hloekileng a metsi.
- Haeba re bapisa boholo ba likoena le lintsintsi, ho thata ho bolela hore na ke lihahabi life tse kholo. Bolelele bo lekanang ba alligator ha bo fete bolelele ba serethe. Empa ha u bapisa batho ba baholo ka ho fetesisa, joale alligator ea Amerika (Mississippian) e na le bolelele bo fetang ba limitara tse 4,5 (ho latela data e seng molaong, bolelele bo phahameng feela bo tlalehiloeng ba motho a le mong e ne e le limithara tse 5,8). 'Me koena e kholo ka ho fetisisa lefatšeng e nang le bolelele ba limithara tse 5,2 e ka hola ho fihla ho bolelele ba limithara tse 7.
- Boima bo lekanang ba allissator ea Mississippi (bo boholo ho feta Machaena) ke 200 kg, ha boima bo tlalehiloeng bo fihlile ho 626 kg. Boima bo boholo ba likoena bo itšetlehile ka mefuta. Mme, leha ho le joalo, mefuta e meng ea likoena e boima ho feta alligators. Mohlala, boima ba 'mangoana o boletsoeng bo fihla ho lithane tse 1,' me koena e kholo ka ho fetisisa lefatšeng e boima ba lithane tse peli.
Phapang ke efe pakeng tsa koena le gavial?
- Ka bobeli mokholutsoane le gavial ke tsa ho kenyelletsa likoena. Empa koena ke karolo ea lelapa la likoena, 'me gavial ke ea lelapa la gavial.
- Mokotla o na le litšoelesa tsa letsoai tse fumanehang lelemeng, le litšoelesa tse khethehileng tsa mahlo sebakeng sa mahlo: ka tsona, letsoai le lengata le tlosoa 'meleng oa mookoli. Ntho ena e lumella likoena ho phela metsing a letsoai. Gavial ha e na litšoelesa tse joalo, ke moahi oa mebele ea metsi a hloekileng.
- Mokotla o bonolo ho o khetholla ho tloha gavial ka sebopeho sa mehlahare: gavial e na le mehlahare e tšesaane, e nang le lebaka le nepahetseng la ho tsoma lihlapi feela. Mokotla ke mong'a mohlahare o pharaletseng.
- Gavial e na le meno a mangata ho feta a koena, empa e nyane ebile e boreleli: gavial e hloka meno a joalo a bohale le a masesaane hore e tšoare tlhapi e tšoasitsoeng ka molomong. Ho latela mofuta oa mofuta, koena e na le meno a 66 kapa a 68, empa gavial e rorisa makholo a meno a bohale.
- Phapang e 'ngoe lipakeng tsa koena le gavial: ea lelapa lohle la likoena, ke gavial feela e sebelisang nako e telele ka metsing, e siea letangoana feela le beha mahe le ho sesa hanyane ka letsatsi. Mokotla o fumaneha metsing a nang le metsi hoo e ka bang karolo ea boraro ea bophelo ba hae, o rata metsi ho feta lefats'e.
- Liraka le likharetene li fapana hanyane ka boholo ba tsona. Gavial tse tona hangata li ba le bolelele ba 'mele oa limithara tse 3-4,5, hangata li fihla bolelele ba limithara tse 5,5. Likarete ha li saletse morao haholo ho balekane ba tsona - bolelele ba monna e moholo bo fapana pakeng tsa limithara tse 2-5,5. Leha ho le joalo, ba batona ba nang le boiphihlelo ba mefuta e meng ea likoena hangata ba fihla ho limithara tse 7 ka bolelele. Ha e le boima ba 'mele, likoena li hlōla potoloho ena: koena e metenya e ka fihla boima ba li-kilo tse 2000,' me Ganges gavial e na le boima bo itekanetseng ba li-boima ba li-900-200 kg
Phapang ke efe pakeng tsa koena le caiman?
- Le ha likoena le likhafa e le tsa mokoetla, makhooa ke a lelapa la litlou, 'me likoena ke tsa lelapa la makoena.
- Phapang e kantle ea moena le caiman li tjena: likoena li khetholloa ke lerata le nang le sebopeho sa V, li-caimans li khetholloa ke setloholo se sephara se sephara se bopehileng joaloka U.
- Phapang e 'ngoe lipakeng tsa lihahabi ke hore likoena li na le litšoelesa tse khethehileng tsa letsoai ka maleme a tsona. Ka tsona, hammoho le ka litšoelesa tsa 'mala o boreleli, likoena li tlosa letsoai le feteletseng, ka hona li ikutloa li le ntle ka ho tšoanang metsing a hloekileng le a letsoai. Caimans ha e na tšobotsi ena, ka hona, ntle le mekhelo e sa tloaelehang, e phela feela metsing a hloekileng a hloekileng.
Mefuta ea likoena: mabitso, litlhaloso, lenane le foto
Sehlopha sa sejoale-joale se arola tatellano ea likoena ka malapa a 3, mefuta e 8 le mefuta e 24.
Likoena tsa 'nete tsa lelapa(Crocodylidae). Tse ling tsa mefuta ea tsona li khahla haholo:
- Sethole sa metsi a letsoai (Crocodile ea leoatleng)(Crocodylus porosus)
sekholopane se seholo ka ho fetisisa lefatšeng, se jang nama, 'me se tiisitsoe ka thata k'honeng ea lijo. Mabitso a mang bakeng sa reptile ena ke likoena tse ka tlasa metsi, makhoaba a cannibal, letsoai, estuarine le koena ea Indo-Pacific. Bolelele ba mokokotlo o kopantsoeng bo ka fihla ho limithara tse 7 ka boima ba lithane tse peli. Mefuta e ile ea reha lebitso la eona ka lebaka la likhoako tse peli tse kholo tsa masapo tse fetang le lesoba ho tsoa bohale ba mahlo. Ka chebahalo ea koena, mebala e putsoa e 'mala o mosehla e lula e le teng,' me mehala e lefifi le matheba lia khetholoha 'meleng le mohatleng. Motho ea ratang metsi a letsoai ke moahi ea tloaelehileng oa linōka tse phallang leoatleng, hape o lula matamong a leoatle. Hangata likoena tsa metsi a letsoai li lula leoatleng le phahameng 'me li fumanoa lebopong la Australia le ka leboea ho Indonesia, Philippines, India le lebopong la Japane. Lijo tsa mofuta o mong le o mong ke liphofu tse ka ts'oaroang. Tsena e ka ba liphoofolo tse kholo tsa naha: mangau, mangau, grizzlies, antelope, pythons, ho hlokomela mekholutsoane. Hape, hangata liphoofolo tse anyesang tse bohareng li ba liphofu tsa koena: likolobe-hlaha, lithaele, dingoes, kangaroo, mefuta e mengata ea litšoene, ho kenyeletsoa le li-orangutan. Liphoofolo tsa lapeng le tsona e ka ba liphofu: lipōli, linku, lipere, likolobe, lintja le likatse. Li-Waterfowl, hammoho le likolopata tsa leoatle le metsi a hloekileng, li-dolphin, li-stingrays le mefuta e mengata ea lishaka, li oela linonyaneng ho ea molomong oa koena e metle. Malinyane a likoena a ja linate tsa metsing, lihohoana, likokoanyana le lihlapi tse nyane. Batho ba baholo ba ja ka bolokolohi li-toads tsa 'moba tse nang le chefo, litlhapi tse kholo le crustaceans. Ka linako tse ling, likoena tse lohiloeng ka mokhoa o hlakileng li itloaetsa ho thunya, li sa lahle monyetla oa ho ja baemeli ba fokolang kapa ba fokolang ba mefuta ea bona.
- Mokotla oa semumu(Osteolaemus tetraspis)
ke koena e nyane ka ho fetisisa lefatšeng. Bolelele ba 'mele oa motho e moholo ke limithara tse 1,5 feela. E tona e boima ba li-kilo tse 80, koena e tšehali e na le boima ba li-30-kg. 'Mala oa mokokotlo oa mokokotlo o motšo, mpa e le mosehla, e na le matheba a matšo. Ho fapana le mefuta e meng ea likoena, reptile e na le letlalo le hlometseng hantle ka lipolanete tsa kholo e ts'oanang le ho haella hoa kholo. Likoena tse lerootho li lula metsing a hloekileng a Afrika Bophirimela, li le lihlong ebile li le lekunutu, li phela bophelo ba bosiu. Ba iphepa ka litlhapi, likhoho le kankere.
- Mokotla oa Nile(Katscokhar)
lelapa le leholo ka ho fetisisa la liphoofolo tse hlaha ka mor'a koluoa e koetsoeng, e lula Afrika. Bolelele ba 'mele oa banna ke bolelele ba limithara tse 4,5 ho isa ho 5.5,' me boima ba mokhoako o motona o fihla ho lithane tse ka bang. 'Mala oa koena o moputsoa kapa o sootho bo bobebe; metsu e lefifi e ka morao le mohatla. Reptile ke e 'ngoe ea mefuta e 3 e lulang linaheng tsa Afrika ebile ha e na ho lekana nthong ea metsi. Le naheng, likhohlano li bakiloe ke phofu, ka mohlala, ka litau, li "tug ea ntoa", 'me koena e ntse e tsoela pele ho atleha. Mokotla oa Nile ke moahi ea tloaelehileng oa linōka, matša le matangoana a fumanehang ka boroa ho lehoatata la Sahara, ho kenyeletsoa le noka ea Noka ea Nile. Mokotla oa Nile o ja litlhapi: Phula ea Nile, tilapia, mullet e ntšo, Pike ea Afrika le baemeli ba bangata ba li-cyprinid. Le liphoofolo tse anyesang: li-antelope, lipōli tsa metsi, likatse, mahakoe, warthog, lichimpanzi le likorilla. Hangata, mefuta eohle ea liphoofolo tse ruiloeng e ba liphofu tsa koena. Haholo-holo batho ba baholo ba hlasela liphokojoe, lithuhlo, likubu, likotsi le litlou tse nyenyane tsa Afrika. Likoena tse nyane tsa Nile li ja li-amphibians: menoana a Afrika, lehlaka le ka fetoloang le sehoete sa goliath. Likokonyana li iphepa ka likokoana-hloko (likhohlo, likhohla), makhoaba le li-invertebrates tse ling.
- Mokotla oa Siamese(Hoketsu)
E na le bolelele ba 'mele ho isa ho 3-4 m. Mmala oa likoako o motala o motala, ka linako tse ling o motala o lefifi. Boima ba e tona bo fihla ho li-350kg, boima ba botšehali ke li-kilogalamu tse 150. Mofuta ona oa likoena o thathamisitsoe ho Buka e Khubelu joalo ka ha e le kotsing. Kajeno palo ea batho e se e fetang likete tse 5. Mefuta ea mefuta ea liphoofolo e feta le linaha tsa Asia Boroa-bochabela: Cambodia, Malaysia, Vietnam, Thailand, hape e fumaneha sehlekehlekeng sa Kalimantan. Mohloli o ka sehloohong oa lijo tsa likoena tsa Siamese ke mefuta e fapaneng ea litlhapi, li-amphibians, lihahabi tse nyane. Maemong a sa tloaelehang, koena e iphepa ka litoeba le setopo.
- Mokotla oa Amerika(Crocodylus acutus)
setho se tloaelehileng ka ho fetisisa sa lelapa. Mofuta o khetholloa ke mozle o moqotetsane, o nang le tšobotsi. Tse tona tse holileng li hola ho fihla ho bolelele ba 4 m, tse tšehali ho fihlela ho m 3. Boima ba koena ke 500-1000 kg. 'Mala oa mohloa o moputsoa kapa o botala bo bosehla. Likoena li lula libakeng tse futhumetseng, linoka le matša a letsoai le a letsoai a Amerika. Likoena tsa Amerika li ja mefuta e mengata ea metsi a hloekileng le litlhapi tsa leoatleng. Karolo ea bohlokoa ea ho ja e entsoe ke linonyana: li-pelicans, li-flamingo, heron, makhopho. Nako le nako, likoena li ja likolopata tsa leoatleng le mehlape. Makhoaba a manyane a ja makhopho, likhopo, hammoho le likokoanyana le makhoaba a tsona.
- Thobo e tshesane ea Australiakoena (Crocodylus johnstoni)
Ke sehahabi sa metsi a hloekileng 'me se nyane ka boholo: ba batona ha ba bolelele ba limithara tse fetang tse tharo, tse tšehali ho fihlela ho limithara tse peli. Phoofolo e na le mozelle e moqotetsane e sa koahelang. 'Mala oa reptile e sootho ka' metso e metšo ka morao le mohatla oa koena. Baahi ba ka bang likete tse 100 ba lula metsing a hloekileng a leoatle la Australia leboea. Mokotla o moqotetsane oa Australia o ja haholo ka litlhapi. Karolo e nyane ea lijo tsa batho ba baholo ke li-amphibians, waterfowl, linoha, mekholutsoane le liphoofolo tse anyesang tse nyane.
Lelapa la Alligator (Alligatoridae), eo ho eona alligator le Caimans li ikatisang. Mefuta e latelang ke ea lelapa lena:
- Mississippi Alligator (Alligator ea Amerika)(Alligator mississippiensis)
reptile (reptile) e kholo, eo banna ba eona ba hofang ho fihlela ho 4,5 m ka bolelele ba boima ba 'mele oa 200 kg. Ho fapana le likoena, semela sa Amerika se mamella ka thata serame mme se khona ho qeta mariha, se theole 'mele oa sona leqhoeng' me se siee feela linko ka holim'a metsi. Li-alligator tsena li lula metsing a hloekileng a Amerika Leboea: matamo, mokhoabo, linōka le matša. Alligator ea Mississippi (Amerika), ho fapana le likoena, ha e hlasele liphoofolo tse kholo. Li-alligator tsa batho ba baholo li iphepa ka litlhapi, mehala ea metsi, linoha tsa metsi le likolopata, ho tsoa ho liphoofolo tse anyesang li ja nutria, muskrats le raccoon. Malinyane a Alligator a ja liboko, likho, sekho, hammoho le likokoanyana le makhoaba a tsona. Li-alligator tse ling ha li na piganin pigment e lekaneng ebile ke li-albino. Ke 'nete hore koena e tšoeu ha e fumanehe ka tlhaho.
Ngaka e tšoeu (albino)
- Alligator ea ChinaAlligator sinensis)
mefuta e nyane ea alligator, eo le eona e leng mefuta e sa tloaelehang. Ke batho ba 200 feela ba phelang ka tlhaho. 'Mala oa alligator ke' mala o mosehla, 'mala o moputsoa o fumanehile mohlahareng o tlase. Bolelele bo bolelele ba alligator ke 1.5 metres, bophahamo bo fihla ho 2,2 metres. Boima ba sebatana ke 35-45 kg. Li-Alligator li lula Chaena, setsing sa noka ea Yangtze. E fepa linonyana tse nyane le liphoofolo tse anyesang, litlhapi, linoha, mollusks.
- Mokotla(maketse)Caiman(Caiman crocodilus)
alligator e nyane haholo e nang le bolelele ba 'mele ho fihla ho 1,8-2 m le boima ba ho fihlela ho 60 kg. Mofuta ona oa koena o khetholloa ke mozzle o moqotetsane le kholo ea masapo pakeng tsa mahlo, e tšoanang le likhalase tse sebopeho. Cayman e monyane e na le 'mala oa' mala o mosehla o nang le matheba a masoeu, koena e moholo e na le letlalo le botala ba mohloaare. Phoofolo e nang le seriti e na le mefuta e mengata haholo ea li-alligators. Cayman o lula matlong a bolokang mashano a tlase, a tsamaeang butle butle ka metsi a hloekileng kapa a letsoai a tsoang Mexico le Guatemala ho ea Dominican Republic le Bahamas. Ka lebaka la boholo ba eona bo bonyenyane, caiman e ja limmollusk, lihlapi tse boholo bo mahareng, makhala a metsi a hloekileng hammoho le lihahabi tse nyane le liphoofolo tse anyesang. Ka linako tse ling, batho ba inveterate ba hlasela libata tse kholo le linoha, ka mohlala, li-anaconda, le likolobe tse hlaha esita le likhahla tse ling.
- Cayman e ntso(Melanosuchus niger)
e 'ngoe ea lihahabi tse kholo ka ho fetisisa. Bolelele ba 'mele oa monna ea nang le nako bo ka feta 5.5 m, mme boima ba' mele bo ka feta 500 kg. Ho tloha mahlong ho pota bolelele bohle ba semelo ho na le molumo o bululetsoeng oa masapo, o tšoanang le oa li-caimans tsohle. Baahi ba sejoale-joale ba ka bang likete tse 100 ba lula linōkeng le matšeng a maholo Amerika Boroa. Li-caimans tse ntšo li lula li ja litlhapi tse ngata, ho kenyeletsoa le liphirishe le linoha le linoha. Empa karolo e ka sehloohong ea lijo e entsoe ka liphoofolo tse anyesang: likhama, li-capybar, bakers, coati, sloths, litšoene, armadillos, li-dolphin tsa noka, li-otter tsa Brazil. Libakeng tse ling tsa lijo, tloaelo e fumanehang habonolo ke liphoofolo tse fapaneng tsa lapeng, ho kenyeletsa le likhomo. Li-caimans tse nyane li ja likomkomere, lihoho le mefuta e nyane ea litlhapi.
Lelapa la Gavial (Gavialidae) e na le mefuta e 'maloa ea genera le mefuta e' meli feela ea sejoale-joale:
- Ganges Gavial(Gavialis gangeticus)
moemeli e moholo oa lesapo le mmele o hola ho fihla ho limitara tse 6 ka bolelele. Li-Gavials, ho fapana le likoena tsa 'nete, li na le molaoana o bobebe, ka hona, boima ba motho e moholo, ka kakaretso, ha bo feta 200 kg. Gavialov e khetholloa ke sebopeho se tšesaane sa mehlahare, se ikamahanye le maemo a bonolo bakeng sa ho tšoasa litlhapi, hammoho le palo e phahameng ea meno - ho fihlela likoto tse 100. Li-Gaviales li lula sebakeng sa likhohola le merabe ea linoka tsa India, Pakistan le Bangladesh. Mefuta e thathamisitsoe Bukeng e Khubelu joalo ka seoelo haholo, ho Bhutan le Myanmar e felisitsoe ka botlalo. Ka lebaka la bophelo ba metsing bo bongata, Gangan e jang boholo ba eona. Haholo-holo batho ba baholo ka linako tse ling ba hlasela liphoofolo tse anyesang tse nyane 'me ka thabo ba ja setopo. Makhoaba a manyenyane a na le liphoofolo tse itlhommeng pele.
- Mokotla oa Gavial(Tomistoma schlegelii)
setho se haufi sa gavial, se nang le bolelele bo ts'oanang, bo moqotetsane le maemo a maholohali. Bolelele ba 'mele oa likoena bo ka feta limithara tse 6, empa ka kakaretso ha bo fihle ho feta 5 mitha. 'Mala oa koena o sootho ka sootho ka likhoele' meleng. Boima ba likoena bo fapana ho tloha ho tse 900 ka basali ho isa ho 210 kg ho ba batona. Mofuta ona oa liphoofolo tse hlaha o na le boemo ba liphoofolo tse kotsing ea ho fela. Bongata bo fokolang ba likoena, tse nang le batho ba likete tse 2,5, ba lula linokeng tse sa tebang, tse nang le mabopo a Indonesia le Malaysia. Mokotla oa gavial, ho fapana le mong ka eona ea haufi, Gangian, o sebelisa litlhapi, shrimp le li-vertebrates tse nyane feela. Leha e le moea o fokang, sepheo sa lijo tse jang nama ke liphokojoe le linoha tse ling, ho hlokomela mekholutsoane, likolopata, litšoene, likolobe tse hlaha, likhama le liphokojoe.
Ho hlahisoa ha likoena. Likwena li hlaha joang?
Likorilla li fihlella manyolo li le lilemo li 8-10 ka bolelele ba 'mele tse limithara tse 2,5 ho banna le limithara tse 1,7 ho basali. Nako ea ho ikatisa ea mefuta e ka boroa ea likoena e oela likhoeling tsa mariha, likoena tse ka leboea li behela mahe a tsona.
Qalong ea nako ea ho tlolelana ha liphoofolo, tse tona li phatlalatsa tikoloho eo ka mohoo oa boipiletso, li hohela tse tšehali, 'me li betse lifahleho metsing. Nakong ea lipapali tsa botšehali, balekane ba itlotsa lifahleho le ho "bina" lipina "tse ikhethang" ho e mong.
Mokotla oa mosali o hokahanya sehlaha mabopong a lehlabathe haufi le lebopo kapa libetheng tse omeletseng tsa noka. Ka lesoba le halofo ea mithara, nkoe e tšehali e behela mahe a 20 ho isa ho 85, e li epele ka lehlabathe le ho li sireletsa nakong eohle ea ho kenella, e nkang likhoeli tse ka bang tharo.
Ho sa tsotelloe ke batsoali ka bobeli, ke karolo ea 10 lekholong feela ea mahe e bolokiloeng ka lekarecheng.
Ka linako tse ling ha 'm'e a le sieo hore a pholile ka metsing kapa a ipatile ho tloha letsatsing le chesang, linonyana tse ling tse jang kapa batho ba ka senya sehlaha sa koena.
Likoena tse nyane li hatch 'me li etsa molumo o kang oa twitter. Ebe 'm'a eona e hahola lehlabathe ebe e tsamaisa malinyane haufi le letamo ka molomo oa eona. Ka linako tse ling batsoali ba pepesetsa mahe pakeng tsa leleme le leholimo, ba thusa bana ho tsoaloa.
Banana ba likoena tse sa tsoa tsoaloa ke bona bo khethollang mocheso sehlaheng nakong ea poloko. Haeba lehlabathe le futhumala ka bongata ho tloha ho likhato tse 32 ho isa ho 34,5, ho tsoaloa banna. Mocheso o kaholimo kapa o joalo o supa letšoao la tsoalo ea basali.
Malinyane a Crocodile a na le bolelele ba 'mele ba 30 cm mme qalong a hola ka potlako. Li pota-potiloe ke tlhokomelo ea bo-mme bakeng sa lilemo tse peli, kamora moo peo e ileng ea hola ea ba ea emella ho 1-1.2 m ea phela.
Liraka li phela halelele ebile li tsoetsoe hantle li le botlamuoeng, empa ho hang ha li khone ho koetlisoa. Kajeno, ba bang ba ratang lintho tse feteletseng le tse sa tloaelehang ba leka ho boloka likoena lapeng, ba li etsetsa marang-rang le matangoana a ho sesa. Ka bomalimabe, hangata liteko tse joalo li baka ho bolaoa ha sebatana ka lebaka la tlhokomelo e sa lokelang, kapa maemong a bohloko ho latela polokeho ea mong. Haeba re bua ka likateng tsa likoena tikolohong eo e seng ea tlhaho ho bona, khetho e loketseng ka ho fetisisa e ka ba zoo e ntle, moo lihahabi li hlokometsoeng ke litsebi.
Likoena li lula hokae?
Liphoofolo tsena li rata mocheso haholo. Ka hona, libaka tsa bona tsa tikoloho ke libaka tse chesang tse mongobo le tse chesang. Likoena li rata ho phela linōkeng tse tsamaeang butle le matša a manyane. Leha ho le joalo, ho na le baemeli ba khokahano e lulang metsing a leoatle a letsoai - tsena ke likoena tse koahetsoeng.
Ho tsoma ha Hippo.
Liraka li lieha ho phela ka tsela ea bophelo, leha ho le joalo, li ka khona, haeba ho hlokahala, ho etsa metlae e bohale, li mathe le ho fofa! Lihahabi tsena li kotsi haholo, ho molemo hore u se ke oa leka ho kopana le lifahleho tsa sefahleho sa sefahleho sa sefahleho sa sefahleho.
Ngaka e ja eng?
Ka tsela ea lijo, likoena tsohle ke libatana ho isa moo li jang. Ho latela boholo ba bona, ba bang ba bona ba iphepa ka litlhapi (ka mohlala, koena e moqotetsane), ba bang ba hlasela liphoofolo tse kholo tse se nang bomolimo le linoha tse kholo. Tse ling tsa lihahabi tsena li hlaseletse litlou!
Ntle le moo, mollusks, linonyana, liphoofolo tse anyesang tse nyane, lihoho esita le likokoanyana li ka ba teng lijong tsa likoena.
Litšoaneleho tse akaretsang tsa ho khaotsoa ha likoena tsa 'nete
Ho ts'oaroa ha likoena tsa 'nete ho kenyelletsa mefuta e 15 ea libatana, tse fapaneng ka sebopeho sa tsona sa ka ntle le tikoloho ea tsona. Ha e le molao, likoena tse ngata li na le lebitso le amanang le bongata ba tsona bo pharalletseng.
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Likoena tsena li arotsoe ka mefuta e latelang:
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Moqomo oa metsi a letsoai (kapa combed, maraka). Moemeli enoa o na le tšobotsi e khethollang ka sebopeho sa li-crests tse sebakeng sa mahlo. Ponahalo ea mofuta ona e baka tšabo ka lebaka la boholo ba eona bo boholo. Ka ho le letona, mofuta ona o nkuoa e le setsomi se seholo le se kotsi ho fetisisa har'a likoena. Boholo ba 'mele bo ka fihlela bolelele ba limithara tse 7. U ka kopana le moemeli enoa Asia Boroa-bochabela le Australia Leboea.
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Mokotla oa Nile. Ponahalo e kholo ka ho fetisisa Afrika. Ke ea bobeli e kholo ka mor'a koena ea metsi a letsoai. Sehlopha sa moemeli sena esale se le taba ea ngangisano. Empa tse ngolisitsoeng ka molao ha li fihle ho feta 6 metres.
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Indian (kapa swamp) koena kapa mage. Ka litekanyetso tsa mefuta eohle, mokoena oa India ke moemeli ea tloaelehileng. Boholo ba e tona ke limithara tse 3. Mofuta ona o tloaelane le mobu ho feta tse ling mme o ka qeta boholo ba nako ea ona o le teng. E hlophisitse sebaka sa India.
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Moena oa Amerika (kapa oa Amerika). Moemeli enoa a ka fihla le boholo ba koena ea Nile. E nkoa e le sehahabi se kotsi, empa e hlasela batho ka seoelo. Lebitso "le boloi" bo amohetsoe ka lebaka la mela ea eona e telele le e sephara. Baahi ba mefuta ena ba Amerika Boroa le Amerika Leboea.
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Mokotla o moqotetsane oa Afrika. Mokotla o nkoa o le mapheoana a moqotetsane ka lebaka la sebopeho se ikhethang sa lefu la seoa. Ho tsitsa le ho tsitsa ha mehlahare ho lumella mofuta ona hore o sebetsane ka katleho le ho tšoasa litlhapi. Mefuta e thathamisitsoe joalo ka ha e le kotsing ka har'a Buka e Khubelu. Mefuta ea morao-rao e bolokiloe sebakeng sa Gabon Afrika.
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Orinoc koena. Moemeli ea emeng ka ho fetisisa Amerika Boroa. E na le mozelle e moqotetsane, e thusang ho phela bophelo ba metsing ka lijo. Moemeli enoa o angoa haholo ke masholu, hobane letlalo la hae le na le boima bo bongata 'marakeng o motšo.
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Mokotla o moqotetsane oa Australia kapa koena ea Johnston. Moemeli ea fokolang. E tona e bolelele ba limithara tse 2,5. Ho lula lebopong le ka leboea la Australia.
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Mokotla oa Philippines. Baahi ba mofuta ona ba fumaneha feela Philippines. Phapang ea kantle e kahara sebopeho se pharaletseng sa muzzle. Mokotla oa Philippines o nkoa e le mabifi haholo. Empa kaha sebaka sa eona sa bolulo se hole le libaka tsa bolulo tsa batho, litlhaselo ha li na seoelo.
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Mokotla o tsoang Amerika Bohareng kapa koena ea Morel. Mofuta ona o fumanoe feela ka 1850 ke setsebi sa tlhaho sa Fora Morel, eo koena e ileng ea fumana lebitso le bohareng. Sebaka se lutse sebakeng sa Morele se nang le metsi a hloekileng a Amerika Bohareng.
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Mokotla o mocha oa Guinean. Moemeli o thathamisitsoe Bukeng e Khubelu. Sebaka sa eona sa bolulo se fumaneha Indonesia feela. Meketjana ea ho phela metsing a hloekileng le ho phela hamonate.
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Moena oa Cuba. E lutse lihlekehlekeng tsa Cuba. Karolo ea bohlokoa ea mofuta ona ke maoto le matsoho a oona a malelele, ao a lumellang ho tsoma liphofu tsa naha. E nkoa e le mofuta o mabifi le o kotsi haholo.
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Mokotla oa Siamese. Moemeli ea sa tloaelehang haholo ea ka fumanoang feela Cambodia. Boholo ba eona ha bo feta 3 metres.
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Mokotla o monyane oa Afrika kapa o mosoeu. Moemeli ea fokolang oa likoena. Bolelele bo phahameng ba 'mele ke 1.5 metres. Lithota le matša a Afrika a lutse.
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Litšobotsi tse akaretsang tsa sehlopha sa alligator
Mofuta oa bobeli o tloaelehileng ka ho fetisisa. E kenyelletsa baemeli ba 8. E kenyeletsa mefuta e latelang:
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Alligator ea Amerika (kapa Mississippian). E nkoa e le mofuta o moholo haholo oa sehlopha sa alligator. Bolelele ba 'mele oa banna bo feto-fetoha joalo ka limilimithara tse' ne. E na le mehlahare e matla. E lula lehlakoreng le ka boroa la Amerika.
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Alligator ea China. Pono e ikhethang ea sebaka sa China. E fihla bolelele ba limithara tse peli ka boholo. Moemeli o monyane haholo. Palo ea baahi e akaretsa li-alligator tse 200 feela.
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Cayman e ntso. Mabapi le boholo, e arolelana sebaka sa pele le moemeli oa Amerika. Bolelele ba 'mele oa alligator ena bo ka fihla ho 6 metres. E tsebahala Latin America. Ho hlaseloa batho.
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Cacodile (kapa sebono) caiman. Moemeli oa boholo bo mahareng. Bolelele ba 'mele ha bo fihle ho feta 2,5 metres. Li-restigator tse ling li atile haholo, li tloha Belize le Guatemala ho ea Peru le Mexico.
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Cayman ea maoto a mangata. Ponahalo e kholo e kholo. Ka boholo ba eona e tloha ho 3 ho isa ho 3,5 metres. E hlophisitse sebaka sa Argentina.
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Paraguayan (kapa Yakar) cayman. Moemeli o monyane haholo. E lula sebakeng se ka boroa sa Brazil le leboea ho Argentina. E sa tloaelehang Paraguay le ka lehlakoreng le ka boroa la Bolivia.
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Caiman (kapa sefahleho se boreleli) Bolelele ba 'mele ba caiman bona ha bo feta limithara tse 1,6, bo fokolang haholo ha bo bapisoa le beng ka bona. E nkoa e le moemeli e monyane haholo ho sehlopha sohle. Mefuta eo e lula Brazil, Paraguay, Peru, Ecuador le Guyana. Cuvier oa Lefora oa tlhaho o ile a sibolla mofuta ona ka 1807.
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Smooth-sefahleho (kapa se senyane) Schneider caiman. Mofuta ona o moholo ho feta caiman Cuvier. Boholo ba eona bo ka fihla ho 2,3 metres. Lenane la kabo le qala ho tloha Venezuela ho ea fihla ka boroa ho Brazil.
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Litšobotsi tse akaretsang tsa ho phatloha ha gavialov
Moemeli enoa o kenyelletsa mefuta e 'meli feela - ena gang gang gavial le koena e mosesane. Mefuta ena e nkuoa e le mefuta e meholo e meholo ea metsing e tšoanang le likoena tse tloaelehileng. Karolo e ikhethang ke sebopeho se tšesaane haholo sa 'mele, seo ka sona ba ka sebetsanang ka katleho le ho tšoasa litlhapi.
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Sebaka sa koena e majabajaba se atolohetse Indonesia, Vietnam le Malaysia.
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Ganges ea Ganges ka linako tse ling e fumanoa Nepal, Myanmar le Bangladesh. Libakeng tse ngata, mofuta ona o nyametse ka ho felletseng. Sebaka sa Gavialov se qeta boholo ba nako se le ka metsing, moo a ka fumanang lijo tsa hae ka boteng.
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Phepo ea Lero
Baemeli ba bangata ba rata ho tsoma ba le bang, mefuta e sa tloaelehang e ka sebelisana ho batla liphofu. Boholo ba likoena tse kholo li kenyelletsa papali e kholo lijong tsa bona. Tsena li kenyeletsa:
Ha ho sebata se seng se ka bapisoang le koena ka meno a eona a bohale le molomo o sephara. Ha lehlatsipa le oela molomong oa mookoli, joale ha a sa khona ho tsoa ho lona. Ha e le molao, mekholutsoane e metsa phofu ea eona, 'me ka linako tse ling e e rusolla. Likoena tse kholo li ja lijo tse ngata ka letsatsi, hangata 23% ea boima ba 'mele ea tsona.
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Ho tloha mehleng ea khale, sehlahisoa sa bona sa kamehla ke tlhapi. Ka lebaka la sebaka seo e lulang ho sona, mofuta ona oa litoro ke ona o potlakileng ka ho fetisisa ebile o theko e tlaase haholo.
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Ho tsoala nako le bana
Liraka li nkuoa e le baemeli ba sethepu tsa lihahabi. Nako ea ho tlolelana le liphoofolo e tšoauoa ka lintoa tse tšollang madi pakeng tsa banna bakeng sa tlhokomelo ea mosali ea khethiloeng. Ha e itjoala, e tšehali e behela mahe a eona meriti. Ho ba patela mahlo a prying, o koahela mahe ka lefats'e le joang. Tse tšehali tse ling li li pata ka botebo mobung. Palo ea mahe a behiloeng ho latela mofuta oa baemeli. Palo ea tsona e kanna ea ba tse 10 kapa 100. Nakong ea ts'ollo ea mali, e tšehali ha e tlohe manong a eona, kaha e a sireletsa kotsing e ka bang teng ka linako tsohle. Nako eo ponahalo ea likoena e itšetlehileng ka maemo a leholimo, empa, e le molao, e sa feteng likhoeli tse 3. Likoena tse nyane li tsoaloa ka nako e le 'ngoe,' me boholo ba 'mele oa tsona ha li fihle ho lisenthimithara tse 28. Ho leka ho tsoa khetla, masea a sa tsoa tsoaloa a qala ho tetebela holimo haholo ho hohela tlhokomelo ea 'm'ae. Haeba 'm'ae a utloile, o thusa bana ba hae ho ntša mahe ka meno a hae a bohale,' me a roba khetla. Kamora ho hatch e atlehileng, e tšehali e kopanya bana ba hae le seliba.
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Matsatsi a se makae feela hamorao, mme o senya kamano le bana ba hae. Litsuonyana tse nyane li ea naheng e se na libetsa li bile li sa khone ho thusa letho.
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Ha se mefuta eohle e lekolang bana ba bona. Boholo ba likhahla kamora ho behela mahe li tlohela "sehlaha" sa tsona mme li siee bana ka botlalo.
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Kaha likoena li qobelloa ho hola li sa tloha feela, lefu la tsona le sa le monyane le phahameng haholo. Likoena tse nyane li tlameha ho ipata ho libatana tse hlaha, 'me qalong li iphepa ka likokoanyana feela. Ha e se e hola, e ka khona ho sebetsana le ho tsoma lihlapi, 'me ha e se e le batho ba baholo ba ka tsoma papali e kholo.
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