Muskrat ke moemeli feela oa mofuta oa mofuta oa mabotho a marang-rang a tsoang ka tatellano ea litoeba. Ka tsela e 'ngoe, muskrat e boetse e bitsoa rat ea musk. O khetha sebaka sa bolulo sa metsing. E hlahetse Amerika Leboea, ka nako eo e ne e ts'oaroa ka maiketsetso naheng ea Eurasia.

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Ponahalo

Sebopeho sa 'mele oa muskrat se tšoana le likhoto tse kholo. Baemeli ba baholo ba na le boima ba li-kilos tse peli ka bolelele ba lisenthimithara tse 23 ho isa ho tse 36. Bolelele ba mohatla bo bapisoa le bolelele ba 'mele' me bo ka fapana ho isa ho lisenthimithara tse 18 ho isa ho tse 28. Mmele wa phoofolo ena o na le sebopeho sa cylindrical. Hlooho e nyane ka boholo le mozelle e telele. Molala o mokhuts'oane. Ka hloohong ke litsebe tse nyane tse sa bonoeng ka lebaka la boea. Mahlo a manyane ebile a phahametse kozzle.

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Li-incisor li ka ntle ho molomo oa sefahleho ho thusa phoofolo ho sebetsana ka katleho le limela tse thata tse ka tlasa metsi. Mohatla o moholo ebile o boreleli, o koahetsoe ka sekala se tšesaane le moriri o harelaneng. Maoto a ka morao a na le li-membrane.

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Likhoto tsa musk li tsebahala ka boea ba tsona, bo leng molemong oa metsi. Boea ka bo bona ha bo botše ebile bo botenya. Morao le mangole e ka ba e ntšo, e sootho kapa e sootho. Ka lehlakoreng le ka tlase la 'mele, boea bo bobebe haholo,' mala oa eona o ka fapana ho ea bohlooho ho isa ho putsoa. Li-Muskrat li shebahala li bobebe haholo hlabula ho feta mariha.

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Habitat

Naha ea pele ea muskrat e ne e le sebaka se tsoang Amerika Leboea ho ea Mexico. Ka lebaka la hore hangata li-muskrats li ne li tlisoa Europe, li ile tsa mela ka metso tšimong ho tloha Mongolia, China le Korea. Li fumaneha sebakeng sa linoka tse ncha tsa Isiraele. Naheng ea Rashea, muskrat e ka fumaneha seterekeng sa Yuria sa Siberia, Bochabela bo Hare le Kamchatka.

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Ho khethoa ka matamo a matamo a peat, melapo le likana e le libaka tsa bolulo. E kanna ea ba haufi le matangoana a maiketsetso. Mefuta e meng e fumaneha haufi le libaka tsa litoropo, kaha li-muskrats ha li tšabe batho. Qoba libaka tse nang le metsi a lehloa le ho hloka limela.

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Phepo e nepahetseng

Li-Muskrats li ja lijo tsa limela, empa hape li ka iphepa ho li-amphibians tse fapaneng. Ho meroho, k'habeche, mofoka, lehlaka le limela tse 'maloa ka metsing li khethiloe. Batho ba hlasetsoeng ke li-muskrats e ka ba crayfish, litlhapi tse nyane, mollusk le lihoho. Se ke oa nyatsa ho ja setopo. Hoo e ka bang karolo ea 7 lekholong ea lijo e na le lijo tsa liphoofolo.

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Nakong ea mariha a futhumetseng a fepa libakeng tse ipatang tsa lijo, hammoho le metso le ka tlasa metsi a ka tlasa metsi. Tsena ke liphoofolo tse lulang sebakeng se le seng, tseo leha li na le tlhoko e kholo ea lijo, li ke keng tsa tloha sebakeng sa tsona bakeng sa limithara tse fetang 150.

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Mokhoa oa bophelo

Li-Muskrats li khetholloa ke ho hloka botsitso ha tsona. Li ka ba mafolofolo haholo hoo e batlang e le ka linako tsohle tsa letsatsi. Mosebetsi oa bona o ka sehloohong ke ho theha mekoti e ka fihlang ho limilimithara tse peli le bophara ba limithara tse 1,2. E le molao, ka kotlong ho na le phallo e kenang ka metsing. Mocheso oa mochini o kahare ke likhato tse 20 tsa Celsius holimo ho feta mocheso o ka ntle.

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Mehala e hahiloe ka thoko ho e mong. Ho tloaelehile hore liphoofolo tsena li iketsetse li-feed tsa tsona, tse fumanehang hole le limithara tse 2-8 ho tloha mokoting mme li sebelisoa e le polokelo ea phepelo ea lijo. Ba roba likonopo tse tsoang ka tlung ho ea se fepa hore ba fihle kapele lits'ebetsong.

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Li-muskrat li bohlokoa bakeng sa bokhoni ba tsona ba ho sesa. Ka lebaka la ho ba teng ha limatlafatsi tse khethehileng maling le mesifa, li ikutloa li le ntle ka tlasa metsi ntle le moea. Ho bile le maemo ha li-muskrats li le ka tlasa metsi ka metsotso e 17. Ka lebaka la bokhoni bona, ba ka ipata ho tsoa kotsi e ka bang teng ea libatana tse ling.

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Nako ea ho tsoala

Nako ea ho kenyelletsa e nka matsatsi a ka bang 25-25. Lelinyane le le leng le le leng le tsoa ho likonyana tse 7 ho isa ho tse 8. Sebaka sa bolulo se nang le mocheso o batang se thusa ho ba le malinyane a mabeli feela selemong, mme baahi ba tikoloho e futhumetseng ba tsoala litere tse 5. Kamora ho beleha, e tona e phathahane e batlana le lijo tsa mosali, le ho hlophisa maemo a ho pholosa ha malinyane.

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Masea a tsoaloa a foufetse ka botlalo a na le boima ba ligrama tse 22. Kamora matsatsi a 10, ba fumana bokhoni ba ho sesa, mme kamora libeke tse 'maloa ba khona ho ja limela. Ho tloha ha a le lilemo li 1, li-muskrats tse nyane li ikemela, leha ho le joalo mariha a pele a haufi le batsoali ba bona.

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Kholo e hlaha a le lilemo li 7 ho isa ho 12 likhoeli. Tebello ea bophelo ka tlholeho e ka ba lilemo tse 3, 'me kholehong - ho fihlela lilemo tse 10.

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Muskrat le konyana

Lira tsa tlhaho

Kaha li-muskrats li ngata haholo ka tlhaho, hangata e ba lijo tsa libatana tse ngata. Li hlaseloa ke li-raccoon, li-otter, li-alligator, li-pikes, borikhoe ba barn le tse ling. Makhoaba a mangata a sa ts'oaneng a ka tsoma malinyane. Hangata li-muskrats ke liphofu tsa liphokojoe tse kholo le bo-makhopho. Minks ea muskrats e senngoa ke libere, likolobe tse hlaha le liphiri. E le hore e se ke ea oela meloreng ea liphoofolo tse jang tse ling, li-muskrats li ipata bolibeng ba metsi kapa ka har'a mink ea tsona. Ha ho hlaseloa, liphoofolo li itšireletsa ka melala le meno a tsona.

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Baahi ba muskrat ba tšoauoa ka fecundity e phahameng le ho ikamahanya hantle le liphetoho tsa tikoloho, empa palo ea bona e fokotseha ka mor'a lilemo tse 6-10. Sena se bakoa ke ho fetoha ha tlhaho ha cyclic, empa ha ho na lebaka le tobileng.

Tlhaloso ea ponahalo

Mabapi le boholo, phoofolo ena ke e mahareng a rat le beaver. Motho e moholo a ka fihla ho boima ba lik'hilograma tse 1,8 ka bolelele ba 'mele ba bolelele ba 45-70 cm. Ho lokela ho hlokomeloa hore halofo ea boholo bona e oela mohatla. E boreleli hamorao, e koahetsoe ka sekala le boea, mme boea bo thata bo hloella tlase. Ha o tloha ho ona o lula e le moamo fatshe. Motheong oa eona ke litšoelesa tse peli tsa inguinal. Ka bona monko oa muskykarolo ea matšoao.

'Mele o boreleli ka hlooho e nyane le setloholo se koahetsoeng ka boea. Litsebe li tsoa tlasa boea. Mahlo a manyane, a fumaneha haholo. Ho tšoana ha muskrat le li-beavers ke hore incisors protrudentle le ho kena ka hanong. Sena se mo lumella ho koenya lintho ka tlas'a metsi a sa bule molomo. Maoto a morao a maholo ho feta pele. Li na le likhahla tsa ho sesa le likhoele tse bohale.

Seaparo sa boea se na le likarolo tse peli: ho na le mokotla oa silika o tsoang ka tlase, le qubu e tsoang holimo holimo. Mmala o fapane: mokokotlo le matsoho a sootho kapa a sootho, mpa e bohlooho ke boputsoa. Lehlabula, boea bo ea chesa le letsatsi 'me ea ba bobebe. Boea bo na le boea bo botse ebile ha bo na metsi. Phoofolo e e hlokomela ka hloko: e tlotsa ka setlolo le setlolo.

E 'ngoe hape lisebelisoa tsa bophelo ba ka tlasa metsi ke mehloli ea hemoglobin maling le myoglobin ka har'a mesifa. Sena se fa muskrat monyetla oa ho ba ntle le oksijene nako e telele.

Ho tsala

Nako ea ho tlolelana ha liphoofolo e qala mathoasong a selemo. E tšehali e jara malinyane nakong ea khoeli. Lintjeng e le 'ngoe ho na le malinyane a ka bang 7-8. Karolong e ka leboea, bana ba joalo ba ka ba 1-2 ka selemo. Karolong e ka boroa ea muskrats tsoala makhetlo a 2-3 ka selemo. Hoo e ka bang khoeli, 'm'e o fepa bana ba hae ka lebese, leo kapele le ntseng le hola' me le koaheloa ke boea. Hang ka letsatsi la bohlano, mahlo a malinyane a bulehile, 'me ka la leshome ba qala ho ithuta ho sesa. Kamora matsatsi a 30-35 kamora ho hlaha, ba qala ho ba fepa ka lijo tsa semela.

Nakong ea mariha, moloko o mocha o lula o lula le 'm'a bona. Mme ha ho qala ho futhumala ha selemo, o ba leleka minkong. Kahoo, li-muskrats tse nyane li romeloa bophelong bo ikemetseng.

Leha e le pherekano e phahameng, likhoto tsa musky o se phele lilemo tse fetang 3. Maemong a maiketsetso, nako ea bophelo e atolosoa ho fihlela lilemo tse 9-10. Sena se bakoa ke ho ba teng hoa lintho tse ngata tse tšosang naheng.

Ho ikatisa Muskrat

Phoofolo ena ke e 'ngoe ea lintho tse tšoasoang ke ho tšoasa litlhapi lisebelisoa tsa boea tsa bohlokoa. Amerika Leboea e fuoe nama e monate e tšoanang le nama ea mmutla. Li-Muskrats li lengoa mapolasing a ikhethang le ka boinotšing. Letlalo le hlahang le sebelisoa ho roka liaparo tsa boea, likatiba le lisebelisoa tse fapaneng. Lihlahisoa tse joalo lia hlokahala, kaha theko ea tsona e theko e tlaase e kopantsoe le boleng bo botle. Boea bona ke bo tšoarellang, bo botle, bo na le lintho tse sa phetheng metsi, bo sebetsa lilemo tse ka bang 4-5.

Meleng ea setso sebelisitsoeng mafura a ka hare a muskrat. E loketse ho sila. Li-secretions tsa Musky li sebelisoa indastering ea litlolo.

Maemo a botlamuoa

Sebakeng sa maiketsetso, liphoofolo li leka ho theha maemo a tlhaho a tlhaho ka ho fetisisa. Ho tsamaisa tšebetso ea ho aha matlo lia akheloa thepa e fapaneng ea moaho. Tsela e tsoang mokoting e kentsoe ke terata ea sele. Haeba sena se sa khonehe, beha sekontiri se seholo ka metsi.

Lijo tsa phepelo li fapane haholo le tse hlaha. Likhoto tsa musk li thabela ho ja ntho e 'ngoe le e' ngoe eo li fanang ka eona. E ka ba:

• meroho e mecha,
• joang ba dandelions le seboko,
• phofo
• bohobe,
• mabele le dintho.

Nakong ea kholo e kholo, ho kenyelletsoa li-additi tsa bohlokoa lijong tsa muskrat: chisi ea chate, lebese, nama, tlhapi.

Ka tlhokomelo e nepahetseng le litaba tse ntle tsa muskrat tloaelane kapele le batho. Ke nnete, ho na le kotsi ea tšoaetso ho bona ka mefuta eohle ea mafu a tšoaetsanoang.