Li-Hedgehogs ke bahale ba lipale tse ngata tse tenang le li-cartoon; esale ba li tseba kaofela ho tloha bongoaneng. Lehlabuleng, ha letsatsi le likela, liphoofolo tsena tse khahlehang li ka kopana eseng feela pheletsong ea moru, empa le literateng tsa motse tse khutsitseng, lirapeng tsa boikhathollo tsa toropo, le lirapeng moo li batlang lijo - likokoanyana, liboko le li-invertebrates tse ling.

Li-hedgehogs li lula hokae?

Hedgehogs e hlahile Lefatšeng lilemo tse fetang limilione tse 15 tse fetileng. Kajeno ba lula Europe Bophirimela le Bohareng, e leng karolo ea Europe ea Russia, New Zealand, Scandinavia le Kazakhstan. Li boetse li fumanoa Bochabela bo Hare le Siberia. Li khetha ho phela merung e metle, makhulong a matala le lihlahleng. Limeleng tse telele tse nang le joang, metso ea lifate tsa khale, li ka ipata ho lira (liphokojoe, makhoaba a ntsu, likolobe tse hlaha, makhoaba, likhaba le meroalo). Qoba meroalo e teteaneng e nang le letsoai, libaka tse lithaba le tse mokhoabo.

Mefuta e meng e phela lithabeng tse ommeng tsa Afrika le lithabeng tsa Afrika le Middle East.

Mefuta ea li-hedgehogs

Lelapa la hedgehog (Erinaceidae) le kenyelletsa malapa a mabeli a latelang: Ezhinie, kapa li-hedgehogs tsa 'nete (Erinaceinae), le anthem (Galericinae) (eo ho thoeng ke hedgehogs ea rat). Li-gymnastics, ho fapana le li-hedgehogs tse tummeng tse koahetsoeng ka linale, li amohuoa "mokhabiso" o joalo.

Linonyana tse tlase tsa "real" hedgehogs li kopanya mefuta e 15 ea li-hedgehogs ka mefuta e mene:

Baemeli ba mofuta oa hedgehog ea mofuta oa Afrika:

1. Algerian,
2. E tšoeu
3. Somali,
4. Moafrika Boroa.

Mefuta e 'meli ke ea mofuta oa "genpe Steppe":

Mofuta oa li-hedgehogs tsa Euro li kenyeletsa:

1. European Botjhabela
2. Amur
3. O tloaetse kapa oa Europe.

Genus Eared Hedgehogs:

1. Apodal,
2. India,
3. Collared
4. Nale e lefifi
5. Moethiopia,
6. Hedgehog ea nako e telele

Ka fauna ea Russia, ho fumanoa mefuta e meraro ea liphoofolo tsena: tloaelehileng (European hedgehog), Daurian hedgehog le eared hedgehog. Hedgehog e tloaelehileng ke eona e kholo ka ho fetisisa mefuta e mengata.

H hegegehog ea eared e boima ba halofo ea hedgehog e tloaelehileng. O hlakisa lebitso la hae ka botlalo: litsebe tsa hae li telele haholo. Naheng ea Rashea, e ajoa tikolohong ea Lower Volga, Le Caucasus Leboea, Tuva. O ka ithuta ho eketsehileng ka hedgehog eared ho tsoa sengoloa sena.

Daurian hedgehog e kholo ho feta eared, sekoaelo se meutloa hloohong ha se aroloe ke ho arohana, joalo ka European hedgehog. E tsamaisoa Transbaikalia. E fapana le mefuta e meng hobane maemong a leholimo a maru e boetse e sebetsa motšehare.

Haeba u batla ho ba le hedgehog ea lapeng

Mefuta e kang ea belly ea Afrika bakeng sa ho boloka lapeng e loketse haholo ho feta hedgehog e tloaelehileng (European). Dwarf African Hedgehog - mofuta o tsoakaneng oa lebasetere, o holisitsoeng ka ho khetheha bakeng sa tlhokomelo ea lapeng. O monyane haholo ho feta European e tloaelehileng ho rona, ha a ntše monko, o mosa ebile ha a nyenyefatse. Ntle le moo, ba batona ba hedgehog e tšehali ea Afrika ha ba tšoaee sebaka, 'me maemo a basali ha a na thuso.

Likarolo tse ka ntle tsa hedgehogs

Bolelele ba 'mele ke 14-30 cm, mohatla o bolelele ba cm 3. Boholo ba hedgehog bo itšetlehile ka hore na phoofolo ke ea Moafrika kapa ea Europe. Li-hedgehogs tsa Afrika li hola ho fihla ho 24 cm, li-hedgehogs tsa Europe li hola ho feta - ho fihla ho cm 30. Li boima ho tloha ho 0,7 ho isa ho 1,2 kg. Boima ba liphoofolo bo itšetlehile ka nako ea selemo: hoetla ke tsona tse fepehang haholo.

Mmala oa li-hedgehogs o ka fapana hanyane. Karolo e ka holimo hangata e 'mala o lefifi ka' mala o nang le malebela a 'mala o bobebe, empa e ka ba e sootho kapa e soeufala. Mpa, ho latela mofuta oa eona, e sootho, e putsoa kapa e ntšo, hangata e na le letheba le lesoeu sefubeng. Hlooho le mpa ea mpa e koahetsoe ke moriri o harelaneng, o lumellang li-hedgehogs hore li se ke tsa itlhaba ka linale ha li phutha bolo. Matsoho a nang le manala a bohale, maoto a morao a hanyane ho feta a pele. Ho na le menoana e 5 leotong ka leng.

Hedgehogs e na le mozle o molelele oa matsoho, mahlo a bosootho bo bosootho le litsebe tse nyane tse chitja. Moriri sefahlehong o fapana ho tloha bosoeu bo bosehla ho ea bosoeu bo lefifi. Nko e bohale ea hedgehogs, joalo ka nko ea lintja, e lula e le metsi.

Boholo ba 'mele ea liphoofolo bo koahetsoe ka linale ho fihlela lisenthimithara tse tharo. Li-needle li sebeletsa liphoofolo e le tšireletso e ntle khahlanong le lira tse ngata: e loantsoe ka bolo ea maiketsetso, hedgehog e fetoha ntho e ka e hlaselang ho libatana. Karolong e bohareng ea hlooho ho na le mola o sa koaheloang ka linale kapa moriri.

Li-needleg tsa Hedgehog

Li-needle ke "karete ea ho etela" ea li-hedgehogs; li koahela karolo e ka morao le e kaholimo ea mahlakore a phoofolo. Li-hedgehogs tsa batho ba baholo li na le linale tse fetang 5,000. Li-needre ke moriri o fetotsoeng. Mahlakoreng a phoofolo u ka bona linale tse tšesaane haholo le moriri o motenya, ho bontša nts'etsopele ea ba bang.

Li-needle tsa Hedgehog li bobebe ebile li tšoarella, e 'ngoe le e' ngoe e na le likamore tse ngata tse nyane tsa moea, tse arohaneng le tse ling ka lipolanete tse tšesaane. Haufi le botlaaseng, litlhoko li tšela molala o tšekaletseng o bonojoana, 'me o atoloha hape ho fihlela bolo e nyane e lutseng letlalong. Sesebelisoa se joalo se kenya letsoho ho etsa hore mojaro o mong le o mong oa kantle ho li-needle (mohlala, ho ts'oaroa ha o oela) o lebisa ho kobeheng ha karolo ea bona e tšesaane e sisinyang, mme eseng ho hlahisoeng ha setsi sa linale ka 'mele oa hedgehog. Mesifa e nyane e hokahane motheong oa nale e 'ngoe le e' ngoe, e e tlisang boemong bo otlolohileng. Ka tloaelo mesifa ena ea hlasimoloha 'me linale lia hlakoloa. Ha ho na le kotsi, hedgehog ha e iname hanghang ha e sa le bolo, qalong e phahamisa linale ebe e emela hore tšokelo e fete. Li-needle tse phahamisitsoeng tse nang le malebela a bohale li khokhothela ka mahlakoreng a fapaneng, li tšela e mong le e mong, e leng se etsang hore ho be le lihlomo tse batlang li le sieo.

Hdgehog e hlola joang hore e be bolo?

Motho e mong le e mong o tseba bokhoni ba li-hedgehogs ba ho ikhula papaling ea bolo. Empa ba e etsa joang? Taba ke hore ka tlasa letlalo la bona ho na le mesifa e matla, e ntlafalitsoeng ka mahlakoreng ho feta bohareng ba mokokotlo, e etsa selikalikoe se koetsoeng - mesifa e chitja. Ha metsoako ea mesifa e chitja e sebetsa joalo ka khoele e hulang ho buloa ha mokotla. Ha hedgehog e qala ho petsoha, mesifa e 'meli e menyenyane e qala ho sutumetsa letlalo ka sekwahelo sa nale le mesifa ea lesale e robetseng ka tlase ho leqaqaqaqaqaqaqaqaqaqailaneng, ebe likonopo tsa mokokotlo tse chitja, hlooho le mokokotlo li hatelloa ka thata likarolo tse sa sirelelitsoeng tsa' mele. Sesebelisoa sena se sebetsa hantle haholo bakeng sa ts'ireletso khahlanong le liphokojoe, lintja, li-raccoon, linonyana tse jang nama.

Ntle ho pelaelo, lisaliti ke tšireletso e ntle. Leha ho le joalo, ha ba boloke li-hedgehogs ho likokoana-hloko tse nyollang mali; ho fapana le hoo, ba rata tšebetso ea bona ea bohlokoa ho liphoofolo. Ntle le moo, sekwahelo sa nale se sa keneleng ha se lumelle li-hedgehogs ho hloekisoa. Liphoofolo tse ling e ba sebaka sa bohahlauli bakeng sa makhoaba a likete-kete le menoang e mengata. Ho feta moo, hedgehogs e tšoeroe ke mycoses.

Ponahalo

Hedgehog e tloaelehileng ke phoofolo e nyane. Bolelele ba 'mele oa hae ke 20-30 cm, mohatla - boima ba' mele oa 3 cm - 700-800 g. Litsebe li nyane haholo (hangata li ka tlase ho 3.5 cm). Moqomo o molelele. Nko ea phoofolo e bohale ebile e lula e le mongobo kamehla. Li-hedgehogs tse tloaelehileng tse lulang Cyprus li na le litsebe tse kholo. Ka mohlahareng o moholo, li-hedgehogs li na le meno a manyane a 20 a bohale, 'me ka tlase - 16. Litšiea tse holimo li hahelletsoe haholo,' me li siea sebaka sa ho longoa ke lintho tse ka tlaase. Hlooho e kholo, e bopehile joaloka sebopeho, 'me e na le karolo ea sefahleho e nyane hanyane ka hanyane. Ka li-paws, menoana e 5 e nang le mahare a bohale. Maoto a morao a telele ho feta a pele. Linoko tsa hedgehog e tloaelehileng li bokhutšoanyane, eseng tse fetang cm 3. Hloohong, linale li arotsoe likarolo tse peli ka "ho arohana". Bokantle ba linale bo boreleli, 'mala oa bona o entsoe ka mabanta a sootho a sootho le a bobebe. Ka morao, ka mahlakoreng le hloohong, linale li na le bolelele ba lisenthimithara tse peli. Ka hare li ka hare, li tletse moea. Linoko li hola ka tekanyo e lekanang le ea moriri. Pakeng tsa nale, moriri o molelele, o molelele haholo. Hlooho le mpa li apesitsoe ka moriri o harelaneng, 'me hangata li' mala o lefifi. Ho hedgehogs ea batho ba baholo, hangata masale a likete tse 5-6, ho batho ba banyenyane ba ka bang likete tse 3.

Ka sefahleho, maoto le mpa ea li-hedgehogs tse tloaelehileng, 'mala o fapana ho tloha tšoeu bo bosoeu ho isa ho ba lefifi. Li-brownish needle tse nang le metsero e metšo e metšo. Sefuba le 'metso oa hedgehog li tiile ka' mala, ntle le matheba a tšoeu a fapaneng. Li-Hedgehogs tse lulang Spain li na le 'mala o moputsoa.

Habitat

H hedgehog e tloaelehileng e lula libakeng tse fapaneng ka ho fetisisa, e qoba mekhoabo e meholo le meru e lulang e le metala ea li-coniferous. Li-prefers li phahama, li-coplect, glade tse nyane, likhohola tsa linoka. Mohlomong o lula haufi le monna. Europe, hedgehog e tloaelehileng e ka fumaneha merung e bulehileng, lithoteng tse nang le joang, lihlabeng, libakeng tse lehlabathe esita le lirapeng tsa boikhathollo.

Mokhoa oa bophelo

Hedgehog e tloaelehileng ke phoofolo e sebetsang bosiu. Ha a rate ho tloha ha hae nako e telele. Hedgehogs e qeta letsatsi sehlaheng kapa libakeng tse ling tsa bolulo.

Litlou li hahiloe lihlahla, likoting, mahaheng, likorong tsa likhoele kapa metsong ea lifate. Ka tloaelo sehlaha se bophara ba 15-20 cm; se na le matlakala a joang bo botala kapa makhasi, moss. Ka thuso ea menoana e melelele e bohareng, li-hedgehogs li hlokomela mesifa ea tsona. Liphoofolo tsa sefubeng li nyeka leleme. Tse tona li loantšana, li lebela libaka tsa tsona ka cheseho. Sebaka sa liwebsaete tse joalo ho banna ke 7-39 ha, le ho basali - ka 6-10 ha. Ho sotha ka hedgehogs e tloaelehileng ho etsahala butle, hangata ka selemo kapa hoetla. Ka karolelano, nale e le 'ngoe feela ho liphetoho tse tharo ka selemo. Lenaka le leng le le leng le hola ka likhoeli tse 12-18. Ka tlhaho, liphoofolo tsena li phela lilemo tse 3-5, botlamuoeng li ka phela ho fihlela lilemo tse 8-10.

Li-Hedgehogs ke liphoofolo tse potlakileng bakeng sa boholo ba tsona. Li khona ho matha ka lebelo ho isa ho 3 m / s, li khona ho sesa le ho tlola. Ha o tsamaea mme o matha, li-hedgehogs li theohela fatše ka maoto a tsona kaofela. Joalo ka liphoofolo tse ngata tse jang bosiu, hedgehog ha e bone hantle, empa e na le mohopolo o bohale oa monko le kutlo. Lehlabuleng, sekhahla sa pelo ke likonteraka tse 180 ka motsotso, ka hibernation, maqhubu a theoha ho fihla ho 20-60 beats ka motsotso, ha hedgehogs e nka phefumoloho e le 'ngoe ka motsotso. Ha serame se qala, li-hedgehogs tsa Europe li koala ka thata monyako oa sekoti ebe o oela hibernation. Ka tloaelo hibernation ena e tšoarella ho tloha ka Mphalane ho fihlela ka Mphalane. Nakong ea hibernation, mocheso oa mmele oa hedgehog o theohela ho 1.8 ° C. Hlabula, o hloka ho boloka mafura a mangata kamoo ho ka khonehang, hobane haeba hedgehog e tloaelehileng e hibernates ntle le phepelo e lekaneng ea mafura (ka tlase ho 500 g), ka nako ea mariha o kotsing ea ho bolaoa ke tlala. Kamora ho hibernation, ha e tlohe sehlaheng ho fihlela mocheso oa moea o nyolohela ho 15 ° C. Li-hedgehogs tse tloaelehileng li phela bophelo bo le bong, empa li atamelane.

Ka lebaka la mosebetsi oa ho etsa thuto ea hedgehog ea Europe New Zealand, ho ile ha fumaneha hore, ha ba se ba iphumane ba le maemong a macha, li-hedgehogs li "lebala" ho ts'oaroa ha tsona mme li ikemiselitse ho hlola bosiu lihlaheng tse tloaelehileng. Ntle le moo, li-hedgehogs ha li kenyeletse litholoana tsa limela tsa matsoalloa feela lijong tsa tsona, empa ka linako tse ling li ile tsa qala ho fokotsa lijo tsa liphoofolo tse tloaelehileng.

Phepo e nepahetseng

Hedgehog e tloaelehileng ke phoofolo e makatsang. Motheo oa phepo ea ona o entsoe ke likokoanyana tse holileng, likokonyana, li-slugs, ka linako tse ling litsuonyana, litoeba. Maemong a tlhaho, litlatsetso ha li hlaseloe hangata, hangata ke bahlaseluoa ba hedgehog e fetoha lihahabi tse iphetotseng. Ho tsoa ho limela li ka ja monokotsoai le litholoana. Ho fapana le tumelo e tsebahalang, li-hedgehogs hangata ha li je linoha, hobane motheo oa phepo ea li-hedgehogs ke likokoanyana (ka li-hedgehogs tse lulang New Zealand, motheo oa lijo le litholoana tsa limela tsa matsoalloa). Ka 1811, P.S.as Pallas e ile ea itlama hore li-hedgehogs ntle le ho intša kotsi li ile tsa ja li-boilers tse nang le chefo e nang le chefo bakeng sa liphoofolo tse ling. Li-Hedgehogs le tsona ha li na katleho e kholo ho chefo e kang arsenic, chloride ea methapo, opium esita le hydrocyanic acid. Ho joalo, litekanyetso tse kholo haholo tsa chefo li kotsi ho li-hedgehogs, empa litekanyetso tse bolaeang liphoofolo tse ling, hammoho le batho, ha li utloise li-hedgehogs.

Litoeba, tseo ka linako tse ling li sa bolelloeng haholo ho litoeba tsa sebele, ha li fumanehe ka tlhaho le linthong tse nyane ka tlhaho. Har'a likokoanyana tse jetsoeng ke hedgehog, ho ile ha bonoa tse ling tse kotsi (ka mohlala, likokoanyana tsa May, bo-maleshoane ba nang le boea ba lefatše, likokoanyana tsa silire, likokoana-hloko tse sa sebetsoang).

Li-mahe le litsuane tsa linonyana leha e le life tse nyane tse lutseng fatše le tsona lia ja.

Ho tsala

Kamora ho hibernation ea mariha, li-hedgehogs li qala nako ea ho tlolella. Pakeng tsa ba batona, hangata lintoa li hlaha ka lebaka la basali. Tse tona li loma maoto le matsoho, sefahleho, sututsa le ho sebelisa linale tsa bona ntoeng. Nakong ea ntoa, li-hedgehogs li hohola haholo le ho foka. Kamora ntoa, motho ea hlolang o potoloha lihora tse ngata haufi le mosali. Nakong ea botona, e tona e lula ka morao ho mosali. Bo bong ba mosali bo qetellong ea 'mele,' me botona ba monna bo kahara mpa, hobane ka sena, ha a hloke ho nyoloha e tšehali ka botlalo. Pele e tlolelana, e tšehali e tsokotsa meutloa ka hloko 'me e inama ka morao. Kamora ho tlolelana, li-hedgehogs lia qhalakana. Ha e le setšabelo, hedgehog e cheka lesoba la eona kapa e sebelisa likhoele tse lahliloeng. Ka sekoting ke litšila tsa joang bo omeletseng le makhasi.

E le molao, e tšehali e tlisa ngoana a le mong feela ka selemo. Boimana bo nka matsatsi a 49. Lintšing, hangata 3-8 (hangata hangata 4) li-cubs. Li-Hedgehogs li tsoaloa li hlobotse, li foufetse, li na le letlalo le khanyang la pinki, boima ba 'mele oa tsona ke ligrama tse 12 feela. Lihora tse 'maloa ka mor'a ho hlaha, hedgehog e na le linale tse tšoeu le tse lefifi tse bonolo. Sekoahelo sa nale e felletseng se thehiloe ka letsatsi la 15 la bophelo. Lactation e nka khoeli e le 'ngoe. Kamora hore e phethe, hedgehog e qala ho phela ka bolokolohi. Ba fetoha batho ba baholo ba kopanang le thobalano ka likhoeli tse 10-12.

Molemong le kotsi ho batho

Hdgehog e tloaelehileng e bohlokoa bakeng sa ho timetsa likokoanyana tse kotsi: har'a likokoanyana tse jetsoeng ke tsona ke maleshoane a May, likokonyana tsa semousu le mofuta o sa sililoang oa silkorm. Ka nako e ts'oanang, hedgehog e senya matsuane le mahe a linonyana tse nyane tse lutseng fatše. Ka hona, ho Outer Hebrides, li-hedgehogs tse hlahisitsoeng li fetohile likokoanyana tsa 'nete tse felisang likhoele tsa linonyana tse kang snipe, dunlin, konokono le lapwing.

Hedgehog e ka ba sesosa sa mafu a kang dermatomycosis, feberu ea mosehla, salmonellosis, leptospirosis, rabies. Malepa le matsetse a fumaneha ka bongata bo boholo ho bona. Mohlala, boithuto ba likokoana-hloko tsa iododid (bakuli ba amanang le ho ruruha ha lesapo la mokokotlo, tularemia, babesiosis ea likhomo, equine pyroplasmosis pathogens) li senotse hore li-hedgehogs ke tse ling tsa libaka tseo liboseleise li jang ka methating eohle ea kholo. Libakeng tsa meru, li-hedgehogs li bokella mites ho kenyeletsa le liphoofolo tse ling tse ngata, hobane sekoaelo sa eona se bokana joaloka brashe. Ho tsoa liboselereng tse nang le lipakeng tsa linale, hedgehog ha e khone ho tlosa.

Hedgehog ke mefuta e atileng haholo ka linako tse ling. E tloaela bophelo haufi le batho mme hangata e lula e le phoofolo ea lapeng. Hoa tsebahala hore Baroma morao koana lekholong la IV. BC e. li-hedgehogs li ne li hlahiselitsoe nama - e ne e apehiloe ka linale ka letsopa. Letlalo la Hedgehog le lona le ne le sebelisoa haholo moaparong oa letlalo:

Li-heedgehogs ka bobona ha li na thuso bophelong ba motho, joalo ka ba bangata ba rona re nahana, hobane haeba ba ne ba sena linale, matlalo a liphoofolo tse bonolo a ne a tla be a se na thuso bakeng sa batho ba shoang: kamora tsohle, hedgehog e sebelisoa bakeng sa ho apara. Leha ho le joalo, mona tokelo e ikhethileng ea ho rekisa sehlahisoa sena e lebisitse ntlheng ea hore barekisi ba nang le eona ba ruisa molemo ka lebaka la linepe tse ngata, ha ho bothata bo bong bo neng bo hloka hore linyeoe tse joalo khafetsa ka Ntlong ea Senate, ebile ho ne ho se na moemphera a le mong ea neng a ka be a sa tletleba ka fake hedgehog letlalo (Pliny Moholo, Nalane ea Tlhaho VIII. 135).

Melemo e meng ea setso (haholo bakeng sa lehare) e kenyelelitse molora, bile, entra kapa mali a tsoang hedgehog.

Lintlha

• Ha a kopana le ntho e nkang matla, li-hedgehogs li bonts'a boitšoaro bo makatsang bo tsejoang ka hore ke mokhoa oa ho ikoetlisa. Hedgehog e lick ka taba ho fihlela mathe a foamy a qala ho totobala, ebe o e fetisetsa ho linale.
• Ka linako tse ling li-hedgehogs li phunya li-butts tsa koae kapa boea ba k'hothone ka litlolo tsa nale. Ts'ebetso ea boitšoaro bona e ntse e sa hlaka. Mohlomong ena ke mokhoa oa ho loants'oa likokoana-hloko.
• Tumelo e atileng ea hore li-hedgehogs li qhekella lijo ka linaleng ke phoso.(Mohlala, ke khopolo e tloaelehileng e fosahetseng ea hore li-hedgehogs li ka theola liapole kapa li-mushroom masaleng a tsona). Sengoli sa phoso ena ke Pliny Moholo, ea ngotseng Paleng ea Tlhaho:

LVl 133. Bakeng sa mariha, lijo le li-hedgehogs li bolokiloe: ha li se li roetse liapole tse oeleng, li-hedgehogs ka hona li li beha mokokotlong oa tsona, 'me, ba tšoere apole e' ngoe melomong ea bona, ba e fetisetsa likoting tsa lifate.

Tlhaloso ea liphoofolo

Hedgehog ke phoofolo e nyane e jang tse jang likokoanyana. Boima ba eona bo ka fihla ho 1,2 kg, mme bolelele ba eona ke lisenthimithara tse 20. Hangata, ba batona ba ba baholo ho feta basali. Tloholo ea hedgehog e bolelele, 'me e kholo haholo.

Mahlo a phoofolo a manyane ebile a haelloa ke matla a ho bona ka tloaelo. Empa, bakeng sa pono, hedgehog e na le bokhoni ba tlhaho ka kutlo le monko o monate. Ho na le litsebe tse nyane tlhōrōng ea hedgehog, le molomo o mokgutshwane haufi le nko.

Bakeng sa ho sisinyeha habonolo, maoto a eona a morao a malelele ho feta a pele. Hedgehog e na le meno a mashome a mararo a metso e ts'eletseng le menoana e melelele ho e 'ngoe le e ngoe ea menoana e mehlano. Ena ke lisebelisoa tsa hae tsa ho ipatlela lijo.

Tloaelo e tloaelehileng ea hedgehog - setšoantšo se tloaelehileng

Batho bohle ba tseba ka setšoantšo sa motho ea lulang morung o motle oa lihlahla le li-steppes. Ho tsoa libukeng tsa bana, mohopolo oa phoofolo e bonolo, e se nang kotsi, e atisang ho hlaha meeling ea moru le litseleng tsa steppe, o phela ka mokhoa o tsitsitseng. Qaleho ea lebitso la hedgehog e tloaelehileng e na le metso ea Latin mme e fetolela "prickly barriers".

Litšobotsi tsa Hedgehog le tikoloho ea tsona

Ho na le mefuta e fetang 20 ea li-hedgehogs, empa li ts'oana haholo ebile lia tsebahala ka lebaka la li-muzzles tse telele hloohong e kholo bakeng sa hedgehog e bolelele ba 20 cm. Mahlo a litelu a hlasimolohile 'me a hlakile, empa ha a bone hantle. Empa monko le kutlo li ntle haholo, leha e le hore antennae e nong e kolobisang, e tsamaisang nko le litsebe e nyane.

Batho ba bangata ka phoso ba lumela hore porcupine le hedgehog - sehlopha sa liphoofolo ka maqhama a lelapa. Ebile, ho tšoana hona hoa thetsa, beng ka hedgehogs ba phela har'a moles, li-shark le li-tenreks tse sa tsejoeng tse tlase. Phoofolo e kang Hedgehog liaparo tse hlotsoeng liaparo - hangata hase mong ka eena. Kahoo urchin ea leoatleng ke phoofolo, ha e tšoane le moahi oa moru ntle le lebitso.

Hedgehog - phoofolo e sa sireletseheng, boima ba phoofolo ka kakaretso bo batla bo le 800 g, empa pele ho hibernation e ba boima ho fihlela ho 1200 g. Tse tona li kholo ho feta basali. Maoto a ka pele a hedgehog a mokhutšoanyane ho feta ka morao, menoana e mehlano ho e 'ngoe le e' ngoe e na le mehala e bohale. Mohatla o monyane ho isa ho 3 cm o batla o sa bonahale tlasa seaparo sa nale ea phoofolo.

Li-needle tse khanyang tsa brownish ho fihlela ho 3 cm ka boholo, li sephara ka hare. Tlas'a nale e 'ngoe le e' ngoe ho na le fiber ea mesifa e khonang ho e phahamisa le ho e theola. Li-needle tse ka bang 1-2 ho tse tharo ka selemo lia hola le ho oela ka linako tse ling. Ha ho na ho oela ka botlalo ha kobo ea boea, butle-butle, sekoaelo se nchafatsoa nako e fetang selemo le halofo. Li-needle li lahleloa feela ke batho ba kulang.

Palo ea li-needle ho hedgehog e le 'ngoe e kholo e fihla ho likete tse 5-6,' me ka phoofolo e nyane - ho fihlela ho isa ho likete tse 3. Moriri o sa rarahaneng pakeng tsa linale le ona oa hlaha, 'me ka mpeng le lihlooho li monko o botšo li bile li pente li lefifi. Seaparo se nang le boea bo botala se tloaelehile ho feta, empa har'a li-hedgehogs ho na le mefuta ea mebala e mebala-bala le e bonehileng.

Karolo e tsebahalang ea hedgehogs e nyoloha le glick ea glick, haeba e le kotsing. Monyetla ona o amahanngoa le mosebetsi oa mesifa ea mehele, bokhoni ba ho otlolla likarolo tse ka holimo tsa letlalo.

Boemong bona, liphoofolo li ka lula nako e telele ho fihlela tšokelo e feta. Linoko li hola ka tsela e fapaneng 'me li etsa mofoka o matla oa meutloa. Ke bolo e ke keng ea qojoa.

Li-hedgehogs tsa liphoofolo ho lula lik'honthinente tse peli feela: Eurasia le Afrika leboea. Leha maemo a leholimo a tšoanang le a Europe le Amerika Leboea a le teng, li-hedgehogs ha li sa le eo, le ha mesaletsa ea mesaletsa ea khale e sa ntse e supa phalliso ea pele.

Meru e tsoakaneng le likoporasi, lithota tse nang le joang, likhohola tsa linoka, mapatoana, ka linako tse ling lesupi - libaka tsa liphoofolo tse hlabang haholo. Qoba feela libaka tse moferefere le li-conifere. Tšimo ea hau li-hedgehogs lefatšeng la liphoofolo ha ba tšoaee, ba lula ba le bang haholo tšimong e itseng, e hlahlojoang khafetsa ho batla lijo.

Hedgehogs hangata e fumanoa haufi le moo batho ba lulang teng kapa lintho tse etsoang ke mesebetsi ea moruo: libakeng tsa boikhathollo, lirapa tse lahliloeng kantle ho toropo le masimong a lijo-thollo. Tlatsetsa mollong ona oa moru, maemo a leholimo a tlatselletsang kapa a se nang phepo.

Sebopeho sa Hedgehog le mokhoa oa hae oa bophelo

Hedgehogs ke liphoofolo tsa bosiu, motšehare ba ipata har'a makhasi le moea o fokang moeeng, pakeng tsa metso ea limela. Ha ba rate mocheso, ba ipata ka mink e sa tebang kapa lihlaha tsa joang bo omeletseng, boriba, makhasi. Boholo ba sebaka sa bolulo bo joalo bo boholo hanyane ho feta boholo ba mong, ho fihlela 20-25 cm. Mona phoofolo e hlokomela kobo ea boea sefubeng le mpeng, e e nyeka ka leleme.

Metsoako e melelele e bohareng e thusa ho hloekisa meutloa ha ho khoneha, e sirelletsang khahlanong le liphoofolo tse jang liphoofolo, empa e bokella liboseleise le likokoana-hloko tse ling. Har'a litsebi tsa baeloji, ho na le mohopolo oa hora ea hora, ho bolelang palo ea likhahla tse bokelloang nakong ea hora ea ho tsamaea morung.

Bath ea acid e thusa ho tlosa likokonyana, kahoo li-hedgehogs li rata ho "sesa" ka liapole tse bolileng kapa litholoana tse ling. Boitšoaro bona bo amahanngoa le maikutlo a fosahetseng a hore li-hedgehogs li tšoana le liapole tse jang. Litatso tsa tatso ea phoofolo li fapane.

Lefifing, mohopolo o bobebe oa monko oa thusa; pono le kutlo li kenya letsoho. Ts'ebetso ea liphoofolo e bonts'a tsela, e fihla ho 3 km ka bosiu. Li-paws tse khutšoane ha li u lumelle ho tsamaea ka potlako, empa mehato e potlakileng e jara li-hedgehogs ka potlako bakeng sa boholo ba tsona ka lebelo ho fihla ho 3 m / s. Ntle le moo, li-hedgehogs ke li-jumpers tse ntle le lits'oants'o tse ntle.

TO hore na hedgehog ke liphoofolo tsa mofuta ofe ka tlhaho, motho e mong le e mong oa tseba. O khotso, empa o na le lira tse ngata ka tlholeho: liphiri, liphokojoe, linokoane, meteo, makhopho, makhoaba a ntsu, marabe. Ha a kopana le sera, hedgehog ea pele e itihela ho sebata e le hore e tsebe ho thula, ebe bolo ea linalete e fetoha qhobosheane e sa mameleng. Ha e hlaselitsoe ebile e hlabang, mohlaseli o lahleheloa ke thahasello ho phofu le makhasi.

Empa ho na le mekhoa e thetsang ea ho qhekella hedgehog e bonolo e nang le kelello. Tse ho tsoa ho liphoofolo tse jang li-hedgehogsho ba le bohlale ba sebatana. Ntsu e bolotsana e hlasela ka khutso 'me e leka ka matla ho ts'oasa phofu ea eona.

Sekala se matla linong tsa nonyana se sireletsa mehatong e mebe. Phokojoe e ile ea qhekella hore e khanne hedgehog ho e nosetsa kapa e e theole ka sekhahla ho e kena ka letamong. Phoofolo e phaphametseng e bulang mpa le setloholo e hlaseleha habonolo ho sebatana.

Ka duel hedgehog le linoha ea hlōlang e tla ba phoofolo e sa tšabeng letho. O tšoere mohatla oa hae 'me o kokotile ka bolo, o mo hulanya ka tlase ho eena. Taba e khahlisang ke ho hloka botsitso ha li-hedgehogs ho chefo tse ngata.

Kahoo, mohlala, mali a hlatsoang litsuane kapa bo-maleshogs, mahloko a linotsi, cantharidin ea lintsintsi tsa seponche ha a utloise moahi ea lonya hampe, leha masholu a joalo a bolaoa ke liphoofolo tse ling.

Hydrocyanic acid, opium, arsenic kapa mercuric chloride e na le phello e fokolang ho hedgehogs. Ka hoetla, liphoofolo li bokella mafura bakeng sa hibernation. Mefuta ea li-hedgehogs tse lulang libakeng tse ka boroa e lula e sebetsa selemo sohle.

Nako ea hibernation e feta ka sekoting. Mocheso oa 'mele oa theoha,' me pulse e theoha ho 20-60 beats ka motsotso. Ho tsosa ho etsahala nakong ea selemo ha moea o futhumala ho fihlela ka April. Haeba mafura a tlotsitsoeng a sa lekana, phoofolo e ka shoa ke tlala.

Hedgehogs e tseba merero ea bona 'me e ba sireletsa litlhaselong tsa beng ka bona. Tse tšehali li lula lihekthere tse 10 tsa sebaka, mme banna - makhetlo a 2-3 ho feta moo. Ho lula ha bona ho bontšoa ke lerata le lerata, melumo e ts'oanang le ho thimola. Hedgehog cubs e letsa mololi 'me ea bokotsa joaloka linonyana.

Hedgehog: tlhaloso, sebopeho, litšobotsi. Hdgehog e shebahala joang?

Ho ea ka sehlopha sa zoological, li-hedgehogs ke liphoofolo tse anyesang tse ling, tatellano ea li-hedgehogs le lelapa la hedgehogs.

Bolelele ba hedgehog, ho latela mofuta oa eona, bo tsoa ho cm 10 ho isa ho 44. Hape, boima ba hedgehog bo ka tloha ho ligrama tse 300 ho isa ho tse 1.5. Phoofolo ena e na le mohatla, 'me mohatla oa hedgehog o hola ho tloha ho 1 ho isa ho 21 cm ka bolelele.

Hlooho ea hedgehog e kholo haholo, e bopehile joaloka sebopeho, 'me sefuba se bolelele, se khabisitsoe ka nko ea mohala ea hedgehog e lulang e le metsi.

Meno a hedgehog, leha a le manyane, a bohale haholo. Ka tloaelo ho na le meno a 20 ka mohlahareng o kaholimo le 16 ka tlase. Meno a mabeli a holimo a maholo a bile a shebahala joalo ka fang. Le ha mefuta e meng ea li-hedgehogs e na le meno a ka bang 44. Joale o tseba karabo ea potso, hedgehog e na le meno a makae?

Maoto a morao a hedgehog a malelele ho feta pele, maoto ka leng a na le menoana e mehlano. Phapang e le 'ngoe feela ke hedgehog e' mala o mosoeu, e nang le menoana e mene feela marong a eona. Li-Hedgehogs ke liphoofolo tse hloekileng mme nako le nako li hloekisa li-needle tsa tsona ka thuso ea menoana e melelele e bohareng.

Meutloa e bohale kapa li-needle tsa hedgehog ke mokhoa oa hae oa khoebo, mofuta oa karete ea phoofolo ena. E boetse e sebeletsa ho ba sireletsa ho libatana - nakong ea koluoa, li-hedgehogs li ikobela bolo, ka ntle moo ho nang le meutloa e tiileng, le ho tsamaisa phepelo ea lijo tse fapaneng - li-hedgehogs hangata li hlaba liapole kapa li-mushroom ka sindong tsa tsona ho li fetisetsa mink ea tsona.

Ka karolelano, hedgehog e 'ngoe le e' ngoe e na le lipono tse ka bang 10,000. 'Mala oa li-needle tsa mefuta e mengata ea li-hedgehogs o lefifi mme o bobebe metsero. 'Mala oa boea ba hedgehog, ho latela mofuta oa ona, o ka ba o sootho, o lehlabathe, o sootho kapa o soeufetse.

Ho ba phoofolo ea bosiu, hedgehog ha e bone hantle, empa e na le monahano o hlasimolohileng oa monko le kutlo.

Le ha li-hedgehogs e le liphoofolo tsa naha, li khona ho sesa le ho hloa lifate hantle.

Li-hedgehogs li ja eng ka tlhaho?

Lihoete ke liphoofolo tse hlasimolohang tse jang litholoana tse fapaneng (liapole, liperela, fragole, linaoa, makhapetla), li-mushroom, moss, acorn le liphoofolo tse ling: likokoanyana tse kholo (likokoanyana, likhohlo, litsie, litsie, lipulumo tsa lefatše), mahe a linonyana. Mefuta e meholo ea li-hedgehogs e ka tsoma mekholutsoane, lihohoana, litoeba. Kaha e khona ho loantšana le chefo, li-hedgehogs hape li hlasela linoha tse hlabang le liphepheng.

Li-Hedgehogs ho bohlokoa haholo ho nona hantle nakong ea lehlabula le hoetla, ho fumana mehloli ea mafura, ho seng joalo li ka shoa nakong ea mariha a hibernation, moo li oelang joalo ka libere ha ho qala mariha a mariha. Ke phepelo e ntle ea mafura e lumellang li-hedgehogs hore li lule li le maemong a phetisetso (lebitso la saense bakeng sa hibernation liphoofolong) ho fihlela selemo.

European hedgehog

Ke hedgehog ea tloaelehileng, setho se tloaelehileng ho lelapa la hedgehog. Bolelele ba 'mele oa hedgehog e tloaelehileng ke 20-30 cm, le boima ba 800. E lula ho pholletsa le Europe, leha ho le joalo, e ka fumanoa linaheng tse ling tsa Asia.

Eketse hedgehog

Tšobotsi e ikhethang ea hedgehog ena, e e fileng lebitso la eona, ke litsebe tsa eona tse telele tse sa tloaelehang, li hola ho fihla ho 5 cm ka bolelele. Li-hedgehogs tse bolelele bo bolelele, li na le bolelele ba 12 ho isa ho 27 cm, li boima ho fihlela ho 430. Li lula linaheng tse ngata Afrika le Asia Minor, hape li ka fumaneha India le China.

Hedgehog ea Europe Bochabela

Ka ponahalo, e tšoana haholo le hedgehog ea Europe, empa e na le 'mala o fapaneng hanyane, e leng, bokapele ba molala le mpa e bobebe. E hola ho fihla ho 35 cm ka bolelele ba 1,2 kg. Ha e lule feela Europe Bochabela ka bo eona, empa hape le ho Urals, hammoho le linaheng tse 'maloa tsa Middle East.

African pygmy hedgehog

Hedgehog ena e nyane e lulang Afrika ha e hlokomelehe ka ponahalo ea eona, malebela a linale tsa eona, ho fapana le li-hedgehogs tse ling, ha li sootho, empa li tšoeu. Hape o na le tloaelo ea ho ba kotsing ea ho hooa le ho hoelehetsa haholo. Bolelele ba 'mele oa heggehog ea Afrika ke bolelele ba 15-22 cm, boima ba 350-700 g. E lula ka nqa ea lehoatata la Sahara linaheng tse' maloa tsa Afrika: Nigeria, Sudan, Ethiopia, Senegal, Mauritania.

Nako e telele-nale ea hedgehog

Hedgehog ena e rehiloe lebitso la eona esita le ho litekanyetso tsa hedgehog, nale e telele le e tenya. Bolelele ba linale tsa hae ke lisenthimithara tse 4-4.2. Li-needle ka botsona li na le 'mala o fapaneng, o ka ba o bobebe kapa o motšo. Bolelele ba 'mele oa hedgehog ena ke 22-27 cm, ka boima ba 500 ho isa ho 900 g. E lula Middle East, Hloahloeng ea Arabia. E thathamisitsoe ho Buka e Khubelu ea Uzbekistan.

Daurian hedgehog

Ena ke stepd hedgehog e lulang ho tloha litepising tsa Transbaikalia ho ea Mongolia le China leboea. Ho fapana le li-hedgehogs tse ling, mesaletsa ea mofuta ona e khuts'oane, lehlabathe kapa e sootho. Kobo ea hedgehog ena ke ea bohlooho kapa e sootho ka 'mala.

Mokhoa oa ho fepa hedgehog lapeng?

Ha lijo tsa hedgehog, nama e tala, e halikiloeng, sebete se phehiloeng le tlhapi e sa tsoakoang li nepahetse. Joaloka lino, u ka mo fa maphele, liboko tsa phofo kapa lilakane. Hape, li-hedgehogs li tla thabela ho ja liapole le lihoete.

Hangata batho ba ipotsa hore na li-hedgehogs li ka ba le lebese. Rea araba: che, ha ho khonehe, li-hedgehogs ha li na mamello ea lactose, e lebeseng, ka hona lebese le ke keng la baka mpa ea leqoopheng hedgehog, empa le lebisa lefung la hae.

Li-hedgehogs li oela neng hibernation?

Joalokaha re ngotse ka holimo, li-hedgehogs li oela hibernation. Leha li-hedgehogs tse lulang botlamuoeng li sa bonahale eka li hlile lia hlokahala, empa u ke ke ua thetsa mokhoa oa tlhaho oa phoofolo, mekhoa ea hibernation ke ea tlhaho, kahoo o lokela ho itokisetsa hore phoofolo ea lapeng e bohlasoa le eona e tla kena hibernation nakong ea mariha. joalo ka li-hedgehogs tse lulang maemong a tlhaho.

Ho pholosa hibernation ka katleho, hedgehog e hloka ho feptjoa haholo ka hoetla e le hore e ka bokella mehloli e hlokahalang ea mafura. Ka Pulungoana, u tla hlokomela hore na hedgehog e fetoha lefu le bolaeang joang, 'me ekare ke ka lebaka la ho fifala, ha e le hantle sena ke qalo ea hibernation. Kaha nakong ea tlhaho li-hedgehogs mariha a tsona, li-hedgehog tsa lapeng le tsona li hloka ho theha maemo a haufi le a tlhaho. Ho etsa sena, ho beha sebaka se ipatileng kae kae ka loggia kapa kamore ea marulelo, ho bohlokoa hore mocheso moo o se ke oa feta 5 degrees C. Mme o thehe mofuta oa sehlaha, beha makhasi, makhasi a omeletseng, sawdust, rags, ebe hedgehog e robala.

Haeba u na le hedgehog e nyane ea Afrika, ha ua lokela ho tšoenyeha ka hibernation, hobane mofuta ona oa hedgehogs ha o oele hibernation ea mariha, ka lebaka la khaello ea mariha libakeng tsa eona.

Lintlha tse khahlang ka li-hedgehogs

• Baroma ba mehleng ea khale ba fumane li-hedgehogs li na le thuso, ba sebelisa matlalo a bona a bofubelu ho kopanya linku.
• Li-Serbs li na le mokhoa o sa tloaelehang oa ho phekola bokhoba ba tahi, ho khaotsa mokhoa ona o senyang oo ba o noang ... urdgehog urine. 'Me pelo ea phoofolo e sebelisoa e le talisman e sirelletsang khahlanong le mafu.
• Li-gypsies li ja li-hedgehogs ho hang, 'me hedgehog e halikiloeng ke sejana sa bona seo ba se ratang haholo.
• Lilemong tsa 60 tsa lekholo la mashome a mabeli la lilemo, li-hedgehogs tse ngata li ile tsa hlokahala ka lebaka la phoso ea McDonalds. Lebaka la sena e ne e le linoelo tsa li-ice cream tsa McFlurry. Ha ba kene ka har'a litšila, ba ile ba hohela litsebi tse ntle tsa toropo. Qalong ba ile ba nyeka masala a ice cream ka thabo, ba inamisa lihlooho tsa bona ka khalase, empa ba ne ba se ba sa khone ho e ntša ka lebaka la bomenemene bo boholo ba likhalase. Ba ile ba shoa, ba patiloe ka likhalase. Ka lebaka la boipelaetso bo boholo ba boemeli ba liphoofolo, McDonalds o ile a qobelloa ho khutlisetsa sebopeho sa likhalase mme li-hedgehogs li khaotse ho shoa.

Li-hedgehogs li ja eng naheng?

Hedgehog ke omnivore. Lijo tsa eona li entsoe haholo ke likokoanyana, lits'oants'o tsa likhohola, likhoho, maraba, litoeba, litoeba tsa masimong. Ka linako tse ling e ka ja amphibian kapa reptile. Ntle le moo, li-hedgehogs ha li hanane le ho kuta lijo tsa semela: litholoana, monokotsoai, li-acorn. Haeba u lehlohonolo, hedgehog e tla thabela mahe le matsuane a linonyana tse nyane tse lutseng fatše ka thabo.

Li-Hedgehogs li na le pono e tlase. Ha ba sebelisana le lefatše le ka ntle, ba itšetleha haholo ka monko le kutlo. Hedgehog ea eared e na le tlhokomelo e ikhethang ho kutlo: e bona melumo e phahameng haholo ho fihlela ho 45 kHz, athe motho o utloa feela ho fihlela ho 18-20 kHz. Karolo ena e thusa li-hedgehogs ho fumana li-invertebrates tse ka tlas'a lefatše.

Hlokomela!

Ba batona ba bitselitsoe ho sireletsa libaka tsa bona mme hangata ba bonts'a ntoa e mong ho e mong. Boemo bo sa rateheng ba leholimo, mollo oa meru le ho haella ha lijo li etsa hore liphoofolo li lule haufi le libaka tsa bolulo, haufi le batho.

Hedgehogs le linoha

Batho ba bangata ba utloile ka thepa e makatsang ea li-hedgehogs - ho hanyetsa chefo ea noha. Leha ho le joalo, bokhoni bona, ho fapana le mongooses, ha bo felle (li-hedgehogs li mpa li loantšoa le chefo) mme li fapana hara batho ba fapaneng.Ntho ea antihemorrhagic erinacin, protheine e hlahisoang ke mesifa ea phoofolo, e sireletsa khahlanong le chefo ea li-hedgehogs. Ntho ena e kena-kenana le mosebetsi oa hemorrhagic le proteinolytic tsa chefo. Erinatsin, e kopantsoe le sekhurumetso sa nale e sirelletsang, e lumella li-hedgehogs ho hlasela linoha le ho li ja ha ntoa e atleha, empa hangata ha ho etsahale joalo.

Lehae la Hedgehog

Hedgehogs ke liphoofolo tsa bosiu le motšehare li ikutloa li phuthulohile ka monya. Ba hlophisa lihlaha tlas'a methapo ea lifate, ka shrubbery, grooves le mekotla ea liphoofolo tse ling tse lahliloeng.

Bolulo ba hedgehog bo boholo ka mokhoa o itekanetseng mme hangata ha bo fete lisentimitara tse 20. Li entsoe ka moss kapa makhasi a omileng. Mink ea hae, hedgehog ha e lule fatše bosiu feela, empa e hloekisa le linale 'me e nyekeloa ke mala le mala.

Tlhaloso le Litšobotsi

Hedgehog e ntle ke tšobotsi e tsejoang ke bana ho tloha matsatsing a pele. Ke mohale oa lipale tsa setso le lipopae. Motho e mong le e mong oa tseba hore na liphoofolo tsena li shebahala joang. Sebopuoa sena se nyane ka boholo bo nang le 'mele o bonolo, mahlo a manyane, nko e telele le marapo a manyane.

Empa tšobotsi e makatsang le e ikhethang ka sebopeho sa hae ke methapo e tlase e koahelang 'mele o kaholimo. Li-needle tse joalo li na le serethe se sootho, se sootho kapa se bokhubung, moo mebala ena e kenelletseng libakeng tse bobebe. Sena sohle se ka bonoa setšoantšong sa hedgehog.

Setsebi sa baeloji se tla eketsa tlhalosong ena hore baemeli bana ba limela ke liphoofolo tse anyesang tse khethiloeng e le li-hedgehogs. Bolelele ba 'mele ba libopuoa tse joalo bo fapana haholo ho tloha ho bo nyane haholo - ha bo sa feteng 10 cm, bo fihla hoo e ka bang halofo ea mithara.

Ka karolelano, boima ba hedgehog bo ka ba kilogramu, empa ha e le hantle boima, joalo ka boholo, bo itšetlehile ka mefuta le bong, ho sa thoe letho ka lilemo tsa libopuoa tse joalo. E ka ba li-kilogram tse 300 g le ngoe le halofo. Liphoofolo tsena li na le mohatla. E ka fapana hape: e khuts'oane haholo ka boholo, hape e hola halelele ho feta 20 cm.

Kojoana ea sebopuoa sena e bolelele bo ka sebopeho sa mokokotlo, qetellong nko e kolobileng e hlahella. Meno a hedgehog a bohale, a manyane. Li-paws li na le tšobotsi e khahlisang: maoto a ka morao a maholo ka boholo ho feta pele. E 'ngoe le e' ngoe ea li-paws e na le menoana e mehlano, athe menoana e bohareng e telele ho feta e meng 'me e loketse ho hloekisoa linale tsa hedgehogseo libopuoa tsena li atisang ho se etsa, li sebelisa lisebelisoa tse joalo.

Meutloa ka boeona ha e na letho ka hare 'meleng oa liphoofolo e kenelletse ka hare, e tšesaane ebile e sa bonahale moriri. Palo ea li-needle e ka fihla ho likete tse 10. Mpa le hlooho ea libopuoa tsena le tsona li apesitsoe ka boea. Mmala oa boea o ka fetoha o bobebe ka ho felletseng, o lehlabathe kapa o fapaneng le lefifi.

Mefuta ea liphoofolo tse joalo e atoloha ho pholletsa le polanete eohle. Hangata li fumanoa Europe, le ho tloha Lihlekehlekeng tsa Borithane ho ea fihla mehloling ea Siberia. Ba boetse ba phela Middle East, libakeng tse ngata tsa Asia, Afrika le New Zealand.

Ho boloka tlhaho

Lilemong tse mashome a mabeli tse fetileng, palo ea li-hedgehogs tse tloaelehileng e ntse e fokotseha haholo. Lebaka le ka sehloohong ke karohano ea libaka tsa bona tsa bolulo ka lebaka la ts'ebetso ea batho, e lebisang ho arohanngoeng ha lipalo tse kholo ho tse ngata tse nyane, tse sa amaneng. Ho ea ka liphuputso, baahi ba hedgehog ba lulang lik'hilomithara tse 15 feela ho tloha ho e mong, ba na le liphatsa tsa lefutso tse fapaneng, e bontsanang phapanyetsano e sa tloaelehang lipakeng tsa baahi.

Lebaka le leng la bohlokoa la ho nyamela ha li-hedgehogs ke lefu la bona le phahameng litseleng, moo leano le ts'ireletso le sebetsang hantle khahlanong le libatana li ba bolaeang tlasa mabili a makoloi.

Sebaka sa bolulo sa li-hedgehogs se lula se senngoa ke batho: liphoofolo li bolaoa ke lithethefatsi ho loantša likokoanyana, terata e lerootho, litšitiso, matlooa, tse sitisang motsamao oa tsona lirapeng.

Ho bohlokoa ho nahanoa: li-hedgehogs ke e 'ngoe ea liphoofolo tsa khale ka ho fetisisa lefatšeng, li pholohile lilemo tsa leqhoa, mme ho fokotseha ha lipalo tsa tsona ke letšoao le tšosang bakeng sa botho.

Mefuta ea li-hedgehogs

Ho na le mefuta e lekaneng ea li-hedgehogs. Ho na le ba ka bang 23 ba bona, mme ba arotsoe ka lihlopha tse 7 mme ba kopantsoe hore e be malapa a mabeli a manyane. Baemeli ba bona ha ba tšoane ka chebahalo ea bona le libakeng tseo ba lulang ho tsona. Leha ho le joalo, mefuta e mengata ea liphoofolo tse joalo e khetholloa ke mesifa e tsoetseng pele. Kameho ea ho fofonela le ho utloa li-hedgehogs e ntle haholo, empa pono e ke ke ea bitsoa e ntle.

Tloaelo e tloaelehileng ea hedgehog

Mefuta e atileng ka ho fetisisa le e khahlisang e hlahisoa ka tlase.

1. Tloaelo e tloaelehileng ea hedgehog e tsejoang hape e le European. Kontinenteng ena, liphoofolo tse joalo ha lia tloaeleha, empa li atile haholo libakeng tsa eona tse bohareng le tse bophirima, hammoho le Kazakhstan. Hangata li fumanoa Scandinavia le UK. Boholo ba 'mele oa libopuoa tsena bo ka ba 25 cm, boima ba tsona bo ka ba 800 800. Li-needle tsa mofuta oa Europe ho batho ba baholo li hola bolelele ba 3 cm.

Hoa hlokomeleha hore sekoaelo se meutloa joalo ka hedgehogs, joalo ka boea, le sona se tloaetse ho qhibiliha. Li-needle lia fetoha ha nako e ntse e tsamaea, butle butle li lekane. Ts'ebetso ena ea tlhaho e etsahala nako le nako ea selemo le selemo. Ebe karolo ea boraro ea sekoaelo se meutloa e nkeloa sebaka.

Sebakeng sa linale tsa khale, tse ncha li bonahala li hola li le boemong bo lekanang selemo. Mmala oa bona ke mishmash ea libaka tse lefifi, tse sootho le tse tšoeu. Motsoako, mpa le mpa ea liphoofolo li koahetsoe ka 'mala o mosehla kapa o mofubelu, ka linako tse ling o moriri o lefifi.

2. Hedgehog ea Europe Bochabela. Ho tsoa ka lebitso ka boeona ha ho thata ho utloisisa hore mofuta ona, joalo ka oa pele, ke moahi oa Europe. Leha ho le joalo, e atile haholo libakeng tse ka bochabela tsa k'honthinente. Mme sebaka sa eona se pharalletse ho fihlela ho Urals le Asia Minor. Baemeli ba mefuta e fapane hanyane ho feta ea pele: ba hola ka bolelele ba 35 cm mme ba boima ho feta kilogramu.

Hedgehog ea Europe Bochabela

3. Eketse hedgehog. Liphoofolo tse joalo ha li bapisoa le li-hedgehogs tse ling ha li kholo haholo mme hangata ha li fihle ho feta halofo ea kilogramu. Leha ho le joalo, litsebe tsa tsona li kholo ka mokhoa o sa lekanyetsoang - hoo e ka bang cm 3. 'Me mokhabiso o joalo ke lintlha tse hlakileng hloohong.

Li-hedgehogs tse joalo li lula libakeng tse futhumetseng tsa Eurasia, li lula hantle mahoatateng le moo ho omileng lithaba. Tšobotsi e ikhethang ea mofuta ona ke tloaelo ea ho ipata ho lira, e balehe ka potlako. Le ha mefuta e mengata ea li-hedgehogs hangata e ikopanya hore e be bolo e benyang 'me e kenelle ka mokhoa ona.

Eketse hedgehog

4. Nako e telele-nale ea hedgehog. Lebitso ka bolona le hasana ka mokhoa o hlakileng oa hore linale tsa li-hedgehogs tse telele ho feta tsa ba lelapa. Li fihla ka boholo ba 4 cm kapa ho feta. Ho feta moo, mebala ea bona e ka fapana haholo: ho tloha leseli le letšo ho ea ho le letšo, empa linale tse lefifi, joalo ka molao, li na le metheo e tšoeu.

Li-hedgehogs tsena li ne li boetse li reneketsoa ka lebaka la ho ba teng ha matheba a lefatla moqhaka oa hlooho. Li lula hangata har'a mafika a nang le majoe, li lula lithoteng, ka linako tse ling tse fumanehang lithoteng. Mefuta ea tsona e fetela Turkmenistan le Uzbekistan, hammoho le linaha tsa Gulf. Mefuta ea mofuta ona e nkuoa e le seoelo, joalo ka ha ho boletsoe Bukeng e Khubelu.

Nako e telele-nale ea hedgehog

5. Hedgehog ea Afrika - Mefuta ea tsona e khahlisa haholo. Liphoofolo tse joalo li na le litsebe tse potileng le mahlo a manyane, tse bolelele ba cm cm 2. Li lula linaheng tse fumanehang ka nqa ea lehoatata la Sahara. Libōpuoa tsena li tsebahala ka ho hlahisa melumo e khahlang. Ba tseba ho hooa le ho hoelehetsa, 'me ha ba tšaba, ba lla haholo.

Boholo ba ba batona - baemeli ba mofuta ona (hangata ba bonyane ho feta ba batšehali) ba ka ba bonyane joalo ka cm 15. Ke ka lebaka leo e nang le lebitso le le leng hape: pygmy hedgehog. Li-hedgehogs li ja eng? Baahi bana ba Maafrika ba ja liboko, likhoho, linoha, liphepheng, likokoanyana tse fapaneng le li-arachnids.

Hedgehog ea Afrika

6. Pina e tloaelehileng. Hedgehogs ea mefuta ena ke baahi ba meru ea tropike 'me e bontša mefuta e meng e meholo ea ur urin. Li hlile li shebahala joaloka likhoto. Ponahalo ea libopuoa tse joalo e khabisitsoe ka mohatla o molelele, o koahetsoeng ka sekale le moriri.

Mmala o tšoeu haholo, o tlatsitsoe ke libaka tse ntšo le tse khubelu. Lintho tsena tse bōpiloeng li ja litholoana tsa limela, li-invertebrates le li-crustaceans, ha li nyenyefatse lihlapi, lihoho le liphoofolo tse nyane. Boholo ba liphoofolo bo fapana haholo, empa batho ba baholo ka ho fetisisa ba khona ho hola ka 45 cm ka bolelele.

Hedgehog tloaelehileng

Nako ea mariha

Likhoeling tse batang, li-hedgehogs li ea hibernation. Pele e robala ka sekoting, phoofolo e fumana mokelikeli o sireletsang o ke keng oa e lumella hore e bipe serame. Mocheso oa 'mele oa bona o theohela ho li-degrees tsa 3-4,' me ho otla ha nako ea boroko bo tebileng ho fihlela ho beats tse 60 motsotso.

Haeba phoofolo e sitoa ho fumana bongata bo lekaneng ba mafura a tlotsitsoeng, a ke ke a phela mariha. Li-hedgehogs tsa letlalo le letlalo le tlala kapele li tsoha qalong ea selemo ebe hang-hang li ea batla likokoanyana.