India e nkoa e le e 'ngoe ea libaka tse fapaneng ka ho fetisisa lefatšeng. India ho na le lithota, lithaba, meru e chesang e mongobo le e futhumetseng, mekhoabo, masimo, makhulo le linoka hammoho le lihlekehleke tsa sehlekehleke.

Kenyelletso

Sebaka sa India ke karolo ea sebaka sa biogeographic sa Indomalayan, ntle le libaka tse phahameng tsa Himalayan tse sebakeng sa Palearctic. Mefuta e mengata ea liphoofolo e tloaelehile kapa e ts'oana le tse lulang Indochina le lihlekehlekeng tsa Great Sunda, ntle le taxa e ikhethang (mohlala, lelapa la linoha tse sirelelitsoeng ke thebe). Mesaletsa ea nako ea Cretaceous e bonts'a kamano ea malinyane a India le mefuta e lulang ho Seychelles le Madagascar. Ho Western Ghats, mefuta e phela Nasikabatrachus sahyadrensis. Ho arohana ha India le Madagascar ho etsahetse lilemong tse ka bang 88 limilione tse fetileng. India e ile ea sebetsa joalo ka sepalangoang se tlisitseng mefuta e meng ea Maafrika ho ea Eurasia, joalo ka malapa a 5 a lihoho, malapa a mararo a li-amphibians tse se nang maoto, le mokoka o le mong.

Karolo e ka tlase ho 5% ea sebaka sa India e phatlalalitsoe ka molao e le sebaka sa tlhaho se sirelelitsoeng.

India, ho na le liphoofolo tse kholo tse kang tau ea India, tlou ea India, likamore tsa India le nkoe ea Bengal. Ntle le moo, buffalo ea Asia, gaur, Nilgir tar, mefuta e 'maloa ea likhama - axis, zambar, barassinga, Mountzhak le tse ling, boar ea hlaha e tloaelehile har'a li-unulates, le lengau, bere e nang le matsoele a tšoeu (kapa bere ea Himalayan), seponche bere, malala ke tse ling tsa libatana. , civet, phiri ea india, liphokojoe tsa bengal, liphokojoe, mohloa o metsero le phiri e khubelu. Li-macaque, litšoene tse tšehali le mongoose, tseo hangata li lulang libakeng tse nang le batho, ka linako tse ling le libakeng tsa litoropo, li boetse li tsebahala India.

Flora ea India

Leha ho na le ts'ebetso e potlakileng ea motho, mefuta e fapaneng ea meru le lichaba tsa limela e se e le teng ka har'a naha:

• meru ea libaka tse chesang, e lulang e na pula (e tloaelehileng ho lihlekehleke tsa Andaman, Himalayas, Mizoram),
• meru e tlokomang, e lithaba (ho Western Ghats, haufi le lithaba tsa Nilgiri),
• meru ea tropike, e mongobo (e tloaelehileng naheng e ka boroa ea India)
• meru ea libaka tse chesang tse mongobo, tse makatsang (sebakeng sa Deccan Plateau, haufi le Lithaba tsa Sivalik),
• savannahs (Punjab plain, in Rajasthan),
• lehoatata la lefeella (karolo e ka bophirima ea Rajasthan),
• Meru ea mangrove (Ganges, Mahanadi le linōka tse ling).

Phetoho ea mefuta ea tlholeho lithoteng e tsamaellana le sebaka se emeng ka nqane ho Himalaya: ho tloha ho lihlopha tsa limela tse libakeng tse chesang tse tlase mosikong oa lithaba ho ea lithabeng le lithabeng tsa leqhoa.

Baemeli ba limela tse fetang 7% tsa limela li ka fumanoa India. Meru ea lipula, lifate tsa jat le grease (ho fihlela ho 37 m tse phahameng), sissa (dalbergia) le teak lia hola. Libakeng tse phahameng ho na le meru ea lime, ka sehlabeng sa Deccan le ka boroa ho naha ho na le lifate tsa palema tse fapaneng (mefuta e fetang 20).

Meru e libakeng tse ka leboea tsa naha e kenyelletsa alder e ntso, laurel, birch, 'mapa, coniferous, juniper, esita le birch, kedare le spruce - libakeng tse phahameng. Sandalwood le Myrobalan ba hola Karnataka. Haufi le lehoatata la Thar le Ghats Bophirimela ho na le meru e meholo ea lehlohlo la acacia, ho tloha moo lesela le lokiselitsoeng liaparo tsa baitlami ba Mabuddha. Naheng ea Kashmir, sefate se ka sehloohong ke kedare ea Himalaya.

Ho sebelisoa limela tse ka bang 3,000 India ho tsa bongaka le litloaelong tsa moea. Hein resin e lokiselitsoe ho tloha pine e telele e tlisoang ke linaha libakeng tse bophirima tsa naha. Nimes (Indian Azadirahta) e bitsoa "pharmacy ea motsaneng" le "Sefate sa bomolimo", ba sebelisa likarolo tsohle tsa eona ho lokisa lipitsa tse ngata tsa Ayurvedic.

Sefate sa banyan se bitsoa "moru oa sefate." Letlobo le lecha le hola ho tloha kutu e kholo ea sefate sa banyan - metso ea sefofane, ho fihla mobung, ea mela, ea eba le mafura, ea qala letlobo le lecha le joalo ka tumello ea nako le sebaka. Sefate se seng sa khale sa banyan India se hola lilemo tse ka bang likete tse 3 'me se na le likutu tse kholo tse fetang 3,000, bolelele ba tsona e le limithara tse fetang 60.

Fauna ea India

Lefatše la liphoofolo la India le na le mefuta e fokolang ho feta ea limela, empa e khahla haholoanyane. Ho pholletsa le sebaka sena, le ha e le ka bongata, ho na le litlou tsa India le likatse tsa borena tsa Bengal. Libaka tse ka sehloohong tsa litlou ke meru ea Beng ba West, Orissa, Uttar Pradesh. Khomo e ka tlung ke Maindia e hlomphuoa joalo ka phoofolo e halalelang.

Himalaya ea e-ba lehae la libere tsa Himalaya tse ntšo le tse sootho, lengau lehloa (leopards ea lehloa), Pallas - katse e hlaha, lengau, Tibetan lynx. Libaka tse ka leboea-bochabela tsa naha li na le liphoofolo tse ngata tse sa tloaelehang: ho na le lori e teteaneng, li-langurs tsa khauta, likatse tsa temminka, Hulok gibbons - anthropoids, leopards tse tsubang, likolobe tsa likolobe, li-binturong.

India e fetohile sebaka feela sa mofuta oa likhama tsa hare. Mehlape e mengata ea mefuta e meng, hammoho le lipōli, antelope, e fumaneha merung le merabeng ea eona. Lithabeng tsa Nilgiri, libakeng tsa bona tse sa fihleheng, ba kopana le leetong le hlaha - Gaura - e leng kholo ka ho fetisisa naheng.

Mefuta e 216 ea linoha e ajoa hohle naheng, karolo ea bone ea eona e chefo. Kholo e kholo ka ho fetisisa ho tsejoang ke chefo ke king cobra: bolelele ba eona e fihla ho 5 m, mme ho loma ho ka bolaea tlou. Likoena tsa Magera li lula matlong a metsi a hloekileng, likoena tse koahetsoeng ke lifate tsa mangrove, Ganges le liketane - sebaka sa likoena tse gavial.

Ka morung oa Girsky (Kathivar peninsula), mohlape o monyane oa tau ea Asia (girsky) o bolokiloe. Tšimong ea serapa sa naha sa Kazirang (Haholo-holo) ho na le bo-'malitšibana ba India.

Bakeng sa ho boloka lefatše le ikhethang la limela le liphoofolo, India e thehile libaka tse fetang 500 (tse 23 tsa tsona li-tiger), libaka tse 13 tsa polokeho ea lihloliloeng, le libaka tsa boikhathollo tse 23 tsa naha.

1. Tšoene e senang nama

Na ha a shebahale hantle? E ne ekare o entse ts'ebetso e 'maloa le ngaka e buoang e ntle ea polasetiki.

Ka tsela, mofuta ona oa li-macaque o bitsoa Rokselanov rinopithecus, ea bitsoang ka mor'a mosali oa Sultiman oa Sultiman oa Magnificent Roksolana. E phatlalalitsoe karolong e ka boroa ea Chaena, lipapatso tse 'maloa li lula India ka boroa-bochabela. E thathamisitsoe ho International Red Book e le mefuta e kotsing ea ho phela.

Ha e kholo haholo, e ka tlase ho mita ka bolelele le ho fihlela ho 15 kg ka boima. Nko ea tsona e lerootho, kapa ho e-na le hoo, ho ba sieo ha eona, ha e ba lumelle ho phela sebakeng se futhumetseng se mongobo, ka hona, ha nako ea lipula e tloha, ba phahama Himalaya, moo ho nang le letsatsi lehloa le moea o mocha.

Feela lebala ho etsa meno :)

2. Panda e nyane

Ke toro feela - bere e nang le boholo ba katse! Ho thata ho fumana phoofolo e etsisang haholoanyane lefatšeng.

Chaena le India, liphoofolo tsena li ntse li tsebahala ho tloha mehleng ea khale, empa setsebi sa baeloji sa Europe, Thomas Harding, se li fumane lekholong la bo19 la lilemo. Ha a bona motho ea monyane a eme, o ile a hooa a re, “Khele!” Joale e se e bitsoa - panda wa.

Ka kakaretso, ka litšobotsi tsa 'mele ho hlakile: boima ba kakaretso ke li-6 kg, bolelele bo fihla ho cm 70. Empa sena ke bere. Hoa makatsa hore panda e nyane e khethiloe ke bo-ramahlale e le libatana, leha e sa je nama bophelong - ke feela lehlaka la bamboo, litholoana le joang. Li lula, ka ho fapana, merung ea bamboo haufi le matangoana a bochabela ho India le ka boroa ho China.

3. Gavial

Mokotla oa khale ka ho fetisisa lefatšeng, o lula feela metsing a Ganges. E fepa ka lihlapi; e fapana le likoena tse ling ka hore e phela ka khutso tlas'a metsi, e phalla ka oksijene hang ka letsatsi.

Empa ka nako e ts'oanang, boholo ba eona bo batla bo ts'oana le mokokotlo oa Nile - ho fihlela ho bolelele ba limithara tse 6! Meroalo ea eona e mosesaane makhetlo a 5 ho feta likoena tse tloaelehileng, empa e na le meno a bohale a fetang lekholo. Sena se bakoa ke ho khetheha hoa lihlapi. Ha a hlasele batho, o itšireletsa feela.

Setereke sa Kaluga, Setereke sa Borovsky, Motse oa Petrovo

Letsatsi le leng le le leng, mamati a Setsi sa Cultural of India a buloa bakeng sa baeti ba ethnographic park-museum "ETNOMIR". Maeto a khahlisang le mananeo a phomolo a tla u lumella ho nka leeto le thabisang ho pholletsa le linaha tsa India, ithuta ka litloaelo tsa malapa, leruo le limakatso tse ngata, kenella mesebetsing ea matsoho le ho nka sehopotso se entsoeng ke uena ho se seng sa liboka.

Ntlo ea India e na le lipontšo tse fetang 3,000 tse tlisitsoeng libakeng tse fapaneng tsa India. U tla bona lipapatso tse betliloeng, mabili a bilikang le mabanta, limaske tsa mapolanka tsa batšoantšisi ba lipopae, lipopae tsa setso tsa Kathputli, liaparo tsa India - saris, dhoti, sarong - le tse ling tse ngata.

Re u emetse ka pale e monate ea botle bo hlollang e bitsoang Setsi sa Tloaelo ea India ho ETNOMIR!

Mefuta-futa ea limela

• Mefuta e ka bang 2546 ea litlhapi (hoo e ka bang 11% ea lefatše ichthyofauna) e fumanoe metsing a India.
• Sehlopha sa Amphibian se emeloa ke mefuta ea 197 (4,4% ea meea ea lefats'e) e nang le boemo bo phahameng ba endemism.
• Sehlopha sa Reptile naheng ea India se na le mefuta e fetang 408 (6% ea meea ea lefats'e).
• Sehlopha sa linonyana se emeloa ke mefuta e ka bang 1250 (hoo e ka bang 12% ea avifauna ea lefatše).
• Sehlopha sa Mamelamane India se na le mefuta e fetang 410 (e ka bang 8,86% ea meea ea lefatše.

Palo ea mefuta

Ka tlase ke palo ea mefuta e fumanoeng India bakeng sa lihlopha tse fapaneng tsa invertebrates le vertebrates ho latela Alfred, 1998.

Ts'ireletso le papatso

Ho tloha ka Pulungoana ea 2008, India e na le lirapa tsa naha tse 92, libaka tsa tlhaho tsa 355 (libaka tsa Senyesemane tsa liphoofolo tse hlaha) hammoho le libaka tsa poloko tsa mefuta e meng. Har'a liratsoana tse tsebahalang tsa naha tse fanang ka monyetla oa ho tloaelana le liphoofolo tsa India tikolohong ea tlhaho - Corbett, Bandhavgarh, Mudumalai, Sasan-Gir, Kaziranga, Kanha, Keoladeo, Sundarban, Eravikulam.

Squirrel se seholo sa India

India ke lehae la squirrel se seholo sa India (Ratufa indica) Ke mofuta oa limela tse anyesang le tse tlotsang limela. Ha e le molao, liprotheine tse kholo ke liphoofolo tse itšehlang thajana tse sebetsanang le tsona feela nakong ea nako ea pelehi. Li lula merung e lulang e mongobo ea India, e tsoakiloeng le e tsoakiloeng. Ka 1984, Bhimashankar Wildlife Sangment e thehiloe ka sepheo sa mantlha sa ho sireletsa tikoloho ea liphoofolo tsena. Sehalalelo se sebakeng sa Pune, India.

Malabar ringed parrot

Malabar ringed parrot (Psittacula columboides) e felile ho Western Ghats of India. Parrot e na le 'mala o moputsoa ka' mala o moputsoa le 'mala o moputsoa le' mala oa mosehla. Tse tšehali li na le molomo o motšo, 'me tse tona li na le molomo o khubelu. Molala o motšo oa ba batona ka tlase o tlatsana le mola o motala-botala, athe e tšehali e na le molala o motšo feela. Sephooko sa Malabar se rata ho phela merifong ea lifate, haholo-holo tse bopang linonyana le linonyana tse ling. Lipapakhaee ka linako tse ling li rekisoa e le liphoofolo tsa lapeng, leha khoebo e joalo e se molaong India.

Tage ea Nilgirian

Mefuta ea liphoofolo tse kotsing ea ho fela le lefu la seoa, Nilgirian tar (Nilgiritragus hylocrius) e ajoa maralleng a Nilgiri ho Western Ghats, e libakeng tsa India tsa Kerala le Tamil Nadu. Targ ea Nilgirian ke poli e nonneng, moemeli oa lelapa la bovine. Liphoofolong tsena, liphoofolo li bonoa ha tse tona li le kholo li bile li na le 'mala o lefifi ho fapana le tse tšehali.

Lisebelisoa tsa Nilgirian li khetha mahlakore a lithaba a Western Ghats ka bophahamo ba limithara tse 1200 ho isa ho tse 3000. Ho tsoma le ho ts'oasa liphoofolo ho fokolitse palo ea mefuta ena. Bongata bo boholo ba lipakete tsa Nilgirian bo ka bonoa Eravikulam National Park seterekeng sa India sa Kerala. Batho ba fetang 800 ba mefuta ena ba ne ba le teng serapeng sena ho latela palo ea batho ea 2014.

Mohloekisi o moholo oa India

Indian Great Bustard (Ardeotis nigriceps) ke nonyana e kholo eo hangata ponahalo ea eona e bapisoang le mohloa. Ena ke e 'ngoe ea linonyana tse boima haholo ho fofa tse tloaelehileng leboea-bophirima ho India le Pakistan. Nonyana ena e hlolla ebile lijo tsa eona li kenyelletsa likarolo tsa limela le likokoanyana ka bobeli. Great bustard e lula libakeng tse bulehileng tse nang le lihlahla, hammoho le makhulong a lehloa le a letsoatlare. Ka 2013, mmuso oa India o ile oa qala morero o moholo oa Indian Indian Bustard ho potlakisa ts'ireletso ea mofuta ona o kotsing ea ho fela. Ka 1979, ho ile ha theoa sehalalelo Solapur, Maharashtra, ho fana ka bolulo bakeng sa nonyana ena.

Mammals

Khomo

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Tlou ea India

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Nkoe ea Bengal

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Kamele

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Hood Gulman

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Levinohovsky macaque

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Kolobe

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Tau ea Asia

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Mongoose

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Tekanyo e tloaelehileng

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Squirrel sa India se fofang

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Little panda

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Ntja e tloaelehileng

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Phiri e khubelu

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Asiaatic wolf

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Gaur

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Squirrel se seholo

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Turu ea tlhaho ea Nilgirian

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Borena ba India

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Bjoko bo tloaelehileng

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Buffalo ea metsi

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Leopard

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Indian antelope (garn)

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Indian fox

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Antelope ea India

Indian antelope (Antilope cervicapra), e tsejoang hamolemo e le garn, e hlahetse India le Nepal. Bophahamo ha bo omella bo tloha ho 74 ho isa ho 84 cm, mme boima bo ka ba 20-57 kg. Tse tona li na le linaka tse telele tsa selemo, mokokotlo o lefifi ka morao, 'me mpa ea tsona, sefuba le lehlakore le kahare la maoto le bobebe. Ho tse tšehali, ho fapana le 'mala o moputsoa o lefifi, ho hlahisoa bofubelu bo bobebe,' me linaka le tsona lia hola. Tsena ke diurnal le herbivores. Ba lula lithoteng tse nang le joang le merung e sa tloaelehang. Hajoale, garn e khetholloa ke IUCN e le liphoofolo tse haufi le maemo a tlokotsing.

Leha baahi ba India le Nepal ba sireletsa sebopeho sena ka lebaka la bohlokoa ba bona ba bolumeli, ho tsoma ha Borithane nakong e fetileng le masholu a marang-rang ho fokolitse palo ea batho ba mofuta ona. Molao oa India o thibela ka botlalo ho tsoma li-antelope tsa India. Liphoofolo tsena li ka bonoa lirapeng tsa boikhathollo tse fapaneng tsa naha, ho kenyeletsoa Sasan-gir National Park (Gujarat), Velavadar National Park (Gujarat), Ranthambore National Park (Rajasthan) le tse ling.

Linonyana

Vict ea India

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Peacock ea India

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Paraka ea Malabar

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Khokahano e kholo

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Letata le letsang mololi

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Kettlebell (Cotton Dwarf Goose)

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Grebe

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Peacock ea India

E tsebahala ka manala a eona a phatsimang le ponahalo e khahlang, Indian Peacock (Pavo cristatus), kapa ho fapana, e motona oa mofuta ona ke nonyana ea naha ea India. Tse tona tsa peacock li mebala e khanyang ho feta tse tšehali, 'me li tumme ka “metjeko ea tsona e metle”. Peacock ea India e ajoa ho pholletsa le naha, moo e sirelelitsoeng ho tsoma ho latela molao. Mokhosi oa linonyana tse phahameng merung ea India hangata o tšoaea boteng ba sebatana (joalo ka nkoe).

Likokoanyana

Hornet

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Sefefo se khubelu

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Ho na le scorpion e ntšo

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Phokojoe ea metsi

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Hood Gulman

Hood Gulman, kapa mmele o mosesane oa Nilgirian (Trachypithecus johnii) ke mofuta oa MaIndia oa koluoa ​​o lulang Lithabeng tsa Nilgiri ka boroa ho India libakeng tsa India libakeng tsa India tsa Karnataka, Tamil Nadu le Kerala. Moriri o moputsoa o motšo o koahela 'mele oa gulmn, hape le moriri o moputsoa oa' mala oa khauta o hola hloohong ea phoofolo. Hood gulman e phela ka lihlopha tsa litšoene tse 9-10 mme e ja litholoana, makhasi, letlobo le likarolo tse ling tsa limela. Ho senngoa ha meru le ho ba le mapolanka (e le ho fumana nama le boea) ho fokolitse karolo e kholo ea baahi ba mofuta ona, 'me ka lebaka leo, ba hlaseleha habonolo, ho latela IUCN.

Liphoofolo le linoha

Gavial ea Ghana

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Mokotla o mosesane

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Indian cobra

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Indian krait

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Russell Viper

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Indian cobra

Cobra ea India kapa e makatsang (Naja naja) ke e 'ngoe ea linoha tse nang le chefo ho fetisisa India,' me e ikarabella bakeng sa palo e kholo ea likotsi tse bolaeang naheng. Mofuta ona o atile ho pholletsa le sebaka se ka tlase sa India, ntle le libaka tse phahameng tse phahameng tse fetang limithara tse 600 le lehoatata. Cobra e khahlehang e boetse e fumaneha libakeng tse nang le batho ba bangata haholo, moo e hoheloang ke litoeba le litoeba tse lulang malapeng a batho.Noha ena e hlahisa chefo e matla e ferekanyang mesifa, 'me ho litekanyetso tse bolaeang e baka ho tšoaroa ha pelo kapa ho se khone ho hema.

Vanderu

E tsejoang hape ka hore ke Simba-fly Macaque (Macaca silenus) ke mofuta oa koluoa ​​ho Gats Bophirimela ea India e ka boroa. Vanderu o na le moriri o moputsoa 'meleng le sefahlehong,' me a na le mohloa o sesoeu hloohong. Qetellong ea mohatla ho na le mokotla o motšo o tšoanang le mohatla oa tau, ka hona lebitso la mala-tailed macaque.

Liphoofolo tsena li khona ho phela ho fihlela lilemo tse 20 naheng. Vanderu e lula merung ea tropike e lulang e chesang e mongobo 'me ke nako ea motšehare, e mefuta-futa ea monkey le e sa tloaelehang. Ke batho ba ka bang 3000-3500 feela ba li-macaque tse nang le moriri o moholo tse setseng naheng ea India ea Kerala. Tahlehelo ea lisebelisoa tsa moru ka lebaka la nts'etsopele ea masimong a maholo a temo e fokolitse baahi ba Vanderu, kaha liphoofolo tsena li lula lifateng.

Ganges dolphin

Likoporasi tse peli tse setseng tsa dolphin ea Ghana, kapa noka ea noka ea Asia Boroa (Platanista gangetica) kenyeletsa: Ganges river dolphin (Platanista gangetica gangetica) le dolphin ea noka ea Indus (Platanista gangetica monyane) Meetso ea pele e tloaelehile linōkeng tsa Ganges-Brahmaputra-Meghna le Karnoloa-Sangu e Bangladesh le India, leha e ne e le khale sebaka sa eona se ne se atolohetse Nepal. Baahi ba fokolang ba ka fumanoa Nokeng ea Ghaghara mohlomong le Nokeng ea Kosi. Boholo ba batho ba subspecies ea bobeli (P. g. Nyane) e ajoa pakeng tsa matamo a Sukkur le Guddu a Sindh, Pakistan.

Li-dolphin, ho ea ka IUCN, li khetholloa ka hore li kotsing. Tšilafalo ea linoka, ho phalla ha linōka, ho tsoma le ho tsoma, le lefu ka lebaka la litlhapi ke mabaka a mantlha a ho fokotseha ha palo ea mefuta ena. Mmuso oa India o etsa boiteko bo bongata ba ho pholosa dolphin ea Ghana, ho kenyelletsa le ho khetha mofuta ona e le phoofolo ea naha ea metsing.

Ganges Gavial

Ganges Gavial (Gavialis gangeticus), ke mofuta oa tlhaho oa likoena bakeng sa subcontinent ea India. Ena ke mofuta o kotsi haholo, 'me ke batho ba pholohang ba ka bang 200 feela ba setseng naheng. Sebata sena se nkoa e le se seng sa lihahabi tse telele ka ho fetisisa ebile se ka fihla ho 5,5 metres. Litlhapi ke tsona lijo tse ka sehloohong tsa Gangan gavial, le meno a 110 a bohale, mozzle o molelele o tšekaletseng hantle bakeng sa ho tšoasa le ho o sebelisa.

Hang ha ba ne ba pharalletse ho tloha Nokeng ea Irrawaddy ka bochabela ho ea Indus bophirima, empa sebaka sa bolulo se theohetse ho 2% ho tloha mokheng o fetileng. Tahlehelo ea libaka tsa bolulo, tšilafalo e phahameng le chefo ea metsi, ho tšoasa litlhapi tse ngata haholo tse likoena li ja mabaka a mantlha a ho fokotsa liphoofolo tsena. Ho latela IUCN, gavials ea Gangan e mothating oa ho fela.

Gubach

Gubach (Melursus ursinus) ke mofuta oa bo-maleshoane oa bosiu, o sa sireletseheng o hlahang sebakeng se ka tlasa India. Bere ena e ja likokoanyana, mahe a linotsi le litholoana. E na le likhopo le melomo e melelele ka ho khethehileng e thusang ho cheka lihlaha le ho fumana likokoanyana. Li-gubach li na le boea bo bolelele bo bo bobebe ebile li na le moholi ho pota-pota lifahleho tsa bona.

Libere li ka hlasela batho ha ba ikutloa ba sokeloa kapa ba lelera libakeng tsa batho ho ea batla lijo. Hona joale li-Gubach li khetholloa e le batho ba tlokotsing hobane palo ea bona e ntse e fokotseha ka potlako ka lebaka la tahlehelo ea sebaka sa bolulo le ho tsoma. Li sirelelitsoe ke molao, 'me ho thehiloe matlo a bolulo India ho boloka mefuta e tsitsitseng ea mofuta ona.

Mokotla o mosesane

E boetse e bitsoa mage (Crocodylus palustris), koena ena e hasoa hohle sebakeng sa India sa subcontinent. E lula matangoaneng, matšeng, mekhoabong le linōkeng tse khutsitseng. Tse tona li kholo ho feta tse tšehali 'me li na le sejo se seholo ho feta mefuta eohle e ntseng e phela ea koena. Lihahabi tsena li kaholimo ho mokotla oa lijo mme li ja linonyana, lihahabi, litlhapi le liphoofolo tse anyesang. Likhalase tsa mokhoabo li boholo bo lekaneng 'me li ka beha bophelo ba motho kotsing. Tahlehelo ea Habitat, ho tsoma, le ho hlekefetsoa ha batho li beha kotsing ea ho pholoha ha mofuta ona, o khethiloeng e le tlokotsing, ho latela IUCN.

Leopard ea India

Leopard ea India (Panthera pardus fusca) ke sebatana se potlakileng le se sehlōhō se hasoang hohle sebakeng se secha sa India. Liphoofolo tsena ha li robale bosiu, li lula li le mong ebile li le bonolo ka tlhaho. Tsena ke liserekisi tse matla, ba hloang mekoallo le limathi. Phuputso e entsoeng naheng ka bophara ka 2014, ntle le karolo e ka leboea-bochabela ea India, e bonts'itse hore batho ba 7,910 ba li-subspeces tsena ba lula libakeng tse fumanoeng.

Palo ea 'nete e ka tloha ho 12,000 ho ea ho batho ba 14,000. Kajeno, lengau la India le thathamisitsoe ke IUCN e le "mofuta o hlaselehang habonolo." Tahlehelo ea bolulo, khoebo e seng molaong likarolo tsa 'mele le letlalo la lengau, le mahloriso nakong ea likhohlano tsa batho ke tse ling tsa lisosa tse kholo tsa ho nyamela ha likatse tsena tse kholo sebakeng se ka tlase.

Borena ba India

Bukana ea IndiaRhinoceros unicornis) ke o mong oa mefuta ea sehlotšoana sa liphoofolo tse hlaha tsa India. Rhinos, e neng e kile ea fumanoa phuleng eohle ea Indo-Gangetic e karolong e ka leboea ea India, ha joale e lahlehile haholo libaka tsa bolulo ka lebaka la ho rengoa ha meru le ho phatloha ho hoholo. Tlhokahalo ea lenaka la bokhutšoaane bakeng sa ho lokisa meriana ea setso ea Chaena le eona e lebisitse lefung la batho ba likete lilemong tse mashome tse fetileng. Ho ea ka IUCN, borikhoe ba India bo khetholloa e le mofuta o hlaselehang habonolo. Liphoofolo tsena li lula merung le merung ea Amerika Leboea, Bhutan le Nepal.

Tau ea Asia

Asiaatic Simba or Indian LionPanthera leo persica) ke e 'ngoe ea liforomo tse kholo ka ho fetisisa tse fumanoeng India. Leha tau ea Asia pele e ne e haola libakeng tse kholo tsa Europe le Asia, kajeno liphoofotsoana tsena tsa naha li fumaneha Holong ea Sechaba ea Gir e Gujarat, India. Tau ea Asia e fapana le ea Moafrika ka hore e na le mohoma o tsoetseng pele le mohatla o moholo ho feta. Palo ea sechaba ea 2015 e bontšitse hore palo ea litau tsa Asia e eketsehile haholo. Ho hakantsoe hore batho ba 523 ba ahile sebakeng sa 20,000 km².

Tlou ea India

Ho etela merung ea India ho ke ke ha phethela haeba u sa bone litlou tse hlomphuoang ka ho fetisisa, tse ikhethang sechabeng le tse bohlaleLetšoao la Elephas maximus) Litlou tsa India li lula merung e lulang e le metala le e lulang e le metala, e na le meru e mongobo e omeletseng le e bataletseng. Litlou li ja limela tse ka bang li-kilogramu tse 150 ka letsatsi.

Batho ha baa tlohela mofuta ona oa liphoofolo ba le bang mme palo ea tlou ea India e fokotsehile ka bonyane 50% melokong e meraro e fetileng. Sena se ile sa lebisa phoofolo kotsing ea ho timela, ho latela IUCN. Tahlehelo ea sebaka sa bolulo, masholu a manaka a litlou, likotsi tsa sephethe-phethe, tšenyo ea libaka le tlhekefetso ea batho li lebisitse ho theoheng ha lipalo tsa linatla tsena ka potlako. Hajoale ba sirelelitsoe ke molao oa India, mme mofuta ofe kapa ofe oa likotsi tse entsoeng ho litlou tsena o tlosoa ka qoso le tlolo ea molao.

Nkoe ea Bengal

Phoofolo ea naha ea India le Bangladesh, tiger ea Bengal (Panthera tigris tigris) ke boikhohomoso ba meru ea India. Nkoe ea Bengal e tsejoa lefatšeng ka bophara ka ponahalo ea eona e ntle, boiphihlelo bo botle ba ho li ja le bohlokoa ba ho e boloka. Ho sireletsa nkoe ea Bengal ho lekana le ho boloka tikoloho eohle ea moru moo nkoe e lulang teng. Nkoe ea Bengal e mothating oa ho timela, 'me ka 2010, ho ne ho lumeloa hore ke ba 1,411 feela ba setseng.

Ntlheng ena, mmuso oa India, mekhatlo ea naha le ea machabeng ea tikoloho le mekhatlo ea tikoloho ea India e ile ea kopana ho tla rera merero ea ho boloka likokoanyana. Litaba tse monate li ile tsa tla ka 2014, ha palo ea linkoe ​​tsa Bengal e batla e imenne habeli ho batho ba 2 226. Leha ho le joalo, lits'oso ho mefuta ea limela li ntse li tsoela pele ho ba teng hona joale, le hore palo ea linkoe ​​tsa Bengal e eketsehe ka sekhahla lilemong tse mashome tse tlang, tlhokomelo e khethehileng le taolo li tlameha ho sebelisoa.

Boikutlo ba khomo naheng ea India

Batho ba Maindia ba hlokolosi haholo ho ea likhomo. Oa tsotelloa liphoofolo tse halalelang ho India. Ba mo tlotla joalo ka 'Mè, eo, hammoho le lebese la hae, a fanang ka Bophelo ho bohle ba phelang Lefatšeng lena. Ka hona, e amoheloa e le setho se felletseng sa sechaba hara batho ba India. E thibetsoe ho otla. U ka kopana le eena leha e le lireschorenteng tse turang. Mong'a sebaka sa thekiso ea lijo ha a na ho koata. O tla fa khomo e halalelang ntho e monate ebile o etella pele moeti ea joalo hore a tsoe. Cow in India a ka ikutloa a phutholohile tseleng. Mme bakhanni bohle ba tla e potoloha ho fihlela phoofolo ka boeona e ea sebakeng se seng. Bakeng sa polao khomo e halalelang ho india a ka fana ka lilemo tse 15 teronkong. Mme motho ea entseng sena o tla tšoenyeha le ho feta eseng hobane a shebane le chankana. O tla etsa bonnete ba hore o timetse karma ea hae bophelo bo bongata esale pele, a bolaea phoofolo e halalelang ho india.

Phoofolo ena e itšoara joaloka 'm'e oa' nete. Ke mooki oa batho. Na ho ka etsahala hore u bolaee 'm'ao e le hore u ka ikhotsofatsa ka nama ea hae? Ho Maindia 'ohle a lumelang, hona ke tlhekefetso e feteletseng. Ka hona, ha ho le ea mong oa bona ea ka khonang ho ja nama ea khomo. Ho sireletsa namane e halalelang India, motho o sireletsa Molimo ka boeena. Lithapelo tse ngata li etsoa ho eena.

Likhomo li ka tsamaea mabopong a India. Ho khahlisang, likhomo tsa India ha li rate tsa rona. Ho e-na le hoo lia lla. Molumo oa tsona o tšoana le ho lla ha nkoe.

Ha khomo e tsofala, batho ba bangata ba e leleka seterateng. Maindia a lumela hore a tlameha ho etsa monehelo o moholo haeba phoofolo e hlokahala malapeng a eona. Kaha litšenyehelo tse joalo ha se tsa motho e mong le e mong, ho bonolo ho tlohela phoofolo hore e tsamaee. Ka hona, liphoofolo tse futsanehileng tse se nang mahae li lula tseleng, li etsa menyakoe ea sephethe-phethe.

Tlou - letšoao la India

Ha motho a panya-panya, qalong a e sheba feela, o na le kelello ea pono le karabelo e potlakileng. Tlou ea India e ne e le tšehetso e tšepahalang 'me e ile ea fana ka thuso e kholo bophelong ba letsatsi le letsatsi ba Maindia. O ne a nkile mojaro o boima. E ne e le koloi e tšepahalang sebakeng se thata. Phoofolo ena e ne e tšoasoa libakeng tse hlaha ebe e rutoa ho mamela batho. Ha ba le botlamuoeng, litlou li ile tsa ikatisa hantle, empa li ile tsa fuoa feela ho thusa kamora lilemo tse supileng. Leha e le hore ke liphoofolo tse kholo, empa ho fihlela lilemo tse supileng tlou e nkuoa e fokola ebile e sa khone ho etsa mosebetsi.

Mabapi le likarolo tsa likamano lipakeng tsa linaha bala sengoloa: India-Moscow.

Litlou li sebelisitsoe lintoeng. Ba ne ba apere junifomo ea sesole 'me ba ile ba khahla sera. E ne e le liteboho ho liphoofolo tsena hore mehleng ea khale li khonne ho etsa hore masole a Alexander the Great a balehe.

Ho tloha khale tlou ka india e ne e le mothofatso oa bohlale, matla le masene. Sebopeho sa hae se sebetsa e le letšoao la matla a borena. Ke phoofolo ena eo e leng sesupo sa litšobotsi tseo hlooho ea lekala le phahameng e lokelang ho ba le tsona: maikutlo a bophahamo, kelello e kenang, kelello, mamello le botsoalle.

Borapeli ba boloi India

Ke naheng ena feela linoha li lulang ka bolokolohi joalo. U ka kopana le linoha India hohle, esita le hotele ea linaleli tse ngata e ka ba le "moeti". Nakong ea lipula tsa likhohola, metsi a tlatsa matlo a bona, joale linoha tse ngata li hlaha malapeng a batho. Ha a tobana le noha ntlong ea hae, Mohindu ha a mo akhela thupa. O tla leka ho kholisa noha hore e tlohe ha hae. Haeba a sa batle ho etsa sena, mong'a sona o tla kopa thuso ea motaki oa noha. Mme ha ho motho ea tla makala, hobane noha le eona e nkuoa e halalela liphoofolo tsa India. Mosebetsi oa caster o ea shoa. Bakeng sa mosebetsi oa hae, monna enoa o ne a amohela li-rupe tse ka bang 40 feela ka letsatsi. Chelete ena ha ea lekana ho fa ba lelapa la hau mekhoa ea ho iphelisa. Ntle le moo, batho ba tloaetseng ho sebelisa spell ba na le lefu le tebileng la pulmonary. Ho ea ka lingaka, sena ke hobane, ho bapala seletsa se ikhethileng, motho o hlola matšoafo haholo. Batho bana ba fetola tataiso ea bona khoebong. Ba theha lihlopha tse nyane tse tšoasang linoha metseng e meholo. Ntle le moo, ho tsoa ho loma linoha ka hare ho India batho ba bangata ba shoa.

Cobra e nkoa e le noha e kotsi ka ho fetisisa. Kamora hore a eme hanyane, e mong le e mong o batla ho robala. Ebe puo e fetoha pherekano, ho ferekana kelellong ho bonoe, mesifa ea phefumoloho ea holofala, e fella ka lefu.

Ho longoa ke noha ea 'mala oa likorale le' mala o moputsoa o fumanehang karolong e ka leboea-bochabela ea India, le hona hoa bolaea. Ho joalo, ho na le ente tse thibelang ho longoa ke linoha tsena, empa ha ho khonehe ho li sebelisa ka nako.

India, mefuta e makholo a mabeli a metso e tšeletseng ea linoha. Ho tsena, mefuta e mashome a mahlano a metso e 'meli e nkuoa e le chefo. Ka hona, o tlameha ho ba hlokolosi haholo naheng ena.

Mabapi le hore na bophelo India bo fapana joang le ba rona bala sengoloa: Ba phela joang India.

Thupa ea bamboo e arohaneng e sebetsa e le sesebelisoa sa ho ts'oasa liphoofolo tsena. Batho ka thuso ea sesebelisoa sena se bonolo ba tšoasa linoha, ba ba ntše meeling ea toropo ebe baa lokolla.

Bothata ka lintja

Ntja tse khahlang haholo India. Ka lebaka le itseng, kaofela li na le li-muzzles tse telele le mahlo a puo e mengata. Ntja li na le litokelo tse batlang li tšoana le tsa mong'a tsona, eo hangata a ikhethelang eena. Lintja li ka kopana le ho tsamaea le motho sebakeng sa leoatle. Ha ba kope letho, empa ba ntse ba leka ho sheba ka mahlong a bona. Haeba motho a ne a rata ntja e joalo, a ka beha hlooho ea hae maotong a hae, a lemoha motsoalle oa hae ho eena. Hangata lintja li ka bonoa litšieeng tse ka pele ho villa. Bophahamo ba litšiea ke limithara tse peli. Ba phethela joang moo? Sena ke sephiri ho Maindia.

Empa se sa tloaelehang le se khahlang ke kamoo lintja li ferekanyang letsatsi. Ho etsa sena, ba ea leoatleng, ba ipata sebaka se setle tlas'a sefate sa palema mme ba tsepamisa mahlo a bona letsatsi le chabile. Ka khutso ba shebella papali pakeng tsa leseli le leoatle. Hang ha letsatsi le likela, lintja li tsoha ka khutso ebe li ea bosiu. Ha u li sheba, lipelaelo tsa hore e ne e le batho bophelong ba bona bo fetileng lia nyamela.

India, ka bomalimabe, palo e kholo ea lintja tse lahlehileng lefatšeng. Mme bona ke bothata bo boholo naheng eohle, hobane batho ba ka bang 20,000 ba bolaoa ke lefu la rabi selemo le selemo. Libakeng tsa mahaeng tse hole (moo batho ba sa rutehang), ho lumeloa hore ka mor'a ho loma o ka ima ho ntja. Mme ba bangata ba lumela ho sena, kahoo boitšoaro ba bona bo ba bo makatsang haholo. Batho ba re malinyane a hola ka har'a 'ona ebile a qala ho akhotsa. Sebakeng sa ho ea lingakeng tsa litsebi, ba ea ho ngaka. 'Me o fana ka litaelo tsa hae, ka thuso ea malinyane ao ho thoeng a "qhala le ho tsoa" ka ts'ilo ea lijo.

Likatse tse makatsang tsa India

Likatse tsa India le tsona li fapane le likatse tsa rona tse tloaelehileng. Kaofela li na le mohloa o molelele; likhomo le lintja li na le sebopeho se tšoanang. U ke ke ua utloa ho tsoa katse ea India seporisi se bonolo kapa meow e tloaelehileng. Li hola hamonate joalo ka likhomo. Li na le tšobotsi ea melancholic e boletsoeng.

Liriboane ho india

Pejana, ho ne ho na le likete tse mashome a likete naheng ena. Bosiu, batho ba ne ba tšaba ho tloha hole le mabone, e le hore e se ke ea e-ba tidbit bakeng sa nkoe. Ho na le phoso ea motho hobane likhahla tse ling li fetohile likanono. Khafetsa, bullet ha e bolaee sebata hang-hang, empa e ne e mo lematsa. Sebata se lemetseng le se fokolang se ne se ka tsoma feela ho ja liphofu tse fokolang. Monna ka boeena o ile a fetoha leqheka lena.

Champavat tigress e tsoa, ​​e le eona e kotsi ka ho fetisisa. Ka lebaka la hae batho ba fetang 400 ba shoele. O ile a bolaoa ke setsomi se tummeng Jim Corbett.

Mabapi le limela le liphoofolo tse ikhethang tsa India bala sengoloa: Tlhaho ea India.

Nkoe ea Bengal e tsebahala ka botle ba eona le ho tsebahala ha eona. Sebaka seo e lulang ho sona ke lithaba tsa Himalaya, meru, lithota le lithota.

Kajeno, liphoofolo tse hlaha ha li na palo e kholo ea liphoofolo tsena tse ntle. Hona joale ba sirelelitsoe, kahoo palo ea bona e ile ea qala ho eketseha hape.

Litšoene le mathata a tsoang ho tsona

Maindia a rata litšoene, a li nka e le batho ba khethehileng. Liphoofolo tsena li ne li tlatsa libaka tsohle ka har'a litoropo. Ha li na kotsi. Litšoene hangata li loma batho ebile li lematsa malapa a bona. Mohlape oa litšoene o lakaletsa batho ba fetang ka tsela, o nka lijo ho bona o ba amoha likatiba tsa bona. Ka hona, lia tšoaroa. Empa liphoofolo tsena li bohlale ho lekana 'me ho li tšoara ha ho bonolo. Leha ho le joalo, batho ba mosa ho litšoene, baa li fepa. Litšoene tseo li atlehileng ho li ts'oara le ho li ntša ka ntle ho toropo, kamora nako e itseng, lia khutla.

Ntloana ea likolobe

Likolobe li hole le liphoofolo tse hlokang kelello. Ho ipholosa tlala, ba jele ntho e 'ngoe le e' ngoe e tlang ka pel'a bona. Ha li khese le lijo tse sa fetoleheng, li ja litšila le litšila tsa batho.

Kamore ea ntlo ea poli e Goa ke ntloana ea ka tlung e tloaetsoeng holima lesoba le chekiloeng, le hokahaneng le "pigsty". Likolobe tsohle li ja ntho e ngoe le e ngoe e sa oeleng ka sejelong sa bona. Matlwana a joalo a ntse a le teng le India le kajeno.

Maqhubu a India

Tlholeho e ba bopetse joalo ka li-scavenger. Ka lebaka la mapheo a maholo, li khona ho potoloha ka lihora tse ngata. Melomo ea bona e ka cheka le ho harola nama. Linonyana tsena li bapala karolo ea bohlokoa ho ecology.

Lilemong tse mashome a mabeli tse fetileng, ho ne ho le palo e kholo ea bona India. Eaba ba qala ho shoa ka lebaka la lefu le sa utloisiseheng la liphio. Ba batlile ba fela. Ba fumane hore sesosa sa lefu la bona ke diclofenac. Moriana ona o ile oa fuoa likhomo tsa liphallelo. Ho ja litopo tsa likhomo, 'mele oa liphokojoe ha o khone ho sebetsana le meriana ena mme li ile tsa shoa. Ba boholong India ba thibetse ts'ebeliso ea lithethefatsi tsena hobane likhoto le lintja tse hlaha li nkile sebaka sa manala. Sena se lebisitse keketseho ea maloetse bathong.

E fapane haholo ebile e ikhethile ka tsela ea eona. fauna ea India. E na le likhohla le liphokojoe, litlou le likamele, likhama, libere, likonyana le liphoofolo tse ling tse ngata. Ka kakaretso ho na le mefuta ea liphoofolo tse anyesang tse 350, mefuta e ka bang 1200 ea linonyana le mefuta e 20,000 ea likokoanyana. Libata tse ruileng ka ho fetisisa naheng ena.

Liphoofolo tse kotsi ka ho fetisisa India, video:

Bophelo ba metsing ba leoatle

Nonyana ea noka

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Whale shark

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Giant catfish

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Qeto

Ho latela likhakanyo tsa morao tjena, ke linkoe ​​tsa Bengal tse 1,411 feela tse ileng tsa sala li le teng ka lebaka la ts'enyo ea tikoloho ea tsona ea tlhaho le kholo ea baahi. Nkoe ea Bengal ke phoofolo ea naha ea India, phoofolo e anyesang e potlakileng lefatšeng.

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Sebaka ka seng India se na le liphoofolo, linonyana le limela tse ikhethang. Ma-gazelles a India a solla lithoteng tsa Rajasthan. Litšoene li hlasela lifateng morung oa pula. Shaggy yaks, linku tse putsoa le mohloaare oa musk o nyolohela lithabeng tsa Himalayan tse nang le mafika.

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Ho na le mefuta e mengata e fapaneng ea linoha India. E tsebahalang ka ho fetisisa ebile e tšosa ke cobra ea morena, e kholo ebile e matla. Russell Viper oa India o chefo haholo.