Sauropods (lat. Saauropodaho bolelang Lino tsa lijo tsa mantsiboea) - infraorder e fapaneng ea dinosaur. Sebaka sa sebaka sa li-sauropods se tsoa lilemong tse limilione tse 200 ho isa ho tse 85 tse fetileng, boholo ba bona ba ne ba phela mehleng ea Jurassic, empa ba bang ba ne ba phela nakong ea Cretaceous, joalo ka titanosaurus kapa Alamosaurus.

Liphetoho tsa Lijo

Li-sauropod li ne li e-na le mala a maholo haholo, li ne li ka kenya limela ka melomong eohle ea tsona. Ba ne ba khona ho koenya ho etelaho sohla makhasi ka mpeng. Mefuta e meng e kang Ankhisaur, e na le meqathatso e meholo ho batla metso le metso ea ka tlasa lefatše. Ba fihlile lifateng ka melala ea bona. Haeba bophahamo bo ne bo sa lekana, sauropod e ne e ka ema ka maoto a eona a morao. Empa ka boemo bo otlolohileng, mali molaleng a ne a sa khone ho pompa pelo ka nako e telele.

Sauropod e nyane haholo

Li-dinosaurs tsa pele tse neng li phela lilemong tse limilione tse 220 tse fetileng e ne e le limithara tse bolelele feela. Khopolo ea ho iphetola ha lintho e entse hore lijalo tsena li hōle. Moqhaka le sephetho sa ts'ebetso ena e ne e le senatla, e leng sehlopha sa li-sauropods - li-dinosaurs tse maoto a mane tsa li-herbivorous tsa mekholutsoane ea taelo, e neng e phela ho tloha Jurassic ho isa linakong tsa Pherekano.

Ke efe ea sauropods e nyane ka ho fetisisa

Tse kholo ka ho fetisisa ho tsona, joalo ka Amphicelias (Amphicoelias) - dino tse kholo, phoofolo e kholo ka ho fetisisa e kileng ea phela polaneteng, Brachiosaurus kapa Argentinosaurus (Argentinosaurus) e ne e le limithara tse mashome le bolelele ba limilone.

Brachytrachelopan, Brachytrachelopan

Brachytrachelopan (Brachytrachelopan) - sauropod, e fihletseng bolelele ba limithara tse ka bang 7-10.

Rekota boholo

Zauropods li ne li e-na le litekanyetso tse kholo ka ho fetisisa har'a li-dinosaurs tsohle. Liphoofolo tse anyesang tse joalo ka pele Indricotherium le Palaeoloxodon (liphoofolo tse anyesang tse kholo ka ho fetisisa) li ne li le nyane ha li bapisoa le li-sauropods tse kholo. Ke maruarua a sejoale-joale a ka qothisanang lehlokoa le li-dinosaurs tsena.

E 'ngoe ea li-dinosaurs tse telele le tse boima ka ho fetisisa tse tsejoang ka masapo a mangata kapa a tlase - Giraffatitan brancai. Litopo tsa hae li ile tsa fumanoa Tanzania pakeng tsa 1907 le 1912. Liphoofolo li fihlile bolelele ba limithara tse 12, bolelele ba tsona e ne e le li-21.8-22,5 m, le boima ba lithane tse 30-60. E 'ngoe ea li-dinosaurs tse telele ka ho fetisisa - Diplodocus holoorume fumanoe ho Wyoming ho la USA.

Li-dinosaurs tse kholo le tsona lia tsebahala, empa ho aha bocha ho thehiloe feela lifoseteng. E 'ngoe ea li-sauropod tse kholo ka ho fetisisa ke Argentinosaurus, ho fihlela ho 39,7 m bolelele.

Li-theodods tse kholo ka ho fetisisa e ne e le Spinosaurus, Carcharodontosaurus le Giganotosaurus. Likhopolo tsa sejoale-joale li bontša hore boholo ba 'mele oa theropod bo fokotsehile ka ho tsoelang pele lilemo tse limilione tse 50 tsa ho ba teng, ho tloha ho 163 kg ho isa ho 0,8 kg, hobane qetellong ba fetoha linonyana.

Na li-sauropod tsohle li ne li le kholo haholo?

Ha se li-sauropod tsohle tse fihletseng boholo ba limithara tse 'maloa le boima ba lithane tse' maloa. Metsoako e nyane ea li-theropods tse ling e li thusitse ho tsamaea ka potlako, ka hona ho bonolo ho tšoara liphofu tsa tsona.

Skele Europasaurus holgeri

Lehata ke Europasaurus holgeri, e fihlile ho 6 metres ka bolelele.

Li-sauropod tse nyane haholo

1. Ahmdenozaur (Ahmdenosaurus liasicus) - 4 m
2. Blikanazaur (Blikanasaurus cromptoni) - 3-5 m
3. Magyarosaur (Magyarosaurus dacus) - 5-6 m
4. Europazaur (Europasaurus holgeri) - ka tlase ho 6.2 m
5. Isanozaur (Isanosaurus) - 6.5-7 m
6. Vulcanodon (Vulcanodon) - 6.5 m
7. Camelotia (Camelotia) - 9 m
8. Tazoudazaur (Tazoudasaurus) - 9 m
9. Antetonitrus (Antetonitrus) - 8-10 m
10. Brachytrachelopan (Brachytrachelopan) - 7-10 m
11. Shunosaurus (Shunosaurus) - 9.5-10 m
12. Amazonzaur (Amazonsaurus marahensis) - 10-12 m

Szunozaur (Shunosaurus) - bolelele bo ka tlase ho limithara tse 10.

Haeba u fumana phoso, ka kopo khetha sekhechana sa mongolo ebe o tobetsa Ctrl + Kena.

Karete ea khoebo

Nako le sebaka seo a leng ho sona

Ho ne ho na le li-sauropods ho tloha Late Triassic ho isa pheletsong ea Cretaceous, 231.4 - lilemo tse limilione tse 66 tse fetileng (ho tloha bohareng ba Carnian ho ea sethaleng sa Maastrichtian). Li ne li atile haholo: masalla a fumaneha lik'honthinenteng tsohle.

Pokello e ntlehali ea genera e 'maloa (tlanya ho holisa), e entsoeng ke motaki oa Spain oa paleo Raul Martin. Moralo: Jen Christianen Mabitso a thathamisitsoe tlas'a li-dinosaurs.

Litlhaloso le nalane ea ho sibolla

Sauropoda (Sauropoda) - ho phatloha ha li-dinosaurs, ho tšoauoa ka melala e melelele le mehatla, marikhoe a manyane, hammoho le batho ba bang ba bangata ba morphological, ba tla bontšoa ka tlase. Lihlopheng tse ling ho tsamaea e le suborder sauropodomorphs (Sauropodomorpha).

Lebitso la Latin Saauropoda e tsoa ho mantsoe a khale a Gerike a reng "leoto la sejo" mme e supa sebopeho sa maoto le matsoho. Sengoli sa eona ke setsebi se tummeng sa Brithani paleontologist Charles Marsh. O khothalelitse lebitso leo ka 1978 pampiring ea mahlale. "Bangoli ba ka sehloohong ba li-dinosaurs tsa Amerika Jurassic. Karolo ea I".

Baemeli ba bangata ba phahameng ba etsoang ke sebini sa Russia Dmitry Bogdanov.

Ho ka etsahala haholo, mehleng ea khale le ea Bohareng, masala a sauropods a ne a fumanoa lefats'eng lohle khafetsa. Empa mesaletsa ea pele e tsebahalang e boletsoeng ka har'a lingoliloeng e hlaha feela ka 1699. Ona ke mosebetsi oa rasaense oa Wales e leng Edward Lluid "Lithophylacii Britannici Ichnographia, sive lapidium aliorumque fossilium Britannicorum singulari figura insignium". Phoofolo eo, e tsejoang ka leino le le leng, e ile ea amohela lebitso la Rutellum implicatum.

Masala a pele a hlalositsoeng a sauropod a fumanoe mathoasong a lekholo la bo19 la lilemo Great Britain: ho buuoa ka 'ona ke a morao ka la 3 Pherekhong 1825. E ne e le dorsal vertebra le likarolo tsa maoto le matsoho a cetiosaurus (Cetiosaurus). Ka 1841 o hlalositsoe ke Charles Marsh. Ka nako e ts'oanang, sauropod ea bobeli, Cardiodon, e hlalositsoe.

Ho tloha ka nako eo, ho sibolotsoe lintho tse ngata. Ho fihla joale, mefuta e ka bang lekholo ea li-sauropods e tsejoa, 'me selemo se seng le se seng palo ea bona e ntse e eketseha ka sekhahla.

Sebopeho sa mmele

Bolelele ba 'mele ba sauropods bo fihlile ho 37 metres (pathagotitan). Bophahamo bo fihla ho limithara tse 17 (zavroposeidon). Ba ne ba le boima ba lithane tse 73 (Argentinosaurus). Tsena ke liphoofolo tse jang tse kholo ka ho fetisisa le liphoofolo tse lefatšeng historing eohle ea polanete ka kakaretso.

Li-sauropod tse 'maloa tse kholo, ka mohlala, li kentsoe ke sebini sa American paleo Scott Hartman sethaleng se le seng. Na boholo ha bo khahle? Moqapi oa rekoto bakeng sa bolelele, Supersaurus, o tsamaea tlasa lengolo la E.

Empa ha se kaofela ha bona ba neng ba le kholo haholo. Ho fapana ha boholo bo boholo. Baemeli ba pele, joalo ka Anchisaurus, ba ne ba le boima ba li-kilogram tse 27 feela le bolelele ba limithara tse 2.4 Ho bile le likotsi tse fokolang haholo har'a bona, joalo ka Panphagia.

Li-Sauropods li ne li tsamaea haholo ka maoto a mane, empa liforomo tsa pele li ne li ka tsamaea habonolo ka tse peli. Li-sauropod tse nyane haholo li ne li sebetsa hantle ebile li ka baleha lira. Tse kholo li ne li lieha, 'me nakong ea ts'ireletso ba ne ba se ba ntse ba itšetleha ka boholo ba bona le sephaka sa bona. Lihlooho tse amanang le 'mele li ne li le nyane.

Papiso e tsoang sengoloeng sa Michael Taylor le basebetsi mmoho ("Boemo ba hlooho le molala li-dinosaurs tsa sauropod li tsoa ho liphoofolo tse hole", 2009) e bonts'a ho fapana ha maraba le sekhahla sa ho potoloha ho amanang le molala (tobetsa ho holisa). Liphetoho: Matthew Wedel. Ho tloha ka letsohong le letšehali ho ea ka ho le letona: Massospondylus (Massospondylus), Camarasaurus (Camarasaurus), Diplodocus (Diplodocus) le Nigerosaurus (Nigersaurus).

Meno le ona a bile teng ka ho iphetola ha lintho, empa boholo ba tsona ke lifomane tse bopehileng joaloka khaba kapa sebopeho sa chisel. Vertebrae ea popelong e atolosoa haholo. Bolelele ba molala bo fapana ho tloha mahareng haholo (diplodocides le mamenchisaurids) ho isa mahareng (dicreosaurids).

Mefuta e fapaneng ea boqapi ea molala e tsoang phatlalatsong ea Michael Taylor le basebetsi mmoho ("Molala o molelele oa li-sauropods ha oa ka oa hlaha haholo ka khetho ea thobalano", 2011).

'Mele oa li-sauropods ka kakaretso e ne e le chitja e meholo ka ho fetisisa ebe e fela ka mohatla o kang sephali. Bolelele ba ho qetela bo ne bo tloha ho mahareng (mohlala, ho brachiosaurids) ho isa ho tse kholo haholo (diplodocides). Li-sauropods tsa morao-rao, e boetse ea fetoha sebetsa se sebetsang se sirelletsang ka morao.

Phepo e nepahetseng le mokhoa oa bophelo

Ka matšoao ohle, li-sauropods tse sebelisoang haholo-holo li jella lijo. Leha ho le joalo, mefuta e meng, haholo-holo ea pele, e ne e ka amohela lijo tsa tlhaho (libopuoa tse nyane, ho tloha likokoanyaneng ho isa tse nyolohang).

Mefuta ea limela e sebelisitsoeng e fapane ho latela boholo, bolelele ba molala le likarolo tse ling tsa sebopeho. Mohlala, Brachiosaurus (Brachiosaurus) ha ea ka ea sebetsa bohareng feela, empa le meqomo e kaholimo ea lifate. Li-volododon tse nyane (Vulcanodon) tse fepiloeng makaleng a tlase kapa liforomong tse tlase haholo.

Setšoantšong ke motaki oa litšoantšo oa paleo Sergei Krasovsky, li-dicreosaurs (Dicraeosaurus) le li-giraffatitans tse kholo (Giraffatitan) haufinyane. E haufi haholo ebile e fapane haholo. Li-dinosaurs tse nang le matsoho a malelele li ne li fapane haholo.

Mekhoa ea ts'ireletso e boetse ea fapana 'me butle-butle ea fetoha. Li-sauropod tse nyane tsa pele, ha li kopana le sebatana se seholo, li ne li tšepa ka maoto a tsona. E kholo e ne e ka ema le matsoho a ka morao, e kopana le sera ka meqhaka e meholo ea lipalo tse tsoetseng pele.

Li-sauropod tsa morao-rao li ne li thabela bophahamo ba matla, boholo bo boholo le mohatla o matla. Ba e sebelisa joalo ka sephali se seholo, ba ile ba khona ho ts'oaroa ka lits'oants'o tse mpe le ho li theropods tse kholo.

Phapang pakeng tsa baemeli ba malapa a mararo ho tsoa ho sets'oants'o sa Setaliana IsisMasshiro.

Ke batla ho tseba tsohle

Re ntse re tsoela pele ho taka mehopolo ho tsoa liposong ho tsoa litaelo tsa tafole ea april. Seo re se khahlileng ho motsoalle oa ka oa khale res_man? Mona ke sena: »Lirosa tse kholo ka ho fetisisa le tse nyane. Mme ka hara khoele ena o ka ferekana. Ho bohlokoa ho nahana ka li-sauropods le theropods (carnosaurs) ka thoko. Ho lokile, 'me haeba ho na le motho e mong ea thabelang ea ka hlahang)

Ha re utloisiseng taba ena ea nalane e telele e telele ea bo-mme ba rona Lefatše.

Empa mosebetsi ha o bonolo! Taba ea pele, u ka lekola li-dinosaur tse kholo joang? Ka bophahamo? Ka boima ba 'mele? Ka bolelee? Mme ke lipehelo tse kae tseo mofuta o itseng o sa netefatsoang ka ho khetheha. Ha u le tseleng, li-dinosaurs tse ngata tse bulehileng li na le boholo bo lekanang. A re ke re feng mefuta e mengata ka sehlooho sena, ebe u iketsetsa qeto ea hore na ke mang ea ka nkoang a le moholo kapa e monyane ho feta.

“Likhomo tse tšabehang” - ke kamoo lentsoe "Dinosaur" le fetoletsoeng ho tsoa ho Senyesemane sa khale. Li-vertebrates tsena tsa lefatše li lutse Lefatše nakong ea Mesozoic lilemo tse fetang limilione tse 160. Li-dinosaurs tsa pele li hlahile nakong ea morao ea Triassic (lilemo tse limilione tse 251 tse fetileng - lilemo tse limilione tse 199 tse fetileng), lilemo tse ka bang limilione tse 230 tse fetileng, mme ho timela ha tsona ho qalile qetellong ea nako ea Cretaceous (lilemo tse limilione tse 145 tse fetileng - lilemo tse limilione tse 65 tse fetileng). milione e fetileng.

Masala a sehla sa dino tse fumanehang morao ka 1877 Colado, a ntse a nkoa e le masapo a dino tse kholo ka ho fetisisa - amphicelia Amphicelia (lat. Amphicoelias ho tsoa ho Greek. amphi Mahlakoreng ka bobeli ”le coelos "Empty, concave") ke mofuta oa li-dinosaurs tsa herbivorous tse tsoang sehlopheng sa saopopod.

Paleontologist Edward Cope, ea hatisitseng sengoloa ka amphicelia morao ka 1878, o fihletse qeto ea hae sekhechaneng se le seng sa vertebra (e ileng ea timetsoa nakoana kamora ho hlatsoa mme ha e so ka e phela ho fihlela joale - ke setšoantšo feela se seng se pholohile), ka hona boholo le ho ba teng hoa sesebelisoa sena sa dino li na le lipelaelo. Haeba Amphicelias e ntse e hlalosoa ka nepo, bolelele ba eona, ho latela lipalo, e ne e le ho tloha ho 40 ho isa ho 62 metres, le boima - ho fihlela ho 155 lithane . Ebe e shebahala e se feela dinosaur tse kholo ka ho fetisisa tsa nako eohle, empa hape e kholo ka ho fetisisa ho liphoofolo tse tsebahalang. Amphicelias e batla e le bolelele ba habeli ho feta bolelele bo putsoa le limithara tse 10 ho feta seismosaurus, e sebakeng sa bobeli. Ebe palo e phahameng ea boholo ba liphoofolo e tla ba maemong a amphicelias - bolelele ba 62 m. Leha ho le joalo, monahano o etsoa mabapi le ho ba teng ha li-dinosaurs tse kholo (mohlala, Bruhatkayosaurus e phetseng nakong ea Cretaceous.

Bruhathkayosaurus (Latin Bruhathkayosaurus) ke e 'ngoe ea li-sauropod tse kholo. Ho latela mefuta e fapaneng, boima ba lithane tse 180 kapa tse 220 (ho latela li-hypotheses tse ling - lithane tse 240) . Bruhatkayosaurus ho bonahala e le phoofolo e boima ho feta tsohle tse kileng tsa phela (sebakeng sa bobeli ke leruarua le leputsoa la lithane tse 200, ho boraro ke li-amphicelias tse boima ba lithane tse 155). Mofuta o kenyelletsa mofuta o le mong feela o fumanoang karolong e ka boroa ea India (Tiruchirapalli, Tamil Nadu). Age - lilemo tse ka bang limilione tse 70 (Cretaceous). Ha ho na tlhahlobo e le 'ngoe ea bolelele ba sekhono se fanoeng;

Oa qhekelloa

Leha ho le joalo, u se ke ua potlakela ho lumela menahano ea hajoale. Ka lebaka la palo e fokolang ea masapo, sena ha se e-so bonoe. Ke menahano ea bo-ramahlale feela le khakanyo e pharalletseng. Re tla emela ho epolloa ha lintho tse ncha - hobane re itšetleha feela ka lintlha. Haeba u itšetleha feela ka lintlha, ke seo ba se buang.

Le ha litsebi tsa paleontosa li bolela hore li fumane tšisinyeho e kholo, boholo ba Argentina ba tšehetsoa ke bopaki bo kholisang. Ke vertebra e le 'ngoe feela ea Argentinosaurus e boholo ba limithara tse fetang tse' ne! E ne e e-na le maoto a ka morao ea bolelele ba limithara tse ka bang 4,5, le bolelele ho tloha mahetleng ho isa thekeng. Metsi a 7. Haeba re eketsa ho litholoana bolelele ba molala le mohatla o tsamaellanang le boholo ba li-titanosaurs tse neng li tsejoa esale pele, bolelele bo felletseng ba Argentinosaurus e tla ba limithara tse 30. Leha ho le joalo, sena ha se etse hore e be dinosaur tse telele ho feta tsohle. E telele ka ho fetisisa e nkuoa e le pherekano ea leoatle, eo bolelele ba eona bo tsoang pheletsong ea nko ho isa ntlheng ea mohatla e hakantsoeng ho 40 m, mme boima bo tsoa ho lithane tse 40 ho isa ho tse 80, empa, ho latela lipalo tsohle, Argentinosaurus ke eona e boima ka ho fetisisa. Boima ba eona bo ne bo ka fihla ho lithane tse 100!

Ntle le moo, Argentinosaurus, ntle le pelaelo,. bohloko bo boholo ka ho fetisisa bo bokelletsoeng ka ntle. Litsebi tse peli tsa lipalesa, Rodolfo Coria le Jose Bonaparte ba Setsing sa Nalane ea Tlhaho Buenos Aires, ba ile ba cheka senepe sena ka 1980. Ho ea ka bafuputsi bana, Argentinosaurus ke ea li-titanosaurs (suborder ea sauropod ea tatellano ea li-dinosaur), tse neng li atile k'honthinenteng ea Amerika e ka boroa nakong ea Cretaceous.

Ha ho bapisoa masapo a fumanoeng le masala a seng a ntse a tsebahala a sauropod, bo-ramahlale ba ile ba bala hore phoofolo ena e epollotsoeng e ne e na le maoto a ka morao a limithara tse ka bang 4,5 le bolelele ho tloha mahetle ho ea thekeng. Metsi a 7. Haeba u eketsa molala le mohatla bolelele bo lumellanang le boholo ba litemosa tse neng li tsejoa pele ho litlamorao, bolelele bo felletseng ba Argentinosaurus e tla ba limithara tse 30. Sena ha se li-dinosaur tse telele haholo (bolelele bo fetisisang ke seismosaur, eo bolelele ba eona bo tsoang pheletsong ea nko ho isa ntlheng ea mohatla e hakantsoeng ho 40 m. , mme boima bo tsoa ho lithane tse 40 ho isa ho tse 80), empa, ho latela likhakanyo tsohle, tse boima haholo. Boima ba eona bo ne bo ka fihla ho lithane tse 100.

Zauroposeidon (Sauroposeidon) e rehiloe lebitso la Poseidon, molimo oa leoatle oa Greece. Ka boholo, o ile a hlolisana le Argentinainosaurus, mme mohlomong a ka e feta, empa boima ba eona bo ne bo le tlase haholo, ho latela litsebi tsa paleontologists, e ne e se boima ba lithane tse fetang 65, athe Ma-Argentina a ne a ka ba boima ba lithane tse lekholo. Empa Zauroposeidon e ka ba sejoana se selelele ho feta se kileng sa solla lefatšeng, empa ho na le sebopuoa se selelele ho feta polaneteng ka kakaretso! Bophahamo ba eona bo ne bo ka fihlela limithara tse ka bang 18-20

Lintlha tsa hae tsa nama li bonts'a hore letsatsi le leng le le leng o ne a tlameha ho sebelisa hoo e ka bang thane ea meroho, hoo e batlang e le mosebetsi o sa feleng. Ho etsa “ntho” ena, dinosaur li ne li e-na le meno a 52 a bopehileng a ferekanyang limela tse neng li oetse limela ka kotloloho. Ha a ka a khathatseha ho hlafuna lijo, a metsa limela tse monate, tse ileng tsa oela hanghang ka mpeng ea boima ba thane e le ngoe. Joale lero la hae la gastric, le neng le le matla ka mokhoa o makatsang ebile le khona ho qhibilihisa tšepe, le ile la etsa mosebetsi o mong kaofela.Setsebi sa dinosaur se ile sa metsa le majoe a ileng a mo thusa ho hlohlora fiber.

Ho hotle hore sistimi ea tšilo ea lijo e sebelitse hantle haholo bakeng sa sejo sa li-dinosaur, kaha se na le nako ea bophelo ea lilemo tse 100 (e 'ngoe ea nako e telele ho feta' musong oa li-dinosaurs) le ho ba sieo ha metabolism e joalo, e ne e tla tsofala kapele haholo.

Kaofela ha rona re buile ka tse bitsoang li-sauropods (sauropods), 'me ke ofe ho tse jang tse jang li-dinosaur tse kholo ka ho fetisisa?

Mohlomong u kile oa nahana hore sehlopheng sena ho tla ba le Tyrannosaurus Rex. Leha ho le joalo, hona joale ho lumeloa hore spinosaurus e ne e le sejo se seholo ka ho fetisisa sa liphoofolo tse jang nama. Molomo oa hae o ne o le joaloka molomo oa koena, 'me bokaholimo ba mokokotlo oa hae bo ne bo tšoana le sekepe se seholo. Sekepe se ile sa etsa hore ponahalo ea sebaka sena sa theknoloji e be ntle haholo. "Sekepe" sa Leathery se fihlile bophahamong ba limithara tse peli. Phoofolo e jang nama ka boeona e ne e le bolelele ba limithara tse 17 ebile e le boima ba lithane tse 4. O ile a tsamaea ka maoto a hae a ka morao joalo ka litlhare tse ling. Ka bophahamo e ne e ka ba tse fetang maoto a 20. Bala haholoanyane ka setsi sa dinosaur.

Spinosaurus e ne e e-na le "sekepe" se nang le letlalo se otlolohileng holim'a lits'ebetso tsa vertebrae, li fihla bophahamong ba limithara tse peli. Phoofolo e jang nama ka boeona e ne e le bolelele ba limithara tse 17 ebile e le boima ba lithane tse 4. O ile a tsamaea ka maoto a hae a ka morao joalo ka litlhare tse ling.

Spinosaurus e tsongoa e le 'ngoe, e ts'oenya phofu. Ka nako e ts'oanang, o ne a itšetleha ka boholo ba hae bo boholo le matla a mehlahare, a phahameng, joalo ka pliosaurus, mme a hlometse ka meno a bohale a kopaneng. Mohlaseli enoa o ne a ja litlhapi tse kholo, empa a ka hlasela esita le sekholopane sa boholo ba eona. Meno a tsitsitseng molaleng oa sauropod, sepinosa e ile ea loma 'metso ea eona, e ileng ea lebisa ho bolaeeng kapele. O ne a ka hlasela likoena, li-pterosaurs le lishaka tsa metsi a hloekileng.

Bohareng ba letsatsi, spinosaurus e ne e ka chechisa letsatsi. Sebakeng sena, "sekepe" se ne se fetoloa hore se tataise khanya ea letsatsi 'me se se ke sa amohela mocheso, kahoo spinosaurus, eo, joalo ka mefuta eohle e marang-rang, e neng e na le mali a batang, e ile ea qoba kotsi ea ho chesa haholo. Haeba ka tšohanyetso a ne a ikutloa a chesa haholo, o ne a ka qoela ka letšeng kapa nokeng e haufi ebe o kenella "sekepeng" sa hae ka metsing ho mo pholisa. Hoseng hoseng le ha ho ne ho futhumetse mocheso oa Cretaceous, mohlomong mocheso o ne o se holimo joaloka motšehare. Ho ka etsahala hore ha mafube a hlaha spinosaurus e ne e bile e le lerootho. Ebe o khona ho ema e le hore mahlaseli a letsatsi a theohe sefofaneng sa "sekepe", joalo ka papiso. Ho na le khopolo e 'ngoe, eo ho lumeloang hore "sekepe" nakong ea ho emola e ka sebetsa e le mokhoa oa ho hohela basali.

Kamoo ho bonahalang kateng, spinosaurus e ne e le e 'ngoe ea lihloela tse mpe ka ho fetesisa tsa Late Cretaceous. Bolelele ba 'mele oa hae ho tloha ntlheng ea nko ea hae ho isa ntlheng ea mohatla oa hae e ne e ka ba 15m - ho feta bolelele ba bese ea sejoale-joale. Papisong u bona letlapa le thata la lesapo la mokokotlo, leo bolelele ba lona e neng e le limithara tse 1,8. Li-spikes tsena e bile motheo oa "sekepe" sa spinosaurus. Li-spikes tse telele ka ho fetisisa li ne li le bohareng, spike e 'ngoe le e' ngoe e bohareng e ne e le tšesaane ho feta pheletsong e kaholimo. 'Mele o moholo oa spinosaurus o ne o tšehelitsoe ke maoto a mabeli a matla joaloka sephara,' me maoto a ile a khaotsa ka mehato e meraro e bohale. Ntle le moo, ho ne ho e-na le monoana o mong o fokolang o neng o le leoto le leng le le leng. Matlapa a maholo maotong a spinosaurus a ka ba molemo ho eena e le ho boloka motho ea hlasetsoeng a leka ho baleha. Likhahla tse holimo tsa spinosaurus li ne li le khutšoane, empa hape li le matla haholo. Sebopeho sa lehata la spinosaur se ne se tšoana le sebopeho sa lehata la li-dinosaurs tse ling tse ntle, sebopeho sa tsona e ne e le meno a otlolohileng, e bohale joaloka lithupa bakeng sa ho kuta nama, e neng e ka phunya esita le letlalo le boreleli. Mohatla oa spinosaurus e ne e le e telele, e sephara ebile e le matla haholo. Bo-rasaense ba fana ka maikutlo a hore maemong a mang, spinosaurus e ka lihola liphofu tsa eona ka ho etsa likotlo tse ngata tse matla tsa mohatla.

Mona ke tse ling tsa tse jang tse ka boleloang, tse ka qothisanang lehlokoa leseling. 'Me sena hape ha se Tyrannosaurus Rex :-)

Tarbosaurus (Tarbosaurus), e leng mofuta oa li-dinosaurs tse jang nama tse matla tse se nang bomalimabe (superfamily carnosaurs). Linoko tse kholo tsa lefats'e - bolelele ba 'mele hangata bo feta limilimithara tse 10, bophahamo ba maoto a maoto a mabeli bo bolelele ba 3.5 m. Lehata le leholo (le fetang meno a 1 m) meno a maholo, a matla joalo ka nts'etsopele, a etselitsoeng ho hlasela liphoofolo tse kholo haholo (haholo li-dinosaurs tsa herbivorous). Linako tsa pele tsa T. li fokotsehile 'me li na le menoana e' meli feela e tletse, maoto le matsoho a morao a ntlafalitsoe haholo, a etsoa hammoho le mohatla o matla, 'mele o tšehetsang mmele. T. marang-rang a fumanoe mefuteng ea "Upper Cretaceous" ea South Gobi (MPR).

Lit.: Maleev E.A., li-carnosaurs tsa Giant tsa lelapa Tyrannosauridae, bukeng: Fauna le biostratigraphy ea Mesozoic le Cenozoic ea Mongolia, M., 1974, leq. 132-91

Asia Tarbosaurus (Tarbosaurus bataar) e ne e le setho se haufi sa li-dinosaurs tsa Amerika Leboea tsa pheletso tsa qetellong ea baCretaceous. Tarbosaurus ke moloi oa lesholu. Ho tloha ntlheng ea muzzle ho isa ntlheng ea mohatla - limithara tse ka bang leshome. E kholo ka ho fetisisa ho tsona e na le bolelele bo fetang 14 m le bolelele ba 6 m. Boholo ba hlooho bo feta limilimithara ka bolelele. Meno a ne a le bohale, a tšereha-joaloka. Sena sohle se ile sa lumella Tarbosaurus hore e sebetsane le lira tseo 'mele oa tsona o neng o sirelelitsoe ke libetsa tsa masapo.

Ka bophahamo le ponahalo ea hae, o ne a shebahala haholo joalo ka bohatelli. O boetse a tsamaea ka maoto le matsoho a morao, a sebelisa mohatla ho boloka teka-tekano. Linako tse ka pele-pele li ne li fokotsoe haholo, li le karolo e 'meli,' me ho hlakile hore li ne li sebelisoa feela bakeng sa ho tšoara lijo.

Har'a tse ling tsa li-dinosaur tsa pele tse fumanoeng Engelane e ne e le sekhechana sa mohlahare o ka tlaase se nang le meno a 'maloa. Kamoo ho bonahalang kateng, e ne e le ea makhopho a maholo a jang nama, ao hamorao a ileng a christoa mme

megalosaurus (dinosaur tse kholo). Kaha ho ne ho sa khonehe ho bona likarolo tse ling tsa 'mele, ho ne ho sa khonehe ho etsa setšoantšo se nepahetseng sa sebopeho sa' mele le boholo ba phoofolo. Ho ne ho lumeloa hore pangolin e tsamaea ka maoto a mane. Nakong e fetileng, mesaletsa e meng e mengata ea mesaletsa ea khale e epiloe, empa masapo a felletseng ha a so ka a fumanoa. Ke kamora ho etsa papiso le li-dinosaurs tse ling tse jang nama (li-carnosaurs), bafuputsi ba fihletse qeto ea hore megalosaurus e boetse e matha ka maoto a morao, bolelele ba eona bo fihlile ho limitara tse 9 mme e boima ba thane. Ka mokhoa o nepahetseng haholoanyane, ho ile ha khonahala ho hlophisa allosaurus (seqhenqha se seng). Amerika, ho fumanoe masapo a hae a fetang 60 a boholo bo fapaneng. Li-allosaurs tse kholo ka ho fetisisa li fihlile bolelele ba limithara tse 11-12, le boima ho tloha ho 1 ho isa ho 2 lithane. Li-dinosaurs tse matlafatsang tsa bo-maleshoane e ne e le liphofu tsa bona, ehlile, e tiisa karolo e fumanoeng ea mohatla oa apatosaurus e nang le matšoao a tebileng a ho loma le meno a allosaurus a tsoang.

Ho hoholo le ho feta, ka mokhoa o mong le o mong, e ne e le mefuta e 'meli e phetseng lilemo tse limilione tse 80 hamorao nakong ea Cretaceous, e leng: tyrannosaurus (moloi oa mohatelli) oa Amerika Leboea le tarbosaurus (seretse se tšosang) se tsoang Mongolia. Le ha marapo a ne a sa sireletsoa ka botlalo (hangata mohatla o haella), ho lumeloa hore bolelele ba tsona bo fihlile ho 14-15 metres, bolelele ba limithara tse 6, le boima ba 'mele li fihlile ho lithane tse 5,6. Lihlooho li ne li boetse li khahla: lehata la tarbosaurus le ne le le bolelele ba limithara tse 1,45, le skere e kholo ka ho fetisisa ea tyrannosaurus - 1,37 metres. Meno a mang a kang a nts'etsopele a bilikang a 15 cm a ne a le matla hoo a neng a ka tšoara phoofolo e hanang ka mafolofolo. Empa ha ho tsejoe hore na linatla tsee li hlile li ka lelekisa liphofu kapa li ne li le matla haholo ho feta seo. Mohlomong ba ile ba ja li-carrion kapa masala a liphofu tsa tse jang tse nyane, tseo ho neng ho se thata ho li leleka. Litlhako tse ka pele tsa seteishene sa dinosaur li ne li le khutšoane ebile li fokola, li ne li na le menoana e 'meli feela ho tsona. 'Me ho ile ha fumanoa monoana o moholo o nang le bophahamo ba cm cm 80 ka har'a tercinosaurus (mokho o bopehileng joaloka crescent) Empa ha ho tsejoe hore na monwana ona e ne e le ona feela le hore na phoofolo eohle e fihlile ka boholo bofe. Spinosaurus ea limithara tse 12 (spiny lizard) le eona e ne e e-na le pono e tsotehang. Ka morao, letlalo la hae le ne le otlolohile joalo ka sekepe se bophahamo ba limithara tse 1,8. Mohlomong sena se mo thusitse hore a tšose bahlabani le bahlolisani, kapa mohlomong e ne e le setsi sa ho futhumatsa pakeng tsa mmele le tikoloho.

“Letsoho le tšosang” le leholo e ne e le mang? Ho fihlela joale, ha re na monyetla oa ho nahana hore na leino le leholo le jang nama le ne le shebahala joang, ka bomalimabe ke masapo a matsoho le a ka morao feela a fumanoeng ho tla fihlela joale, ka bomalimabe nakong ea ha ho epuoa Mongolia. Empa bolelele ba forelimbs bo le bong e ne e le limithara tse peli le halofo, ke hore, e lekanang le bolelele ba bolelele bohle ba deinonychus kapa bolelele ba makhetlo a mane a bolelele ba eona. Ho ne ho e-na le liphaka tse tharo tse kholo letsohong le leng le le leng, ka thuso ea lona ho neng ho khona ho hlaba le ho rusolla phofu e kholo haholo. Ba maketse ke seo ba se fumaneng, bafuputsi ba Mapolishe ba ile ba reha dinosaur deinocheyrus, e bolelang "letsoho le lebe".

Haeba re nka papiso ea boholo ba setsi sa menoana ea mouoane, e nang le sebopeho se tšoanang le se ka pele, empa e le bolelele bo lekanang le makhetlo a mane, re ka nahana hore deinocheyrus e ne e le kholo ho feta bompoli! Barati le bafuputsi ba li-dinosaurs lefatseng ka bophara ba lebelletse ho fumana lipatlisiso tse ncha tsa masapo le ho hlakisoa ha sephiri se seholo sa "letsoho le tšosang".

Tarbosaurs, masala a teng karolong e ka boroa ea Lehoatata la Gobi, ke li-dinosaurs tse kholo. Bolelele ba 'mele oa bona bo ile ba fihla ho 10, le bophahamo ba limithara tse 3,5. Ba tsoma li-dinosaurs tse kholo tsa limela tsa limela. Tarbosaurs e ne e khetholloa ka boholo bo tsotehang ba lehata - ho ba baholo e ne e feta limithara tse 1.

Ho latela litsebi, dinosaur, eo sefahleho sa hae se ts'oeroeng se neng se batla ho rekisa, se phetse lefatšeng la rona limilione tse 50-60 tse fetileng.

Selemo se seng le se seng, litsebi tsa limela tsa Mongolia le liphetho tsa machabeng li fumana ho Gobi Boroa tsohle masala a macha a tarbozavra.

Ho tloha lilemong tsa pele tsa bo-1990, lipontšo tse joalo tse ikhethileng li ile tsa qala ho oela ka matla matsohong a poraefete. Ho latela mekhatlo ea molao e lumellang naha ea Mongolia, barekisi ba marang-rang ba ts'oasang lihlapi ba sebetsa ka tsela e seng molaong. Lilemong tsa morao tjena, liofisiri tsa lekhetho le mapolesa li emisitse liteko tse 'maloa tsa ho rekisa mahe le likarolo tsa masapo a dinosaur kantle ho naha.

Joale, 'me ke ofe ho barekisi ba rekoto eo re nang le bona sehlopheng sa li-Dinosaurs tsa metsing?

Moqhaka oa boima le boholo lelapeng la pliosaurs ke oa lyoplervodon. E ne e e-na le mapheo a matla a mane (a fihlang ho bolelele ba 3 m) le mohatla o mokhuts'oane, hamorao o hatelloa ho tloha mahlakoreng. Meno a maholo, a fihla ho 30 cm ka bolelele (mohlomong ho fihla ho 47 cm!), A potoloha ka sefapano. E fihletse bolelele ba limithara tse 15 ho isa ho 18. Bolelele ba lihahabi tsena bo ile ba fihla ho limithara tse 15. Liopleurodons li ile tsa fepa litlhapi tse kholo, li-ammonite hape tsa hlasela lihahabi tse ling tsa maoatleng. E ne e le lira tse ka sehloohong tsa Leoatle la Late Jurassic. Bala haholoanyane ka setsi sa dinosaur.

E hlalositsoe ke G. Savage ka 1873 leino le le leng ho tsoa libakeng tsa Late Jurassic tsa sebaka sa Boulogne-sur-Mer (Leboea la Leboea). Letlalo le fumanoe qetellong ea lekholo la bo19 la lilemo Peterborough, England. Ka nako e le 'ngoe, genus Liopleurodon e ne e kopantsoe le genus Pliosaurus (Pliosaurus). Liopleurodon e na le symphysis e khutšoanyane ea mohlahare o ka tlase le meno a fokolang ho feta pliosaurus. Ka bobeli genera e theha lelapa la Pliosauridae.

Liopleurodon ferox - mefuta ea mefuta. Bolelele bohle bo fihlile ho 25 metres. Bolelele ba lehata ke limithara tse 4. E ile ea lula matlong a polokelo a Europe leboea (England, France) le Amerika Boroa (Mexico). Liopleurodon pachydeirus (Callovian Europe), e tšoauoang ka sebopeho sa vertebrae ea popelo. Liopleurodon rossicus (aka Pliosaurus rossicus). E hlalositsoe ke lehata le batlang le felletse le tsoang ho Late Jurassic (mehla ea Titonia) ea sebaka sa Volga. Lehata le na le bolelele ba 1 - 1,2 m. Karoloana ea leqhubu la pliosaurus e kholo e tsoang liposong tse tšoanang e kanna ea ba tsa mofuta o le mong. Tabeng ena, lyopleurodon ea Russia e ne e se tlase ho mefuta ea Europe. Litopo li hlahella Setsing sa pokello ea nalane ea Paleontological, Moscow. Liopleurodon macromerus (aka Pliosaurus macromerus, Stretosaurus macromerus). Kimmeridge - Titone ea Europe le Amerika Boroa. Ponahalo e kholo haholo, bolelele ba lehata le fihlile ho 3 metres, bolelele bohle bo lokela ho tloha ho 15 ho isa ho 20 metres.

Liopleurodons e ne e le li-pliosaurs tse tloaelehileng - e nang le hlooho e kholo e tšesaane (bonyane 1/4 - 1/5 ea bolelele bohle), mapheo a mane a matla (a fihlang ho bolelele ba 3 m) le mohatla o mokhuts'oane, hamorao o ile oa hatelloa ho tloha mahlakoreng. Meno a maholo, a fihla ho 30 cm ka bolelele (mohlomong ho fihla ho 47 cm!), A potoloha ka sefapano. Malebela a mehlahare, meno a etsa mofuta oa "rosette". Nko ea ka ntle e ne e sa sebeletse ho phefumoloha - ha u sesa, metsi a kena ka linkong tse kahare (tse ka pele ho tse ka ntle) ebe o tsoa ka linkong tse kantle. Molatsoana oa metsi o ile oa feta ka har'a setho sa Jacobson, ka hona, "lydsurodon" ea "hlabolla" metsi. Sebōpuoa sena se ile sa phefumoloha ka hanong ha e oma. Liopleurodons li ile tsa qoela ka botebo le nako e telele. Ba sesa ka thuso ea lipulumo tse kholo, tseo ba ileng ba li emisa joalo ka mapheo a linonyana. Liopleurodons li ne li e-na le tšireletso e ntle - li ne li e-na le lipolanete tse matla tlas'a letlalo. Joalo ka pliosaurs tsohle, li-lyopleurodons li ne li le lerootho.

Ka 2003, mesaletsa ea mefuta ea liopleurodon ferox e ile ea fumanoa Mexico nakong e fetileng ea Jurassic. E fihletse bolelele ba limithara tse 15 ho isa ho 18. E ne e le motho e monyane. Matsoho a meno a moloraurodon o mong a ile a fumanoa masapong a hae. Ha a ahloloa ke likotsi tsena, motlhaseli a ka ba bolelele ba limithara tse 20, hobane meno a hae a ne a le bophara ba 7 cm le bolelele bo fetang 40 cm. Ka 2007, masale a limela tse ngata haholo tsa mofuta o sa tsejoeng a ile a fumanoa setulong sa Jurassic sa sehlekehleke sa polar sa Svalbard. Bolelele ba lihahabi tsena bo ile ba fihla ho limithara tse 15. Liopleurodons li ile tsa fepa litlhapi tse kholo, li-ammonite hape tsa hlasela lihahabi tse ling tsa maoatleng. E ne e le lira tse ka sehloohong tsa Leoatle la Late Jurassic.

Haele, ka ntho e kholo ka ho fetesisa e 'ngoe le e' ngoe, khetha eo u e ratang ka ho fetisisa bakeng sa borikhoe :-) Joale ka tse nyane ...

Ka 2008, Bo-rasaense ba ile ba sibolla lehata la e 'ngoe ea li-dinosaurs tse nyane tse neng li lula lefatšeng. Ho fumana sena ho ka thusa ho fumana karabo ea potso ea hore na hobaneng li-dinosaurs e kile ea e-ba limela tsa limela.

Lehata, le ka tlase ho lisenthimithara tse peli (bolelele ba lisenthimithara tse 5), e ne e le la konyana ea Heterodontosaurus, e neng e phela lilemo tse ka bang limilione tse 190 tse fetileng mme e ne e le lisenthimithara tse 6 le lisenthimithara tse 18 (hoo e ka bang lisenthimithara tse 46) ho tloha hloohong ntlheng ea mohatla.

Empa ka tekanyo e kholo, e ne e se boholo ba phoofolo e khahlileng bo-rasaense, empa meno a eona. Maikutlo a litsebi mabapi le hore na heterodontosaurus o ile a ja nama kapa limela li arotsoe. Likhalase tse bonojana, tseo boima ba tsona, ho latela The Telegraph, bo ka bapisoang le selefouno, li na le menoana e ka pele le meno a tloaelehileng a limela tsa limela bakeng sa ho sila lijo tsa semela. Ho ne ho na le monahano oa hore banna ba baholo ba na le mashano 'me ba a sebelisa ho loanela tlholisano bakeng sa sebaka, empa boteng ba bona ka khukhung bo hanana le khopolo ena. Ho ka etsahala hore, li-fangs tse joalo li ne li hlokahala bakeng sa tšireletso ho libatana.

Joale bo-rasaense ba sibolotseng phoofolo ba na le mohopolo oa hore heterodontosaurus e ntse e le phetoho ea ho iphetola hoa lintho ho tloha ho carnivore ho ea ho herbivore. Mohlomong e ne e le sebopuoa se makatsang, se iphepa ka bongata ho limela, empa se fapanyetsana le lijo ka likokoanyana, liphoofolo tse anyesang tse anyesang kapa tse anyesang.

Laura Porro, Ph.D. oa Univesithi ea Chicago, USA, o khothalelitse hore li-dinosaurs tsohle e ne e le tsa tlhaho: "Kaha heterodontosaurus ke e 'ngoe ea li-dinosaurs tsa pele ho ikamahanya le limela, e ka emela mohato oa phetoho ho tloha ho baholo-holo ba nama ea litloholo ho ba litloholo tse tlotsang ka botlalo. Lehata la hae le bontša hore li-dinosaurs tsohle tsa mofuta ona li ile tsa pholoha phetoho e joalo. ”

Li-fossils tsa Heterodontosaurus ha li fumanehe ka mokhoa o makatsang: ke tse peli feela tse fumanoeng tsa Afrika Boroa tsa batho ba baholo tse seng li tsebahala ho tla fihlela joale.

Laura Porro o ile a fumana karolo ea lehata le benyang la konyana e nang le mesaletsa e 'meli e meholo ea batho ba baholo nakong ea ha a epolla Cape Town ka bo-60s. Ngaka Richard Butler, setsebi sa pokello ea nalane ea nalane ea nalane ea nalane ea London, o hlalositse phumano eo e le ea bohlokoa haholo, kaha e fana ka monyetla oa ho ithuta hore na phoofolo ena e fetohile joang nakong ea kholo. Ho khahlisang, lihahabi tse ngata li fetola meno ho bophelo bohle ba tsona, ha heterodontosaurus e entse sena feela nakong ea kholo ea mmele, joalo ka liphoofolo tse anyesang.

E 'ngoe hape e nyane:

Empa ka selemo sa 2011, ho sibolloa ha mesaletsa e mecha ho ka supa ho ba teng hoa mefuta e nyane ka ho fetisisa lefats'eng har'a li-dinosaurs tsohle tse tsebahalang. Boholo ba sebopuoa se kang linonyana ka har'a masiba, a phetseng lilemo tse fetang limilione tse 100 tse fetileng, ha a fihle ho feta bolelele ba lisenthimithara tse 15,7.

Fossil, e hlahisitsoeng e le mofuta o mong oa lesapo le leng la molala, le fumanoang karolong e ka boroa ea Brithani, e ne e le bolelele ba limilimithara tse 7.1 feela. E ne e le oa lekhoba la batho ba baholo le neng le phela nakong ea Cretaceous Phula lilemo tse limilione tse 145-100 tse fetileng, ho latela khatiso ea hona joale ea Cretaceous Research, paleozoologist Univesithing ea Portsmouth Darren Naish.

Ho sibolloa hona ho lokela ho beha lenaneng la li-dinosaur tse nyane haholo lefatšeng tse ling tse kang dinosaur, tseo ho fihlela joale li bitsoang Anchiornis, ea neng a lula sebakeng seo hona joale se bitsoang China, lilemo tse limilione tse 160 ho isa ho 155 tse fetileng. Lesapo le sa tsoa fumanoa ke la moemeli oa li-maniraptoran, sehlopha sa li-dinosaurs tsa theropod tseo ho nahanoang hore ke baholo-holo ba khale ba linonyana tsa kajeno.

Ho ba le fosile e nang le vertebra e le 'ngoe feela letsohong, ho thata ho hakanya hantle hore na dinosaur e nyane e ne e ja eng le hore na e ne e na le boholo bofe.

Vertebra ha e na methapo ea methapo ea methapo, e bohale ebile e bulehile e sa koaleheng ho fihlela dinosaur e ba motho e moholo, ho ea ka Naish le mosebetsi-'moho le eena oa Univesithi ea Portsmouth, Steven Sweetmen. Sena se bolela hore dinosaur o ile a shoa e le phoofolo e moholo.

Empa ho bala bolelele ba li-dinosaur tse hakantsoeng ho tloha kholeng e le 'ngoe e ne e le mosebetsi o boima. Bafuputsi ba sebelisitse mekhoa e 'meli ho bona hore na maniraptoran e ne e le kholo hakae. Mokhoa oa pele o ne o kenyelletsa ho etsoa ha setšoantšo sa dijithale sa molala oa dinosaur, 'me joale bo-rasaense ba beha molala ona mohaleng oa moemeli ea tloaelehileng oa maniraptoran.

Mokhoa ona ke bonono ho feta saense, joalo ka Naish ha a ngola ho blog ea hae, Tetrapod Zoology, a bolela esale pele hore sena se ne se lokela ho khopisa bafuputsi ba bang. Mokhoa o fokolang oa lipalo, o sebelisitsoeng ho lekanya bolelele ba molala le torso ea li-dinosaurs tse ling tse amanang, o ile oa sebelisoa ho fumana bolelele bo bocha ba maniraptoran. Mekhoa ena ka bobeli e lebisitse lipalo tse latelang - lisenthimithara tse 13,7 (lisentimitara tse 33-50), joalo ka Naish a hlokometse.

Sesebelisoa se secha sa dinosaur ha se na lebitso la semmuso mme se kolobelitsoe ka lebitso la bosoasoi la Ashdown ho tlotla sebaka seo se sibolotsoeng ho sona. Haeba ho ka etsahala hore Ashdown dino e tla ba sejoana se senyenyane ka ho fetisisa se tlalehiloeng, o tla hlakola rekoto ea sejoana se senyenyane ka ho fetisisa Amerika Leboea se seng se tsebahala, se ka ba bolelele ba lisenthimithara tse 15. Sesebelisoa sena sa dino, Hesperonychus elizabethae, e ne e le sebapali sa ho phekola mokokotlo a ena le sefahleho se bobebe se sentsoeng menoaneng ea hae. Bophahamo ba hae e ne e ka ba maoto le halofo (cm) mme a le boima ba lik'hilograma tse 'ne.

Ka bo-1970 matsatsing a Upper Triassic e Newfoundland (Canada) sekoti se nyane se ile sa siuoa ke motho, se seholo ho feta mofufutso. Sebopeho sa menoana ke mokhoa o tloaelehileng bakeng sa li-dinosaurs tse khahlisang tsa nako eo. Khatiso ena ke ea setho se senyenyane haholo sa mofuta oa li-dinosaur tse kileng tsa fumanoa Lefatšeng. Leha ho le joalo, ha ho tsejoe hore na motho ea tlohileng letšoao o ne a ka ba lilemo life - motho e moholo kapa konyana.

Mme re tla hopola e 'ngoe ea liphetolelo Li-dinosaurs li shoele joang?, hape u hopole hore na ke bo-mang ba joalo Sesebelisoa sa dinosaur tsa pocket le potso, e amanang ka ho toba le sehlooho sa rona sa hona joale - Ke eng e ileng ea tla pele, lehe kapa khoho?

Tlanya ea Ponahalo

Li-sauropod tsohle e ne e le li-dinosaurs tse kholo. Tse kholo ka ho fetisisa li fihlile bolelele ba limithara tse 32, le tse nyane ho fihla ho 6 metres. 'Mele ea bona e ne e shebahala joaloka' mele oa litlou ho feta 'mele ea liphiri: Maoto a maholo a maholo,' mele o bopehileng ka mpeng, o na le mpa e telele e metenya, melala e melelele le mehatla e meholohali. Li-sauropods li ne li lekana le thuhlo. Li-sauropods tse ling li ne li e-na le lipolanete tsa bony tse neng li atoloha holim 'a phoofolo kaofela, ka lebaka lena, li-sauropod tsena li ne li sa khone ho phahamisa melala ea tsona, li ja makhasi a lihlahla le a lifate tse nyane. Ba bang, ho fapana le hoo, ntle le lipoleiti tsa masapo li ne li ka fihla holim 'a lifate. Molala ka boeona e ne e le polasetiki e ngata, o khona ho potoloha likhato tse 40-50. Li ne li sena linko tse kholo haholo. Meno a manyane, a na le "putty-like".