Hawk Buzzard - Letšoao la Botastur

Nonyana e kholo (mapheo a ka bang mita), e ts'oanang le phofshoana, empa e na le mohatla o molelele le metsero e bohale ho mohatla le masiba, ntle le matheba a lefifi ho tloha ka tlase lesakeng la lepheo.

'Metso e tšoeu ka' mala o molelele o lefifi, mpa e le sootho ka metsero e bobebe e fetohang, lehloba la mahlo hangata le tšoeu. Holim'a sefuba, hangata ho na le kerese e pharalletseng e lefifi (ho fapana le likhokahano [148-152]). Ho linonyana tse nyane, lehlakore le nang le moea le bobebe le na le mela e melelele ka mahlakoreng le sefubeng. Ha e fofa, lehlakore le ka morao la lepheo le shebahala le otlolohile, eseng e le selikalikoe, joaloka ntsu e koetsoeng. Ho fofa hangata ho phaphamala. Hangata o lula makaleng a omileng a lifate tse telele.

E lula merung e kopaneng le e matla naheng e ka boroa ea Primorye le Amur. Likokoanyana lifateng tse nang le boea ba joang bo botala le makhasi, ka har'a mahe a 3-4 a tšoeu a nang le matheba a bofubelu. E fepa ka lihohoana, linoha, litoeba, likokoanyana. Lentsoe le tšoana le sello sa buzzard, empa sea lisa.

Lilemong tsa morao tjena, e se e fumaneha seoelo ebile e thathamisitsoe ho Red Book of Russia.

7. 1. 7. Mofuta Osoedy - Pernis

Linonyana tse kholo tse nang le mohatla o molelele, eseng bophara bo boholo haholo le mapheo a sephara (mapheo a fihlang ho limithara tse le ngoe le halofo). Ha sefofane, 'mala o koala hanyane. Masiba a mantlha ka tlase a lefifi ka ho phethahetseng ntle le metsero, a bobebe haholo ka malebela a lefifi. Mebala e fapana haholo, ka hona ka linako tse ling ho ba thata ho khetholla linonyana tsena ho linonyana le li-buzzard [135-139]. Ho fofa ho fofa ka mohala o mokhuts'oane, mapheo a katiloe hanyane ka lere le ka pele.

Nest ea lifate tse morung o molelele o melelele o motona. Sehlaha se nang le makhasi a makala a nang le makhasi a tala, ka har'a kharafu ea li-1-2 tse khanyang, tse khubelu ka mahe a masoeu.

Li iphepa ka bohloa le bo-maleshoane, tseo li fumanehang ka ho lekola likokoanyana tse fofang. Li na le litsebe tse mamelang haholo 'me li khetholla ka mokhoa o hlakileng ho tsitsipana ha bo khutlela sehlaheng sa eona le nama e tsoang leseling le fofang. Lihlaha tsa boea tse fatše li ntse li chekoa, li siea litšobotsi tse etsahalang. Ka lebaka la likarolo tse nang le phepo e nepahetseng, mahe a beoa kamora nako e telele ho feta tse jang tse ling (li-wasps le li-larvae tsa tsona e ba lijo tse ngata feela hlabula). Bokaholimo ba molomo le letlalo ho potoloha mahlo li koahetsoe ka masiba a manyane a kang a scaly ho itšireletsa khahlanong le litšila. Nako le nako, lihoho le litoeba lia tšoaroa. Lentsoe ke lentsoe le khuts'oane le hlakileng.

Ho la Russia, tse peli ho thata ho khetholla mefuta e fallang.

Habitat

Hawk Buzzard (Letšoao la Butastur) e abetsoe Asia Bochabela - Japane, China Leboea, Russia ho Primorye bophirima ho ea Lesser Khingan, leboea ho isa molomong oa Burei. Hawk buzzard ke nonyana e fallang mariha e lula mariha Asia Boroa-bochabela le ka palo e nyane lihlekehlekeng tsa Indo-Australia.

Ponahalo

Ena ke nonyana e boholo bo mahareng (bolelele ba mapheo a 31-34 cm), e nang le mapheo a malelele le a sephara, mohatla o molelele o otlolohileng, ka bolelele, bakeng sa karolo e bolelele, e sa koaeloang, e koahetsoeng ka lithebe tse nyane tsa tarsus, ka menoana e metelele le mealo. Tse tona le tse tšehali tse tšehali li-hawk buzzard le tsona li na le 'mala o sootho, ka lehlakoreng le bosoala le fofa le mohatla, hlooho e putsoa, ​​lehlakore le bosoeu bo nang le mmala o sootho o sootho molaleng le metsero e sootho e sootho sefubeng le mpa. Melomo le menoana ea linonyana tsena li ntšo, 'mala oa iris, waxen le maoto ke mosehla.

Phepo e Ntle le Ho Tsoala

Hawk Buzzard e bolokiloe merung e matla kapa e tsoakiloeng, e kenelletseng ka libaka tse bulehileng, e khetha libaka tse haufi le mokhoabo kapa matangoana, ka lebaka la hore lijo tsa eona tse ka sehloohong ke li-amphibians. Ntle le moo, buzzard e ja mekholutsoane, linoha, litoeba tse nyane.

Lihlaha tsa Hawk buzzard lifateng. Clutch ea mahe a tšoeu a 2-4, mathoasong a Mots'eanong. Lintlha tsa ho ikatisa ha li utloisisoe hantle.

Litšisinyeho tsa ho ba teng

Ona ke mofuta o sa tloaelehang o nang le meeli e fokolang. Ka li-30- 40s. lekholong lena la lilemo, e ne e le pono e tloaelehileng ea Primorye. Lilemong tse mashome tsa morao tjena, e se e fumaneha seoelo lefatšeng ka bophara. Phokotso ea lipalo e etsahala ka lebaka la phetoho ea libaka tsa bolulo (ho senngoa ha meru, mollo oa mollo), thunya e seng molaong ea linonyana libakeng tsa nesting, mme, mohlomong, ho thunya nakong ea ho falla le mariha ho Fr. Taiwan le Philippines, haholo-holo ka. Taiwan ka 60s selemo le selemo ho halika likokoana-hloko tsa hawk tse sekete.

Mefuta: Letšoao la Butastur = Hawk Buzzard

SARYCH HAWK (Tšoaetso ea Butastur) e ajoa Asia Bochabela - Japane, China Leboea, Russia ho Primorye bophirima ho ea Lesser Khingan, leboea ho isa molomong oa sefefo. Hawk buzzard ke nonyana e boholo bo mahareng (bolelele ba mapheo a 31-34 cm), e nang le mapheo a malelele le a sephara, mohatla o molelele o otlolohileng, o nang le bolelele, bakeng sa karolo e telele ka ho fetisisa, e sa koaheloang, e koahetsoeng ka lithaele tse nyane tsa scute, ka menoana e mekhutšoanyane le manala. Tse tona le tse tšehali tsa hawk buzzard le tsona li na le 'mala, li sootho ka lehlakoreng la bosoala le fofa le metala e metala, hlooho e putsoa, ​​lehlakore le bosoeu bo nang le mmala o sootho ka' mala le 'mala o sootho ka sefubeng le mpa. Linonyana tse nyane tsa Hawk buzzard seaparong sa pele sa selemo le selemo li na le sootho ka lehlakoreng la banyane, tse butsoitseng ka lehlakoreng le le leng le nang le sebopeho se selelele se sootho sefubeng, mpa le masiba a tibia, a na le matheba a sootho ka mahlakoreng. Masiba hlooho ka meeli e khanyang. Molomo le manala a sootho, mookoli, wax le maoto ke mosehla. Hawk buzzard e lula merung e makatsang kapa e tsoakiloeng, e kenelletse ka libaka tse bulehileng, e khetha libaka tse haufi le mokhoabo kapa matangoana, ka lebaka la hore li-amphibians ke lijo tsa eona tse ka sehloohong. Ntle le moo, buzzard e ja mekholutsoane, linoha, litoeba tse nyane. Lihlaha tsa Hawk buzzard lifateng. Clutch ea mahe a tšoeu a 2-4, mathoasong a Mots'eanong. Lintlha tsa ho ikatisa ha li utloisisoe hantle. Hawk buzzard ke nonyana e fallang mariha e lula mariha Asia Boroa-bochabela le ka palo e nyane lihlekehlekeng tsa Indo-Australia.

Habitat

Mefuta e sa tloaelehang e nang le sebaka se lekanyelitsoeng se kenang Russia ka nqa ea leboea. Bolelele ba mapheo ke 300-330 mm. Sebaka sa meru e hole haholo ea Bochabela.

Ho jaleha. Russia, lihlaha tsa Primorye le libaka tse ka boroa ho Setereke sa Amur, ka bophirimela ho phula ea noka. Bureya. Ho ea leboea haufi le phula ea noka. Cupid e ajoa molomong oa noka. Gorin. Mefuta le matsoapong a ka bochabela a lehakoe. Sikhote-Alin ho ea Terney Bay le Sehlekehlekeng sa Popov se Peter the Great Bay. Linonyana li lula haholo merung liphuleng (1,2). E tsamaisoa Amerika Leboea-bochabela, Hloahloeng ea Korea le Japane (3).

Palo. Ka bo-30s - 40s. lekholong lena la lilemo e ne e le pono e tloaelehileng ea Primorye. Lilemong tse mashome tsa morao tjena, e se e fumaneha seoelo lefatšeng ka bophara. Ha ho na lintlha tse qaqileng ka palo eo (1,4,5).

Lintho tse fokotsang. Phokotso ea lipalo e etsahala ka lebaka la phetoho ea libaka tsa bolulo (ho senngoa ha meru, mollo oa mollo), thunya e seng molaong ea linonyana libakeng tsa nesting, mme, mohlomong, ho thunya nakong ea ho falla le mariha ho Fr. Taiwan le Philippines, haholo-holo ka. Taiwan ka bo-60s Ho ne ho tsongoa litsomi tse ka bang sekete selemo le selemo (6).

Mehato ea ts'ireletso. Maikutlo a thathamisitsoe ho Sehlomathiso II ho Kopano ea CITES. Palo ea baahi e lokela ho etsoa le libaka tsa tsoaliso li lokela ho ithutoa ho theha libaka tse sirelelitsoeng.

Mehloli ea tlhaiso-leseling: 1. Vorobiev, 1954, 2. Kistyakovsky, Smogorzhevsky, 1972, 3. Stepanyan, 1975, 4. Spangenberg, 1965, 5. Nazarenko (puisano ea motho ka mong), 6. Severinghaus, 1970. E ngotsoe ke V. A Nechaev.

Matšoao a kantle a buzzard

Hawk buzzard e na le boholo ba lisenthimithara tse 46 le mapheo a bolelele ba 101 - 110. Boima ba eona ke 375 - 433 gr.

Hawk Buzzard (sesupo sa Butastur)

Phoofolo ena e jang nama e bohareng e na le sebopeho se boreleli haholo, e na le mmele o fokolang, mapheo a malelele, mohatla o molelele le maoto a manyane. Bophahamo ba masiba a linonyana tsa batho ba baholo a sootho ka holimo, empa a shebahala a le bokhubelu mahlaseling a khanya. Mabone a tsoang holimo a na le masepa a manyane a litlolo tse ntšo le tse kholo tsa 'mala o mosoeu oa boholo bo fapaneng. Bokaholimo ba phatla, mohono, mahlakore a hlooho, molala le karolo e kaholimo ea seaparo li boholo ba bohlooho. Mmala oa plumage o fapana ho tloha ho sootho ho ea ho sootho ka mmala o moputsoa ka mebala e meraro e metšo. Masiba ohle a netefatsang a mantlha a sootho.

Ho na le letheba le lesoeu ka morao hloohong, 'mala o mosoeu o teng ntlheng ea phatla. 'Metso e tšoeu ka ho felletseng, empa methapo ea methapo le ea morao e lefifi. Ho na le metsero e tšoeu e tšoeu le e sootho sefubeng, mpa, liphokojoe le thekeng. Masiba ohle a tlas'a mohatla a batla a soeufetse. Bophahamo ba masiba a malinyane a li-hawzzards tse nyane a na le metsero e sootho ka leseli le bokhubelu ba lithane tse putsoa le tse khubelu. Phatla e tšoeu, e na le lintja tse lintši holim 'a marama le linara tse boreleli tse bonojoang.

Ho linonyana tse kholo, iris e mosehla. Voskovitsa e mosehla - 'mala oa lamunu, maoto a' mala o mosehla. Malinyane a manyenyane a na le mookoli o sootho kapa o motala o mosehla. Wax mosehla.

Hawk buzzard e lula merung e kopaneng ea li-conifers le lifate tse nang le makhasi a mangata

Habitat Buzzard Habitat

Hawk buzzard e lula merung e kopaneng ea li-conifers le lifate tse nang le makhasi a pharaletseng, hammoho le merung e bulehileng e haufi. E etsahala haufi le linōka kapa haufi le maratsoana le liphokojoe tsa peat. E itukisetsa ho lula sebakeng se thata, har'a lithaba, matsoapong a lithaba tse tlase le liphuleng.

Bosiu masimong a raese, libakeng tse nang le sekoahelo se setle sa moru le lithoteng tse nang le meru e sa tebang. E hlaha libakeng tse se nang mabota a tlase le lebopong la leoatle. E pharalla ho tloha bophahamong ba leoatle ho isa ho 1,800 metres kapa 2,000 metres.

Tsamaiso ea "bukzard" ea hawk

Hawk buzzard ke letsoalloa la k'honthinente ea Asia. Nakong ea selemo le lehlabula e sebakeng se bitsoang "Pale Paletiki ea Bochabela". E lula Bochabela bo Hōle ba Russia ho ea Manchuria (profinse ea Chaena ea Heilongkiang, Liaoning le Hebei). Tšimo ea Nesting e tsoela pele ka leboea ho hloahloa ea Korea le Japane (bohareng ba Sehlekehleke sa Honshu, hammoho le Shikoku, Kyushu le Izushoto).

Li-buzzards li etsa lifofane tse telele tse chitja qalong ea nako ea lihlaha

Phokojoe ea hawk e mariha ka boroa ho China ho Taiwan, linaheng tseo pele e neng e le Indochina, ho kenyeletsa Burma, Thailand, Peninsula ea Mala, Lihlekehleke tse Kholo tsa Sunda ho ea Sulawesi le Philippines. Leha ho na le sebaka se pharaletseng sa ho ajoa, mofuta ona o nkuoa e le monotypique mme ha se mofuta oa subspecies.

Litšobotsi tsa boitšoaro ba hawk buzzard

Liphooko tsa Hawk li lula li le ling kapa ka bobeli nakong ea lihlaha kapa nakong ea mariha. Ha ba le tseleng, ka boroa ho Japane, ba bopa linonyana tse makholo a 'maloa kapa tse likete tse bokanang litsing tsa phomolo kapa libakeng tsa phomolo. Li-buzzards li tsamaea ka lihlopha tse nyane nakong ea selemo le ka lihlopha tse kholo ka hoetla. Linonyana tsena li tloha libakeng tsa tsona tsa bohlaha ho tloha bohareng ba Lwetse ho isa mathoasong a Mphalane, li fofa ka nqa ea boroa ho Japane, lihlekehleke tsa Nansei 'me li leba Taiwan, Philippines le Sulawesi ka ho toba. Ho hlahisoa ha bukzard ea hawk.

Likoloi tsa Hawk qalong ea nako ea lihlaha li etsa lifofane tse telele tse chitja li le ling kapa ka bobeli.

Li tsamaea le metsamao moeeng li lla khafetsa. Merero e meng ea mofuta ona oa nonyana e jang nama ha e bonoe.

Hawk buzzard e haha ​​sehlaha ka bolelele ba limithara tse 5 ho isa ho tse 12 kaholimo ho lefatše

Ho buoa ka mofuta oa Hawk ho tloha ka Mots'eanong ho fihlela Phupu. Ba aha sehlaha se itekanetseng makhasi, makala le linako tse ling tsa lehlaka. Bophara ba mohaho bo fapana ka lisentimitara tse 40 ho isa ho tse 50. Ka hare ho eona ho na le lekhalo la makhasi a matala, joang, linale tsa phaene, mela ea makhapetla. Sehlaha se sebakeng se phahameng lipakeng tsa limithara tse 5 ho isa ho tse 12, hangata sefateng se kopaneng kapa se lulang se le setala. E tšehali e behela mahe a 2-4 mme e kenella matsatsing a 28 ho isa ho a 30. Linonyana tse nyane li tloha sehlaheng kamora matsatsi a 34 kapa a 36.

Feeling hawk buzzard

Litsuonyana tsa Hawk li fepa haholo ka lihoho, mekholutsoane le likokoanyana tse kholo. Linonyana li tsoma libakeng tse mongobo le libakeng tse omeletseng. E fepa ka linoha tse nyane, makhala le litoeba. Hlokomela liphofu tse tsoang mokatong oa ho bona, o hlophisitsoeng sefateng se omileng kapa polelong ea telegraph, e bonesitsoeng ke khanya ea letsatsi. Ho tloha moo ho lalehelang ho ea fatše ho ea tšoara phofu. Ba mafolofolo hoseng le mantsiboea.

Hawk Buzzard e batla phofu ea eona

Mabaka a ho fokotseha ha palo ea hawk buzzard

Bongata ba Hawk buzzard bo fetohile haholo. Lekholong la ho qetela la lilemo, mofuta ona oa linonyana tse jang nama nokeng ea Primorye Boroa o ne o nkuoa o le monyane haholo. Ebe Hawk buzzard butle-butle e hasana sebakeng sa Ussuri Teronkong e ka tlaase ea Amur le Korea. Keketseho ea baahi e tsamaisoa feela ke nts'etsopele e matla ea Bochabela bo Holimo ba Russia, e lebisitseng ho hlaha ha maemo a matle bakeng sa ho hlahisoa ha kokoanyana. Sena se ne se nolofalitsoe ke keketseho ea palo ea batho ba nyane le ho fumaneha ha libaka tse loketseng ho lisa - meru e phahameng e nang le likoporasi, makhulo, pepesi le makhulo.

Lilemong tsa pele tsa 70s ho bile le phokotso e atileng ea palo ea linonyana tse jang nama, e bakoang ke ts'ebeliso ea meriana e bolaeang likokonyana.

Mohlomong ho thunngoa ha linonyana nakong ea ha nako ea ho falla ho boetse ho ameha.

Leha ho le joalo, esita le Japane, moo ho nang le lipatlisiso tse ngata ka biology ea hawk buzzard, tlhaiso-leseling ka palo ea batho ba mefuta le lihlopha tse fapaneng tsa baahi ha e fumanehe. Lenane la linonyana tse likete tse 'maloa le ile la fumanoa ka boroa Kuyshu mathoasong a Mphalane. Kamora data e sa felletseng, boholo ba sebaka ke likhilomitara tse 1 800,000 mme palo ea linonyana ka kakaretso, leha e fokotseha, e feta batho ba 100,000.

Hawk buzzard e thathamisitsoe ho Sehlomathiso sa 2 CITES. Mofuta ona o sirelelitsoe ke Annex 2 ea Seboka sa Bonn. Ntle le moo, ho boletsoe Sehlomathisong sa litumellano tse kopanetsoeng ke Russia le Japan, Rephabliki ea Korea le DPRK mabapi le ts'ireletso ea linonyana tse fallang. Baahi ba khubung ea naha ba boemong bo sithabetsang; naheng ea Japane, buzzard e maemong a matle.

Haeba u fumana phoso, ka kopo khetha sekhechana sa mongolo ebe o tobetsa Ctrl + Kena.