Boreleli ba lamunu | |||||||||
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Boreleli ba lamunu | |||||||||
Sehlopha sa mahlale | |||||||||
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Lebitso la machaba la mahlale | |||||||||
Perca flavescens (Mitchill, 1814) Boreleli ba lamunu, kapa li-bass tsa Amerika (lat. Perca flavescens), ke mofuta oa litlhapi tse khabisitsoeng ka metsi a hloekileng tse tsoang ka har'a lelapa tsa li-perch (Percidae). Ka kakaretso e ts'oana le li-perch tsa noka (Perca fluviatilis), empa e fapana le eona ka boholo bo nyane, molomo o sephara le 'mala o mosehla, ho fapana le makhopho a' mala o mofubelu oa houddal, anal le ventral. Mofuta ona o haufi haholo le bass ea noka hoo bafuputsi ba bang ba e nkang e le litlatsetso tsa morao-rao, e leng taba eo Perca fluviatilis flavescens. Kinship ea mefuta ena e boetse e tiisoa ke taba ea hore, ha e nyalisitsoe, e ka hlahisa bana ba ka sebetsang le ho hola ka potlako. PonahaloBolelele ba tlhapi e tsofetseng e tsoa ho cm 10 ho isa ho 25, 'me boima ba eona e ho fihlela ho 500. Rekoto e tlalehiloeng ka molao ea lefats'e ke boima ba 1,91 kg, e ts'oeroeng ka 1865 Nokeng ea Delaware (USA). E tšehali batho ba baholo hangata e kholo ho feta e tona. E pentiloe ka lithane tse bosehla bo botala: mokokotlo o botala bo lefifi, 'me o fetotsoe ho batho ba bang ho ea putsoa khauta, mahlakore a mosehla, a' mala o mosehla kapa o botala bo boputsoa, o nang le metsero e lefifi e emeng a le 90, mpa e tšoeu kapa (ka seoelo) khanya e bobebe . Ho banna, nakong ea ho hlaha, 'mala oa khanya le ho feta,' me mapheoana a anal le a ka hare ho nakoana a ba le 'mala o bofubelu ba' mala oa lamunu. 'Mele oa' mala o mosehla o liretse ka karolo ea sefapano, mohala o ts'oanang o na le litekanyo tse 57-62, 'mala oa dorsal o na le mela e 12-13, mme anal anal 7-8. Hlooho e harelane hanyane ka mor'a mahlo, e fana ka maikutlo a ho tsoma, marama a koahetsoe ka mela e 8-10 ea likala tse telele. Ho jalehaMofuta ona o tloaelehile Amerika Leboea ho tloha leboea-bochabela ho Canada ho ea leboea-bophirima United States, ho pholletsa le Canada bohareng le boroa, sebakeng sa Great Lakes, ho ea profinseng ea Amerika Boroa ho United States. Hape, mofuta ona o ile oa rarolloa ke batho Amerika Boroa-bophirima le Borithane ba Brithani ka bophirima ho Canada. Palese e putsoa ke mefuta e ikatisang ea tikoloho: e lula linōkeng tse phallang ka potlako le matangoaneng a matangoana le matša, empa kae kapa kae, e leka ho lula har'a limela tsa metsing. Shark e tšoeuMotho e mong le e mong oa tseba hore na shaka e tšoeu e tšoeu ke eng, empa ke ba 'maloa feela ba tsebang hore e na le lebitso le leng, e leng Karharodon. Ha se feela shaka e kholo ka ho fetisisa, empa hape e na le tšollo ea mali ho feta baemeli bohle ba mofuta ona. Motho e moholo a ka hola ho fihla ho 8 metres. Batho ba bangata ba e bitsa "lefu le tšoeu" hobane liphofu tsena hangata li hlasela batulla. LikhoeleAnchovy ke tlhapi e nyane e tsamaeang ka metsing ea leoatle, e nang le herring, e nang le nama e nang le oli e ngata le tatso e tšoanang le sardine. E fihla bolelele ba 20 cm, mme e boima ho fihlela ho ligrama tse 190. Sebaka sa li-anchovie ke leoatle le metsi a hloekileng a libaka tse futhumetseng le tse chesang tse mongobo, ho kenyelletsa Leoatle le Letšo, Leoatle la Azov le Leoatle la Japane. Libakeng tsa ho tlosa li-anchovies li jeoa li le ncha, li tsebahala ka foromo ea makotikoti. Mullet (Sultanka)Mofuta oa litlhapi tse tsoang lelapeng la moqomo. E ka ba bolelele ba lisenthimithara tse 45. Li-tendon tse peli tse telele tse leketlileng ka har'a sehokelo sa lesoba le khubelu li sebeletsa ho hlohlelletsa lehlabathe la leoatle le ho hlahisa lijo. Litlhapi tsena li lula leoatleng le Letšo, la Mediterranean, la Azov hammoho le maoatleng a Pacific le India. Ho latsoa gourmet e ngata le litlhapi tse loileng, nama e na le tatso e ntle haholo. O boetse o ananeloa ka mafura a hae a khethehileng, ao a futsitsoeng le 'ona. E boreleli haholo, ebile e le tšimoloho ebile e na le monko o monate. ChubLitlhapi tsa lelapa la carp. E fihla bolelele ba lisenthimithara tse 80 le boima ba ligrama tse 5 kapa ho feta. E fumanoa linokeng tse nang le phallo e potlakileng le e bohareng, li-rows, whirlpools le metsi a batang ka mokhoa o hlakileng. Chub e lutse ho li-rapid - ka tlasa marang-rang, ka tlas'a litselana tsa majoe, ka tlas'a mapangoana a sitsoeng ke letsatsi, mafikeng, lihlahla tse metseng le lifate, li bokella likokoanyana tse oeleng ka metsing, li rata lipalesa tsa lipalesa. E khetholloa ke hlooho e teteaneng, e sephara, e boreleli hanyane (eo e rehelletsoeng ka eona), 'mele o batlang o le cylindrical le sekaleng. Ka morao ho chub ke botala bo lefifi, bo batla bo le bosootho, likhutlo li na le sephara se nang le tinge e botala. Chub e ja likokoanyana tse moeeng, malinyane a crayfish, tlhapi le lihoho. Salmon e putsoaLitlhapi tsa lelapa la Salmon. Lebitso la bobeli la tlhapi ena ke salmon e pinki. DoradoLitlhapi tsa lelapa la ba babeli, li abeloa haholo libakeng tse chesang tse mongobo le maoatle a haufi le leoatle. Ke ea lelapa la perch mme ke setho se haufi ka ho fetesisa. Ho ile ha fanoa ka lebitso la ruff hobane o ile a senya liphooko tsa hae kaofela ha a bona kotsi. Ke ea litlhapi tse fapaneng tsa perch, tse bonolo le tse haellang, li-fins li kopantsoe e le 'ngoe. 'Mele oa ruff o mokhuts'oane, o monyane, o intsoe ka mahlakoreng a ona. Li-squffy ruff li nyane haholo. Letlalo le na le bongata bo boholo ba mucus. CatfishLitlhapi tsa lelapa la litlhapi tsa metsing tsa Anarhichadiae tsa percussion, tse lulang metsing a ka leboea a Atlantic le Pacific Oceans, moo mocheso oa metsi o sa phahame ka holimo ho likhato tse 14. Chunfishfish e fumaneha lebopong la Amerika Leboea, ho tloha California ho ea Alaska, e leng tlhapi e hole le Leboea e fumaneha Leoatleng le ka bophirima la Leoatle la Pacific, e leng "catfish" e fumanehang Leoatleng la Atlantic le ka leboea. lebopong la Engelane le Ireland (ka seoelo Gulf of Finland). FlounderFlounder - litlhapi tsa leoatleng, e leng tsa lelapa la flatfish. Mmele o boreleli o matla, hammoho le mahlo a ka lehlakoreng le le leng la litlhapi, ke liphapang tsa eona tse peli tse ka sehloohong. Hangata mahlo a ka lehlakoreng le letona. 'Mele oa motho ea bilikang o tšoana le' mala o habeli: lehlakore le na le mahlo a bosootho bo 'mala o mosehla,' me le "foufetse" le le tšoeu, le bohale ha le na libaka tse lefifi. Flounder e ja li-crustaceans le litlhapi tse tlase. Li-catches tsa khoebo, bolelele ba tsona bo fihla cm 35- 40. Matla a ho tsofala a lifofane tsa batho ba baholo a tloha mahe a likete tse makholo ho isa ho limilione tse leshome. CrucianCarp ea Crucian ke tlhapi ea lelapa la carp. Finors ea dorsal e telele, meno a pharyngeal ha a na mola. Mmele o molelele ka mokokotlo o teteaneng, o hatelletse haholo ka morao. Methapo e meholo ebile e boreleli ha e tšoaroa. Mebala e fapana ka libaka. Goldfish e ka fihlela bolelele ba 'mele e fetang 50 cm le boima bo fetang 3 kg, carp ea crucian hangata e ka ba bolelele ba 40 cm mme e boima ho fihlela ho 2 kg, leha ho le joalo, batho ka bomong ho fihlela ho 60 cm le boima ba ho fihlela ho 7-8 kg ba fumanoa, ho latela sebaka le maemo. ho fepa litlhapi. Carp e putsoa e fihla lilemong tsa bocha tsa selemo sa 3-4. Ho mela nakong ea selemo le mathoasong a lehlabula, mahe (ho fihlela ho likete tse 300) a behiloe limela. Libakeng tse futhumetseng haholo, batho ba tsamaeang ka sekepe ba oela hibernation, ha ba ntse ba emisa ho bata hohle ha seretse ho ea tlase. Carp e batla e tšoana le crucian, haholo-holo lilemong tse nyane. Empa ha li ntse li hola, liphapang li totobala haholoanyane - carp e ba kholo, e sephara ebile e telele. Carp ea batho ba baholo e na le sebopeho sa cylindrical. Melomo e tšoana le 'mila, e boreleli ebile e mafolofolo. 'Mala oa carp ea noka o motle haholo - likala ke khauta e lefifi, hangata e na le' mala o moputsoa haufi le khabiso, le khauta e bobebe ka tlase. Chelete e pharaletse ebile e otlolohile ka morao. Mohatla oa carp o bofubelu bo lefifi, 'me makhulo a tlase hangata a pherese e lefifi. Keta ke tlhapi e khubelu e ferekanyang e phela hang ha e qeta ho phela; Boholo ba lihlahisoa tsa chum bo qalile li le lilemo li 4 ho isa ho tse 6. MulletMullet ke tlhapi e nyane ea khoebo (hoo e ka bang lisentimitara tse 60) e lulang metsing a leoatle le a futhumetseng a leoatle lohle a futhumetseng le a futhumetseng, mefuta e 'maloa ea mullet e fumanoa metsing a macha a libaka tse futhumetseng tsa Amerika, Madagascar, Asia Boroa-bochabela, Australia le New Zealand. Naheng ea USA, moo mullet e tšoarelisoang haholo lebopong la Florida, mefuta ea eona e mmedi e atile haholo: metsero e metala, eo Russia e bitswang loban, le mullet e tshweu. SenyaMosi ke tlhapi ea lelapa la salmon, e nang le molomo o moholo ho feta, molomo o molelele o tlase, meno a mangata le a maholo mme sekhahla se senyane, pheleu ea dorsal e qala e se ka pele ho mapheoana a ts'ebetso, joalo ka bosoeu bo bofubelu, empa ka morao, mola oa morao o sa phetheha. Litlhapi ka bobeli li fapana ho fapana ka boholo, 'me ke tsa mofuta o le mong. RuddE 'ngoe ea mefuta ea litlhapi tsa metsi a hloekileng a lelapa la Karpov, tatellano ea li-cyprinids. E nkoa e le tlhapi e atileng haholo ea letšeng, kaha e fumanoa hohle, ntle le matša a khale le a mangata. Lin ke eena feela setho sa mofuta Tinca. O thermophilic haholo ebile ha a sebetse hantle. Tench e hola hanyane ka hanyane mme hangata e khomarela tlase. Sebaka sa eona sa tikoloho ke sebaka se lebopong la leoatle. Tench ha se lebitso feela, ke tšobotsi, hobane tlhapi ena e ne e rehiloe lebitso ka lebaka la bokhoni ba ho fetola mmala ha e pepesoa moea. Ho joalokaha eka oa qhibiliha, koena e koahelang e qala ho fifala, 'me matheba a lefifi a hlaha' meleng. Kamora nakoana, mongoa ona oa tsoa, 'me sebakeng sena ho hlaha matšoaoa a' mala o mosehla. Re lokela ho hlokomela hore lefatšeng ho boetse ho na le mefuta e tlotsitsoeng ka mokhoa o khabisitsoeng - tench ea khauta. Litlhapi tsa lelapa. Ho tsamaea ka litlolo kamehla ho tšoana le mohlape oa likhantšo tse hlaha tse etelletsoeng pele ke moetapele ea nang le boiphihlelo. SalemoneE tsebahala haholo har'a li-gourological gourmet ho potoloha lefatše. Hoa tsebahala hore e ne e se e le Mehleng e Bohareng, litlhapi tsa salmon li ne li ratoa mabopong a Europe, Scotland le Australia. E ne e phehiloe lehlabula ebe e oma ebe e tsuba bakeng sa mariha. Ho boleloa hore ha ho na letho le khahlisang ho feta tatso ea salmon e hlaha, empa litlhapi tsa salmon tse lenngoeng li theko e tlaase haholo ka lebaka leo li fumaneha ka bongata khoebong. Salmon ea hlaha e fumaneha ho tloha ka Hlakubele ho fihlela ka Phato, ha u ka e reka joalo ka selemo sa selemo sa polasi. LufarLufar ke moemeli a le mong oa lelapa la taelo ea pherekano ea Lufarean. Mmele o phahame (ho fihla ho 115 cm), o hatelloa hamorao, o boima ho fihlela ho 15 kg. Sekala cycloid. Bluefin e fumanoa maoatleng a chesang le a futhumetseng, litlhapi tsa mohlape, USSR - Leoatleng le Letšo le Azov. E etsa maeto a bohlokoa a selemo. Karolo e hlaha, lehlabula. Pelagic caviar, tsoalo ho tloha ho mahe a 100 ho isa ho 1 milione. Predator, e fepa ka herring, li-anchovies le lihlapi tse ling. Ntho ea ho ts'oasa lihlapi. MackerelEna ke tlhapi e tsoang lelapeng. mackerel. Baahi ba linaha tse buang Senyesemane ba bitsa mackerel mackerel, hangata sena se baka pherekano. Litlhapi tsa lelapa la mackerel li ka fapana haholo ka boholo - ho tloha ho lisentimitara tse 60 ho isa ho tse 4,5, empa lelapa lohle la litlhapi tsena, ho sa tsotellehe boholo, ke tsa batlhapi. PollockLitlhapi tse ratang serame tsa lelapa la cod, mofuta oa pollock (theragra). Litlhapi tse tloaelehileng ka ho fetisisa tsa cod Pacific Leboea. Ke e 'ngoe ea litlhapi tse ka sehloohong tsa khoebo Russia. KapelinMofuta oa moholi o fumanoang Arctic, Atlantic (Atlantic capelin) le maoatle a Pacific (Pacific capelin, kapa uek). Ke karolo ea lelapa la salmon, capelin e tlaasana ka boholo ho li-congener. Bolelele ba 'mele oa capelin bo fihla ho 22 cm, boima bo fihla ho 65 g. Capelin e na le sekala se nyane haholo le meno a manyane. Ka morao ke mohloaare o motala, mahlakore le mpa li boreleli. Tse tona li khetholloa ke boteng ba tsona sekaleng, karolong e 'ngoe le e' ngoe ea tsona ho na le qubu ea qubu. LihlapiBass ea leoatleng ke mofuta oa litlhapi tsa masapo, lelapa la scorpion suborder suborder, le na le litšoelesa tse chefo mokhoakong o bohale oa mafahla, ente eo e bakang ho ruruha hoa lehae. BurbotBurbot ke eena feela moemeli oa lelapa la li-cod tse lulang metsing a hloekileng. Ena ke tlhapi e ratang serame e sebetsang ka mocheso oa metsi o sa feteng 10 + C, kahoo hlabula e batla e sa khone ho tšoaroa. Nako e ntle ka ho fetisisa ea ho tšoasa burbot e nkoa e bata ebile e le leholimo le sa tsitsang. Mohlomong ka lebaka lena, burbot ha e ratoe haholo har'a batšoasi ba litlhapi. PerchLelapa la hlapi. 'Mele oa leqhubu o oa phahama, o hatelloa ka mokhoa o itekanetseng hamorao. E koahetsoe ka sekala se tšesaane, se tiileng, likhutlong tsa sona. Ho na le sekala marameng. Molomo o sephara, masapong a lesapo la molomo ho na le likhoele tse 'maloa tsa meno a bopehileng joaloka bristle. Li-spikes tse bohale li pheletsong ea bokantle ba sekoaelo sa gill. Chelete ea pele ea dorsal e na le mahlaseli a bonolo feela, empa ea bobeli - a bonolo haholo. Masiba a khubung le 'ona a na le mahlaseli a spiny. Mohala oa morao o phethehile. Mmala oa 'mala o botala bo botala bo' mala o mosoeu ka 'mala o moputsoa. Ka morao ke botala bo lefifi, mpa e tšoeu. Prickly dorsal fin e bofubelu bo bofubelu ka letheba le letšo ho membrane pakeng tsa mahlaseli a mabeli a ho qetela. SturgeonMofuta oa litlhapi tsa lelapa la sturgeon. Metsi a hloekileng le litlhapi tse fallang, tse bolelele bo fihla ho 3 m, le boima ba 200 kg (Baltic sturgeon). Ho na le mefuta ea 16-18, e meng ea eona e thathamisitsoeng ho Buka e Khubelu. Sturgeon e tšoauoa ka likarolo tse latelang: mela e melelele ea masapo a marapo ha e kopane le e mong mohatleng, ho na le masoba a tlotsang, mahlaseli a mohatla o potolohang qetellong ea mohatla. HalibutHalibut ke tlhapi ea metsing e bilikang. Karolo ea tlhapi ena ke hore mahlo a mabeli a lehlakoreng le letona la hlooho. Mmala oa eona o fapana ho tloha mohloaare ho ea sootho kapa e ntšo. Bolelele bo lekanang ba halibut ke hoo e ka bang karolo ea boraro ea bolelele ba 'mele oa eona. Molomo o moholo, o tlas'a mahlo a tlase, mohatla o na le sebopeho sa crescent.Bolelele ba kholo ea tlhapi ena ea metsing bo tsoa ho 70 ho isa ho 130 cm, le boima - ho tloha ho 4,5 ho isa ho 30 kg. PangasiusEna ke tlhapi e halikiloeng ke ray e tsoang ho lelapa la makhooa a katsiase. O tsoa Vietnam, eo ho eona litlhapi li kileng tsa lisoa le ho jelloa lilemo tse likete tse peli. Ho tšoasa litlhapi tsa pangasius ho sebetsa hantle moruong ka lebaka la tšebeliso e phahameng. E pharalletse ebile e lula metsing a liphoofolo. Hangata o ile a sebeletsa litlhapi tsa tlhapi. HaddockHaddock ke tlhapi ea leoatleng, e nang le bophelo bo sa pheleng ka tlase ho tloha lilemong tse peli, e batla e le thermophilic, e fumanoang botebong ba 30-200 ho isa ho 1000 m ka mocheso oa metsi hangata o haufi le 6 ° le letsoai le tloaelehileng la leoatle. Karolong e ka bochabela ea Leoatle la Barents, haddock hangata e bolokoa metsing a sa futhumetseng botebo ba limithara tse 30-50-70. Haddock e tloaelehile ho pholletsa le Leoatle la Atlantic Leboea. RoachRoach - tlhapi e tsoang lelapeng la li-cyprinids, e na le sebaka sa bolulo se pharaletseng. E fumaneha linokeng le matšeng a Europe (ntle le Bophirima), Siberia, hape ho na le li-subspecies tse ka sebelisang nako e itseng metsing a brackish, libakeng tseo linoka li phallang ho tsona ka leoatleng. Hape, mofuta o ikhethileng oa roach o tsejoa o lula lehlakeng le mabopong a Leoatle la Aral. Libakeng tse fapaneng, roach e tsejoa ka mabitso a joalo: sorog, chebak, roach ea Siberia (Ural le Siberia), pheleu (Black Sea le Azov sebakeng), roach (Volga e tlaase). CarpCarp ke tlhapi e kholo ea metsi a hloekileng e tšoanang le carp.Tlhapi ena e lula metsing a ka bang metsing kaofela. Ho batloa libaka tse pharaletseng le tse tebileng ka metsi a fokolang a hona joale kapa a thekeng, ka letsopa le bonolo kapa tlase le nang le seretse. U se ke oa qoba ho ba le karolo e thata haeba e se majoe. Pheasant e rata metsi a futhumetseng, e rata matangoana a koahetsoeng ke metsi. E lula e tebile. SalakaSalaka, e leng sehlotšoana sa litlhapi tsa lelapa tse itlhomme pele. Bolelele ho fihla ho 20 cm (ka seoelo ho fihla ho 37 cm - seholo se seholo), boima ho fihlela ho 75. Salaka e fapana le herring ea Atlantic ka palo e nyane ea li-vertebrae (54-57). Ona ke ona mofuta oa Baltic (subspecies) oa herring ea Atlantic. SaratintsíLitlhapi tse nyane tsa leoatleng, phuleng ea 15-20 cm, hangata ho fihla ho 25 cm, ho tsoa ho lelapa la herring. Sardine e boreleli hanyane ho feta herring. Mokokotlo oa hae o botala bo botala, mahlakore a hae le mpa ea hae e tšoeu ka silevera. Sekoahelo se sekoaelo se koaelitsoeng ka melatsoana ea 'mala o khauta le metsero e metšo e lefifi, e khelohang ka mokhoa o pharalletseng lipakeng tsa eona tse tlase le tse ka morao. HerringHiding ke mofuta oa litlhapi tse tsoang lelapeng la herring (lat. Clupeidae). Mmele o hatelloa hamorao, ka mpeng ea mpa ea mpa. Sekala se leka-lekaneng kapa se seholo, ha se nyane. Mohlahare oa holimo ha o tsoe ka tlase. Molomo o leka-lekane. Meno, haeba a teng, a bohlasoa ebile a tsoa. Karolo ea temana ea bolelele e bolelele bo itekanetseng 'me e na le mahlaseli a tlase ho 80. Dorsal Fin kaholimo ho mpa. Chelete ea caudal e bifurcated. Mofuta ona o kenyelletsa mefuta e fetang 60, e tloaelehileng sebakeng se futhumetseng le se chesang sa leoatle, 'me karolo e' ngoe e le sebakeng se batang. Mefuta e meng ke mehlape ea maoatleng 'me ha ho mohla e kenang metsing a hloekileng, e meng ke ea litlhapi tse fallang ebe e kenella linōkeng hore e qhalane. Hiding e entsoe ka liphoofolo tse fapaneng tse fapaneng, haholo-holo li-crustaceans tse nyane. SalemoneSalmon ke tlhapi e fallang ea lelapa la salmon. Bakeng sa ho fihla ho 1.5 m, boima ho fihlela ho 39 kg. Sekala se nyane, silvery, ha ho na matheba ka tlasa moeli oa morao. E lula karolong e ka leboea ea Leoatle la Atlantic le karolo e ka boroa-bophirima ea Leoatle la Arctic, hammoho le Leoatleng la Baltic. Kholoho selemong sa 5-6 sa bophelo. Ka nokeng e ea decomp. nako (ka hoetla le ka linako tse fapaneng lehlabula). E qala ka Loetse - Mphalane. Nakong ea ho peperana, matheba a bofubelu le a lamunu a hlaha hloohong le mahlakore a salmon. Fertility ke mahe a likete tse 6-16. Caviar e kholo, 'mala oa lamunu. Bacha ba lula nokeng ka lilemo tse 1-5, ba fepa li-invertebrates le lihlapi tse nyane. Leoatle le ja litlhapi le crustaceans. E phela ho fihlela lilemo tse 9. Taba ea bohlokoa ka ho ts'oasa lihlapi. Sig ke mofuta oa litlhapi tse tsoang lelapeng la salmon, tse arotsoeng ke bafuputsi ba bang hammoho le whitefish le nelma ho ba lelapa le ikhethileng la whitefish (Coregonidae). Sig e na le 'mele o hatelletsoeng o koahetsoeng ka sekala se boholo bo bohareng, molomo o monyane moo ho seng mohla meno a leng teng masapong a maxillary le ho hlatsa,' me meno le likarolong tse ling a ka nyamela haufinyane, kapa, ka tsela efe kapa efe, a ntshetswa pele haholo, maxilla ha e atolohe ka nqa ea leihlo. . Sigi e lula linaheng tse futhumetseng le tse batang karolong e ka leboea ea lefatše. MackerelMackerel ke tlhapi ea lelapa la sehlopha sa mackerel perch-like. Bolelele bo phahameng ba 'mele ke cm 60, ka karolelano ke cm cm 30.' Mele o bopehile joaloka sebopeho. Likala tse nyane. Ka morao ke botala bo botala, ka likhoele tse ngata tse ntšo, tse lohiloeng hanyane. Ha ho na bladder ea ho sesa. Catfish ke sebata se seholo ka ho fetisisa sa metsi a hloekileng. E lula libakeng tse phallang ka matla le lilakane tsa noka tse phetheselang, e ka fihlella boima ba li-kilo tse 300! Bo-ramahlale ba joalo, bo-rasaense ba re, hangata ba lilemo tse 80-100! Ke 'nete, ha ke utloe ho hong hoo e mong oa batho ba tenang a leng lehlohonolo. Hangata likatata tse boima ba 10-25 kg. Ka litšobotsi tsa eona tsa kantle, catfish e fapane habonolo le litlhapi tse ling tsohle. O na le hlooho e kholo e lerootho, molomo o moholo, o tsoang ho eona likhalase tse peli tse kholo le manana a mane seaparong sa hae. Moustara ke mofuta oa seemahale, ka thuso ea sona catfish e batlang lijo esita le lefifing. Ho makatsang - ka boholo bo boholo - mahlo a manyane haholo. Mohatla o molelele ebile o nyane joalo ka tlhapi. 'Mala oa katse oa litlhapi oa fapana - o batla o le motšo ka holimo, ha mpa e le ka tloaelo mpa e tšoeu e tšoeu. Mmele wa hae ha o na sekala. Horse mackerelHorse mackerel ke tlhapi ea tatellano ea potoloho. Bolelele ba 'mele ho fihlela 50 cm, e boima ho fihlela ho 400. Mackerel e kholo ka ho fetisisa ea pere, e lekantsoeng ke litsebi, e boima ba 2 kg. Ba phela ho fihlela lilemo tse 9. Li-mackerels tsa lipere li ja li-zooplankton, lihlapi tse nyane, ka linako tse ling li-crustaceans tse tlase kapa tse tlase le li-cephalopods. SterletSterlet ke tlhapi ea lelapa la sturgeon. Bolelele ba mmele ho fihla ho cm cm, bo boima ho fihlela ho 16 kg (hangata e le tlase). ZanderSudak ke mofuta oa litlhapi tsa lelapa la perch. 'Mele oa pike perch o bolelele, o hatelletsoe hanyane ka hanyane, o koahetsoe ka sekala se tšesaane, se lutseng ka thata ka mekhahlelo e tšeelitsoeng. Sekoahelo sa scaly se atoloha ho fihla hloohong le mohatleng. Mohala oa morao o phethehile, o ntse o tsoela pele ho fihla ho chelete ea papali. Makhopho a dorsal a arohantsoeng ke lekhalo le lenyane kapa a kopana. Molomo o moholo, manaka a otlolohile, ho na le meno a manyane ho 'ona, hammoho le masapo a mang a molomo, ho na le manonyeletso mohlahare, le masapo a masapo a gill. Ka morao ho piketso ea pike e botala bo bosootho, mpa e tšoeu, mahlakoreng ho isa ho leshome, mme ka linako tse ling le ho feta, ea metsero e sootho e sootho. Makhopho a pinta, a moea o tsoang ka hare le a bosehla a 'mala o mosehla. Pike perch o lula linokeng le matšeng. E ameha haholo ka ho fokotseha ha lintho tse nang le oksijene metsing. O leka ho tsoa likarolong tse silafetseng tsa mebele ea metsi; ha a eo ka mebele ea metsi e litšila kamehla. Zander e bolokoa haholo libakeng tse tebileng tsa linoka le matša, moo ka tlase e nang le letsopa, lehlabathe kapa letsopa le mokokotlo. Carp ea sileveraCarp ea silevera ke ea lelapa la carp. Mohlape ona oa litlhapi tsa metsi a hloekileng, o fihlelang boholo bo boholo, o khetholloa ke sekala se 'mala oa silevera le hlooho e kholo. E na le boleng ba bohlokoa ba ho tšoasa litlhapi. Tlhapi e ntle e potlakileng - ha e le lilemo li tharo e boima ba lik'hilograma tse tharo, mme motho e moholo o fihla bolelele ba limithara le boima ba li-kilos tse 16. CodCod ke tlhapi ea lelapa la cod. Ka bolelele e fihla ho 1,8 m, ka hara tlhapi ea ho ts'oasa litlhapi tse telele tsa 40-80 cm, ha li le lilemo li 3-10. TunaTuna ke mofuta oa litlhapi tse tsoang lelapeng la mackerel. Li feto-fetoha le mokhoa oa tsona oa bophelo ka mokhoa o phethahetseng, o tsamaeang le ho sisinyeha ho sa feleng. Mmele oa tuna o teteaneng ebile o bopehile joaloka torpedo. Finors ea dorsal e na le sebopeho sa sekele 'me e loketse ho sesa ka nako e telele le ka potlako ka lebelo ho fihla ho 77 km / h. Ka bolelele, litlhapi tsena ka linako tse ling li fihla ho limilimithara tse 3,5. Tuna li lula likolong tse kholo ebile li tsamaea maeto a malelele ho ea batla lijo. TroutTrout ke ea mofuta oa salmonids, e leng lelapa la salmonids. Mmele oa trout o phahame, o hatelloa hanyane hamorao, o koahetsoe ka sekala se tšesaane. Ntho e ikhethang ka tlhapi ena ke hore e nka 'mala oa sebaka seo e lulang ho sona. Litlhapi tsa lelapa la flatfish le tsona li ikhetha. Finors ea trout e khutsoanyane, moeli oa morao o hlalositsoe hantle. Tse tona li fapana le tse tšehali ka hlooho e kholo le palo ea meno. Bolelele bo tloaelehileng ba trout ke 40-50 cm, boima - 1 kg. Mofuta oa lihlapi tsa leoatleng tsa lelapa la cod. Europe, hake haesale a amoheloa e le moemeli ea nepahetseng oa mefuta ea likhalase. Nama ea Hake e sebelisoa haholo lijong tsa lijo ebile e monya mmele hantle haholo. Pike ke mofuta oa litlhapi tsa metsi a hloekileng, e le 'ngoe feela lapeng la maiketsetso. Ka bolelele, pike e ka fihla 1,5 m, mme e boima ho fihlela ho 35 kg (hangata ho fihla ho 1 m le 8 kg). Mmele o sebopeho sa torpedo, hlooho e kholo, molomo o sephara. 'Mala oa fapana, ho latela tikoloho: ho latela sebopeho sa limela, e ka ba' mala o moputsoa, oa 'mala o moputsoa, o moputsoa, o ka morao o lefifi, mahlakore a nang le matheba a maholo a sootho kapa a mohloaare a etsang methati e metenya. Maphepa a sa lomosoang a bosehla bo botala, bo sootho bo nang le matheba a lefifi, a pentiloeng - lamunu. Matšeng a mang ho fumaneha Pike ea silevera. Nako eo batho ka bomong ba ka e fihlelang e ka ba lilemo tse 30. Litlhapi tsa lelapa la cyprinid, li tšoana le roach. Mohopolo, tlhapi ea boholo bo boholo, e bolelele ba 70 cm, e boima ba 2kg, leha ho ntse ho fumanoa le batho ba baholo. 'Mala ke oa bohlooho-putsoa, mokokotlong o lefifi ho feta ka mpeng. Maphephe a na le mofuta oa 'mala o pinki. Mohopolo ke tlhapi e nang le metsi a hloekileng, empa e ka phela metsing a leoatle a hloekileng. Lijo tse nang le morero li na le lijo tsa limela le tsa liphoofolo (likokoanyana, mollusks, liboko). Ho mela ho etsahala halofo ea bobeli ea selemo. Mebala e mehlano eo u e ratang ka ho fetisisa ea perch. Ke lintho life tse nepahetseng ka ho fetisisa tseo u ka li tšoasang?Metsoalle, ke tla bua hang-hang hore mebala ena kaofela e ne e koetlisitsoe ke 'na feela ka hoetla, hape ke matlong a ka a bolulo. Ho uena, tsohle li ka tsamaea ka tsela e fapaneng. Hona ke ho tšoasa litlhapi. Lebala No. 1. Violet. Ha ke tsebe hore na batšoasi ba litlhapi ba nang le boiphihlelo ba joang, empa ke lula ke tsamaisa lintho tsena ka linako tsohle. Letata le kopana le 'mala oa boputsoa joalo ka poho ho e-na le mafome a mafubelu. Ha ke tsebe lebaka, empa o tsoela pele hantle haholo nakong ea hoetla. Kahoo ke nako ea ho hlahloba. Lebala No. 2. Bosoeu. Ho metsi a batang, ha ho tluoa mehopolong ea ho ts'oasa mariha, 'mala o mosoeu ha oa lokela ho ba sethaleng feela, empa hape le ho tse jang tse ling. Kaha ho ja lijana tsa tlhaho tsa liphoofolo ke karolo ea bohlokoa ea bophelo ka nako ena. Nomoro ea 3. Sparkles. Batla joalo ka boloi - ela hloko. Ha se ha lefeela hore mefuta eohle ea li-spinners le mormyshki ho eena li khanya. Lebala No. 4. Mochini oa mochini. 'Mala ona o phatlalalitsoe ka mafolofolo bakeng sa lilemo tse fetang tse 3-4' marakeng oa thekiso ea litlhapi, 'me ke ho loketseng ho hlokomela hore masholu a marang-rang a sebetsa hantle haholo ho eona. Lebala No. 5. Acid Sena se kenyelletsa mebala e mengata, empa ntho e tšoanang e ba kopanya kaofela - 'mala oa asiti. Ho mefuta-futa eo nka e thathamisang joalo ka botala le mosehla. Phepo e nepahetsengMofuta ona ke sebatana se jang lintho tse ikhethang, se iphepa ka litlhapi tse nyane, likokoanyana tse metsing, crustaceans le mollusks. E fumana phofu ka thuso ea pono, ka hona e tsoma e batla e le motšehare, e na le litlhoro tse peli tsa lijo - hoseng le mantsiboea, karolo e kholo ea phofu ea makhoba ke bo-maeba le bo-marabe, haholo-holo ka Mots'eanong - Phupu. Malinyane a maputsoa a maputsoa a sebelisa zooplankton e ngata, 'me batho ba baholo ba sebelisa salmon ea bana, ba qhibiliha esita le bacha ba mefuta ea bona. Ho tsalaHo mela ho etsahala hang ka selemo mathoasong a selemo, hoo e ka bang hang ka mor'a hore leqhoa le qhibilihe, hangata bosiu kapa hoseng. Ha e mela, mahe a beheloa ka phoso limela le metsing tse ka tlasa metsi ntle le ho aha lihlaha. Mahe a bokelloa ka 'mala oa' mala oa amber, 'me a qoelisoa ka lera le leholo la mucous, le a sirelletsang ho liso le tšoaetsanoang tse nyane. Ho latela boholo ba tsona, tse tšehali li ka behela mahe a 10 ho isa ho 40,000. Ha e mela, e tšehali e lateloa ke tse tona tse peli ho isa ho tse 25, tse emisang mahe a behiloeng ke eena. Nts'etsopele ea caviar e nka matsatsi a 12-16, ho latela mocheso oa metsi a potileng (metsing a futhumetseng, caviar e hlaha ka potlako). Malinyane a maputsoa a 'mala oa mosehla a bopa mehlape libakeng tse sa tebang tse nang le limela tsa metsing, tse nang le limela tse ngata tsa zooplankton le li-invertebrates tse nyane. Ka nako e ts'oanang, furu ea sejoana se mosehla e fetoha sesebelisoa sa bohlokoa sa lijo bakeng sa linonyana tse jang litlhapi le lihlapi tse kholo. Nakong ea selemo sa pele sa bophelo, li-perch tse mosehla li hola ho fihla ho 7,5-8 cm. Share
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